Must inkomo: iimpawu yokuphila.

Must inkomo (Ovibos moschatus), eyaziwa ngokuba inkomo must, nguye eseleyo ilungu kuphela namhlanje bovids usapho. izinyanya ezikude lesi silwanyana babehlala kwiindawo weentaba Central Asia kwiminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi 10 eyadlulayo. Ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe loni Eurasia kunye North America. Ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemozulu, abantu babo ndawunciphisa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela babazisa eRashiya, Wrangel Island yaye Taimyr Peninsula, apho bathabatha ngempumelelo ingcambu.

Must ox: Inkcazo

Le esikhulu isilwanyana neempuphu kunye nentloko enkulu intamo emfutshane. iimpondo ajikelezayo likhusi oluthembekileyo kumarhamncwa. Umzimba zifakwa phantse ngokupheleleyo noboya, ejinga waphants idyasi olingana brown emnyama kunye ezimnyama kunye Uboya zamafu. Kuyinto izihlandlo eziliqela kunomzimba uboya zeegusha, unako ukusindisa isilwanyana nakweyiphi iqabaka. Kunye iimpuphu ebanzi inkomo must nga ngalo kwikhephu, ukuvelisa ukutya kwabo ebusika. Ukufumana kuyo ikhephu yenza ingqiqo kakhulu ephuhliswe kakuhle ivumba, imibulelo kuyo inkomo must nako ukubona iintshaba ezayo. amehlo Big ukuvumela ukuba ukwazi izinto nkqu ebumnyameni iyonke. Ukuphakama wesilwanyana yahluka ukusuka cm 130 ukuya 150 egxalabeni, ubunzima yi 260-650 kg. Iinkunzi makhulu kakhulu amabhinqa. Nangona ngomli- ezinjalo, nolwalamano olusondeleyo Kunokuhlala Iinkomo kunye neegusha neebhokhwe kunye inkomo must. Igama lesi silwanyana ukuba must awungeni. Elidityaniswe negama Indian "musked", elibhekisela indawo afumileyo. Kanye iibhokhwe, iinkomo must lula batsibe nasemiqhokrweni yeengxondorha, kumathambeka. uhlobo enkulu yaye angenzi akuzange kumthintele ukuba isebenze ngokukhawuleza, bona ngaphantsi yebo isantya zehashe.

Le nkomo must idla

Ezi izilwanyana nabalulamileyo kakhulu ukutya. Nangona umzimba elikhulu, kwanele ukuba izityalo ebonakala mfutshane polar ihlobo phakathi permafrost. Ebusika, bafumana baphume ulele bekhephu, sedges, ezinde ezincinanana kunye willow. inkomo must udla amaxesha 5 ukutya ngaphantsi kwe le adle, yaye esi sixa ukutya kwanele ukuxhasa ubomi.

wemvelo neenkomo

Phakathi must iinkomo ziphuhliswa kakuhle social networks, ingakumbi phakathi amabhinqa kunye namathole. Le umhlambi izilwanyana ezihlala amaqela abantu 15-20. Le ngomhlambi ixhaswa, ngokuqhelekileyo yanye inkunzi lubalaseleyo. Phakathi ithole kunye nonina, kukho nolwalamano olusondeleyo kakhulu, ukuba bahlale kunye nabanye. Ukusukela ekuzalweni ithole esinxibelelana onke amalungu eqela, abathatha inxaxheba kule midlalo, nto leyo ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo ebomini zomhlambi.

izitha

Iintshaba eziphambili indalo ukuba inkomo must ke iingcuka, amabhere, wolverines kunye, Kakade ke, abazingeli. Ukukhuselwa ezidla ngexesha likaxakeka, ezi zilwanyana ezinamandla kuma isangqa kufuphi enye kwenye, ligubungela namathole ezincinane, kwaye nayo aziphose utshaba. Omnye ukuhlaselwa eyindoda, ngoko ubuyela isangqa. Ngoko ke avuthuze kuhlaselwa kunye amarhamncwa eziliqela. iimpondo olomeleleyo elibukhali - into edumileyo inkomo must.

Loo ngendlela yokukhusela hayi kuphela isebenza phezu kwabantu, kunoko, izixhobo ukuba usebenzisa. Abazingeli badla nokungakwazi muskox, ababesoloko kwi icici ndakuzidubula kunye umpu. Ezi zilwanyana bagwayimbile ngayo ingqiqo yabo banomfutho. Bona zingqonge must inkomo Ubingelele ejongene nokufa, ukukhusela kwaye kwanyanzeleka abazingeli ukumbulala lonke ugxuba. Ngoko ke, inani iinkomo must kwi Arctic nokufika kompu zabantu lehla kakhulu.

Must inkomo kanye le ndoda

Uluntu lwemveli eFar North kudala isetyenziswa njenge izilwanyana must inkomo umdlalo. Kakhulu ingubo futh Uboya, leyo ibizwa ngokuba "giviot". 2 kg Lutho anganika inkomo ezixabisekileyo must. Images, ezifana ebekwe ngasentla zibonisa ukwahluka lwezinto inokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa vulu efunyenwe iinwele inkomo must. Izilwanyana igcinwe ekuthinjweni, echazwayo ngenyameko, ukuqokelela giviot, yaye kwezo ngaphandle, shiya elininzi uboya ngexesha molt apha ezityalweni. Kufuneka kuphela ukuqokelela kuyo.

inyama aziswa kunye must iinkomo. Okungaqhelekanga kuphela inyama amadoda abo bafela ixesha lokukhwela, t. To. Kuye kakhulu ivumba olomeleleyo must.

umitha

imitshato, phakathi inkomo must eza ukuphakama lonyaka ihlobo. Umsebenzi inkunzi - ukuba abe umnini yendlu yabafazi, ukuba ukutsala ababhinqileyo abaninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ukuba amalungelo ayo okulwa ukuba zingasondeli. Kweli xesha kukho umlo phakathi zeenkomo eziye kutshanje, aziyeke kunye kwaye zikhuselwe ngokwabo kumarhamncwa. Benikana nhla bayingozi, bona wahlehla, uze sukela ukuya omnye komnye, zingagilani iintloko. Isiphukuphuku inkunzi ushiya edabini.

Xa bathe badimala kudambe kwaye ixesha lokukhwela iphela, kuyo yonke kwakhona n'ekiweebwayo emhlambini nokuqhubeka zitye ngoxolo ekufutshane. NgoMeyi, amathole bazalwa. Imazi kudla ngokwenza enye ithole nezinobunzima 7 kg, nto leyo wambu obukhulu. Phantse unyaka amathole abondliwayo ubisi umama wabo, babe isiqulatho eliphezulu ngamanqatha. Ngemihla zokuqala yokondla livela kangangezihlandlo ezingama-20 ngosuku. Sele kwiiyure zokuqala emva kokuzalwa ithole unako ukulandela unina, kuba esebenzayo ngakumbi emva kweentsuku 2-3, kwaye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva wadibana nabanye lamathole konwaba ukudlala nabo. Must-inkomo sikhula kancinci. Kuphela ngomnyaka wesithathu wobomi, uba ivuthwe ngesondo kwaye bakwazi nokuzala.

Olu luhlu ekhoyo ezifuna nokuhlaliswa, namhlanje kunye inkomo must. Umfanekiso ngayo ngoku kubonakala phakathi imifanekiso yezilwanyana lokukhuselwa. Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba imfuneko ukubuyisela abemi must iinkomo kwi Arctic. Oku kuya kunceda kwandisa imithombo ngokuzingela nokuloba.