Kolwandle incinane ehlabathini: indawo, ubukhulu,

Yintoni kolwandle incinane ehlabathini? Impendulo yalo mbuzo inokufunyanwa kweli nqaku. Ukongeza, apha sixelelwe malunga apho yena, yintoni intsimi yakhe, ohlala kuyo, ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla ezinxulumene nayo.

ezilwandle

-Isibini wobuso iplanethi yethu luthathe indawo zamanzi. ummandla ogcweleyo imalunga 370 million km ^2. Namhlanje noluntu geographical uchonga iilwandlekazi ezintlanu zehlabathi;

1. wazola;
2. Indian;
3. South;
4. Atlantic;
5. Arctic.

Le yokuhlela eyamkelwa yi-International lokuhlola amanzi Organization ngo-2000, xa elwandle sahlukana ngokusesikweni lezi ezintlanu.

Umgca esohlukanisa umzimba mnye enkulu amanzi avela kwezinye enemiqathango. Amanzi nga kumpompoza ngokukhululekileyo ukusuka ulwandle ukuya kwenye. On emideni yabo zenzeka umahluko lwemozulu, ingakumbi imisinga kunye nezinye izenzakalo.

Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni ulwandle incinane ehlabathini kunokuba umdla ohlala kuyo. Iimpendulo zale mibuzo enzima unika eliJongene yezenzululwazi.

Arctic

Kolwandle incinane ehlabathini - i-Arctic. A ngomaleko omkhulu womhlaba ze Arctic ice unyaka wonke ligubungela uninzi kwindawo yayo.

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala Ocean German wabonakala kwimephu ngenkulungwane elinesixhenxe. Ekuqaleni kwathiwa Hyperborean. Ngokubanzi, imbali ikhona, sase amagama amaninzi, uninzi eziphawuleka kwindawo yayo wejografi.

Igama yanamhlanje yolwandle ndakutywina ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, emva kokuba umhloli uphando Admiral F. P. Litke.

Yeyona obubanda zonke iilwandle kumhlaba owayamene amanzi Pacific Atlantic. Ubunzulu yahluka ukusuka 350 m ukuya 5527 km, eliphakathi - phezu 1200 kweemitha, umthamo wamanzi - ³ 18 million km. Amanzi kwi multilayer Ocean: lobushushu ezahlukeneyo isidanga yokwanda. Ngokuqhelekileyo mirages, ezo akhiwa ngenxa ingozi yokuba khona umoya kweshushu.

Ummandla kwamanzi i-Arctic Ocean kuquka iilwandle elinambini. Eyona idumileyo: White, uLwandle Chukchi, ulwandle Laptev, uLwandle Barents, kunye nabanye.

indawo okuyo

Arctic Ocean - ulwandle incinane ehlabathini. Igama buchazwa indawo yayo okuyo. Le ndawo ize ivale North Pole, kwakunye uninzi Arctic and bands sub umhlaba. Eselunxwemeni zihlanjwe kumazwekazi ezimbini inkulu amanzi ayo.

amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu, ukubusa imimoya ebandayo Arctic, ubusuku obude polar kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukunqongophala ubushushu elanga kunye nokukhanya, kwemvula kakhulu - konke oku kwenza imozulu ongqwabalala kakhulu. Ukongeza, oku ulwandle incinane ehlabathini ngenxa yokungabikho ubushushu ukuba becala wayifulela Iizilebhu elikhulu ngumkhenkce.

La macwecwe kwisenzeko rhoqo, kwaye imfumba enkulu ezakhiwa njalo.

zobukhulu

Arctic Ocean - ulwandle incinane ehlabathini ndawo. Okubangela 3.5% yobonelelo yehlabathi amanzi. Ngokubanzi, ukuba phantse zizigidi-15 km ^2. Xa uthelekisa ne lwePasifiki, yeyona inkulu ehlabathini, i-Arctic - nto nje inxalenye yakhe yeshumi.

Phantse isiqingatha indawo esiyi yi ezishelfini zwekazi. Ubunzulu apha incinane, malunga 350 eemitha.

Kumbindi kukho sisigingqi eziliqela enzulu ukuya kwiimitha 5000. Bona yahlukanisiwe ukusuka kwenye nenye lwamawa transoceanic (Haeckel Mendeleva, University).

abemi

Uninzi Arctic Ocean uninzi kunyaka alekwe ngumkhenkce, ngoko musa kutsala umdla oomatiloshe kunye nabalobi. A kancinane apha kwaye eziphila elwandle kunye nezityalo. Nangona kusekho kukho abameli kunye abalandeli sezulu esibandayo.

Apho amanzi kakhulu okanye simahla ice ngaphantsi, kukho lamatywina, walruses, amabhere, iminenga, intlanzi encinane saselwandle esineqokobhe.

Izilwanyana ye-Arctic Ocean, njengoko, eneneni, ngokuba yonke imimandla emantla, ebonakala ngu ezinye iimpawu ezikhethekileyo. Omnye wabo - gigantism. Oku kungqinwa kukubakho apha iimbaza inkulu jellyfish, nekorale, izigcawu zolwandle.

Enye inkalo - nto ixesha elide. imfihlo yakhe ukuba zonke iinkqubo ubomi kwathotha phantsi obushushu asezantsi.

Iimbaza bahlala apha iminyaka emashumi mabini anantlanu, waza kuLwandle Black - ezintandathu kuphela; cod sisinde ukuya kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini, kwaye halibut ngokubanzi ukuya kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu okanye amane.

anika umdla

1. Kolwandle incinane kweli hlabathi kwindawo yesibini emva kokuba Pacific ngenani iziqithi ibekwe nommandla wayo.
2. indawo Water liye kumafa yayo yeyona siqithi sikhulu emhlabeni (Greenland) kunye Nqabakazi inkulu (Canadian Arctic).
3. Uninzi olwandle elele ngaphantsi ngumkhenkce unyaka wonke.
4. Phakathi amabanjwa kwafunyaniswa jellyfish inkulu. Yayibizwa cyanogen, kuba malunga ezimbini ukuya kwiimitha amabini eemitha ubukhulu kunye nemisipha.
5. Kwakhona uhlala apha spider elwandle umlenze inesipani ngeesentimitha ukuya ku ezingamashumi amathathu.
6. Ngomhla kweenxweme lwandle luncinane sisilwanyana esingaqhelekanga - inkomo must.
7. Ngenxa kwindawo ukufudumala nokwenyuka ice ubukhulu ziyancipha kakhulu. Uqala kwi ingxaki enkulu yokusingqongileyo: amanzi avela umkhenkce ukunyibilika kweyela elwandle, yaye inqanaba wayo uya kuvuka. Xa sicingela ukuba zonke umkhenkce zinyibilike, kwinqanaba uya kuvuka yi neemitha ezintandathu.
8. Abahambi ithi isandi isenzeko wolwandle nadlulisela izandi inqwaba leekhilomitha.
9. Lo mkhuba Fata Morgana, oluthi luqokelelane ukusuka mirages alandelelanayo uphawu i-Arctic, hayi nje abahambi ukudideka zingalahlekanga. Le meko guqula kakhulu ngokuma, ebonisa ngokwenene ifom ophambene kakhulu.