Records World Athletics. Iirekhodi hlabathi indala lweembaleki

Guide Federation Athletic baseBritane ubeke phambili ingcamango kwakhona ingxelo lwehlabathi iimbaleki. Oku ngenxa yenani elikhulu kunye isikali amanyundululu kweziyobisi 2015. Eli phulo ifumene ukuqonda kunye noMongameli we-International Association of Athletics iimanyano (IAAF) Sebastian Coe.

Wacela ukuvala i "basole" iziphumo ezisencochoyini okunokuthi kwaphunyezwa ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni. amarekhodi ngoku babonakala alinakuzuzwa.

indaba

Iimbaleki zokuqala zobungcali ukuvela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX eNgilani. Ngoko okwesihlandlo sokuqala kwaqala ubhaliso ezingcono iziphumo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo imidlalo yeembaleki. Iirekhodi yokuqala of the World Athletics zabhalwa kukubaleka 1 imayili. Nentlangano ngowe-1914, amaBhunga oLawulo ngamazwe, i-IAAF, imithetho zobhaliso namazinga aphezulu empumelelo kunye uluhlu lwamacandelo uye kuye, apho abebalwa.

iindlela kancane kulawulwa ukuba iziphumo kunye nemiqathango kukhuphiswano kwixabiso irekhodi yokulinganisa akukho imibuzo. Ngowe-1968, kwisiXeko Mexico, kwi-Olimpiki Imidlalo emnqamlezweni kwinkalo lizwe okokuqala zisetyenziswa kangangoko inkqubo kunokwenzeka automated sokubala ixesha. Isiphumo Yabhalwa ku ngokwekhulu ekufutshane owesibini. Records World Athletics e yokujula exhumaxhuma baqalisa ukuba babhaliswe kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezininzi mihla somlinganiselo kunye neenkqubo ze-elektroniki.

Imithetho ezisisiseko kuvunywe kweerekhodi zehlabathi

Ukuze ukubeka neembaleki kwi nolwakho, ukuze sibone imfuneko ukuba kurekhodwe kugcinwe kanye imithetho engqongqo ebekwe yi-IAAF. Ngenxa yoko, ukutyabeka ka treadmills, izixhobo ukugqibezela, Ubeko - yonke into kufuneka ahambelane nemigangatho evunyiweyo. iirekhodi ihlabathi ayikalungiswa - iziphumo ezingcono lweembaleki - kukhuphiswano, apho abadlali inxaxheba ngesondo ezahlukeneyo, okanye ukuba iqela relay iimbaleki bezizwe ezahlukeneyo ebaleka. Xa uqhuba ikwazi kwi-200 m nokudlula umoya oxwesileyo siphinda- mayingabi ngaphezu 2 m / s. Kuba-ngeenxa zonke kukhuphiswano wavumela zemimoya ukuya ku-4 m / s.

Le meko ibalulekileyo ukuba yobhaliso ngempumelelo, ekufuneka ithathe indawo kumaqumrhu zemidlalo ngamazwe ubhala IAAF World, inzaliseko yamanyathelo engqongqo ukuya kweziyobisi ulawulo. Nayiphi na impatho embi yemigaqo lokuhanjiswa iisampulu nokuqhuba uphando babo impumelelo aphezulu nemigqakhwe. Ngayo nale miba zijikeleza amathandabuzo ingakumbi indlela angaqhelekanga impumelelo zehlabathi.

Ezahlukahlukeneyo impumelelo zehlabathi

Odume kakhulu ehlabathini umkhondo kunye yasendle ingqalelo iingxelo ezibekwe yi abasetyhini kunye namadoda lweembaleki ukhuphiswano Olimpiki ukuziqhubela phandle. Emva kokuba Olympics, olu khuphiswano ibalulekileyo yesibini neembaleki - zasehlotyeni iNdebe yeHlabathi. YeeRekhodi World Athletics - ukuphumelela esibekekileyo nayiphi na imbaleki okanye ngumdilizi zonke-rounder. Championships Winter eyayibanjwe kumabala emidlalo phantsi kophahla, iye Okukodwa bayo kunye netafile impumelelo aphezulu.

Naziphi iimbaleki ukhuphiswano ebonakalayo imbali yayo, yaye ngoko, netafile yayo yonke impumelelo. Iirekhodi kwiMidlalo yeOlimpiki, lobuntshatsheli yelizwekazi, le inkulu kwisigaba lweembaleki i Prix Grand - mbuyekezo ebalulekileyo nayiphi na imbaleki. amaziko ezemidlalo ezinkulu nayo irekhodi iziphumo zakhe, nabanako rhoqo kuhlaziywa.

Records e yobudala ahlukeneyo

Kwimbali mdlalo oluninzi iinkwenkwezi, ubonisa irekhodi iziphumo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo umsebenzi wakhe lweembaleki. Le theyibhile, leyo wangena iirekhodi ehlabathini lweembaleki phakathi juniors babe amagama abo ke wafuna iziphumo ingcono sele umdala. Le sprinter fastest le planethi, Usain Bolt ibamba irekhodi lomhlaba ngeemitha wabafazi 200 kunye junior - 19,93 nomntu omdala - imizuzwana 19,19.

Emva kokuphela umsebenzi kwimidlalo professional imbaleki lokwenyaniso akayeki uqeqesho olusebenzayo. Ukhuphiswano phakathi namagqala kunegalelo ukuthandwa ezemidlalo kunye neerekhodi lweembaleki phakathi amagqala zehlabathi - kukho inkuthazo enkulu ukuba ukunciphisa umsebenzi nokhuphiswano sele umdala. Iimbaleki zikhuphisana kwihlelo leminyaka yabo kwaye bayathanda ukuba ndaphule iirekhodi, wabonisa yobudala efanayo.

Tsibela kwinkulungwane elandelayo

Iingcali asoloko ebuza malunga iya kuhlaziywa kangaphi kwaye phezulu koko kwinqanaba kungaziswa iziphumo ezingcono kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo lweembaleki. La mabali Yayinengxelo, kwabonakala olungagungqiyo, kodwa lona iimbaleki zonke izizukulwana ezizayo. Omnye weyona mizekelo umxhelo - impumelelo Oxhumayo elide Bob Beamon.

Ekupheleni-Olimpiki Games e Mexico City, wasilela ukutsiba 8,90 m. Le ngxelo yehlabathi yangaphambili kugqithiwe yi fantastic 55 cm. Ngosuku lokugqibela drizzling imvula, umoya kuluhlu yesiqhelo. Bathi ke, njengazo zonke iimbaleki, wanceda umoya rarefied ezintabeni eziphakamileyo. Abagwebi ixesha elide nako ngokuchanekileyo umlinganiselo i "moya" Beamon, naxa kwakukho amanani irekhodi, akukho bani abangakholwanga semthethweni zabo. Le irekhodi kwakujongwa obungunaphakade, kodwa kwathatha iminyaka 23 yaseMerika Oxhumayo Mayk Pauell kwagqithiswa kuyo kwi 1991 World Championships eTokyo nge-5 cm. Ukufikelela uhlala irekhodi Beamon Olimpiki.

Irekhodi endala

Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni kwakhona etafileni iirekhodi zehlabathi ukuwa impumelelo, leyo kusenokwenzeka uzaliswe isiqingatha senkulungwane. Iirekhodi hlabathi lidala umkhondo kunye entsimini baye babonisa ngexesha xa ukusetyenziswa mziba angabekwa ukuba nezithintelo ukhohlakele ezifana, njengoko kunjalo namhla. Ngoko ke, abaninzi bavakalisa ukuba alikho semthethweni phambi abo kuluhlu kwempumelelo eziphakamileyo, nangona ziboniswa "ngukumkani ngosuku" kunye neembaleki abake baya encotsheni indlela ende kwaye kunzima.

July 26, 1983 imbaleki Czechoslovakian Jarmila Kratochvílová wabaleka ixhaphayo 2 ngeenxa le nkundla - 800 m - 1 imiz 53.28 umzuzwana. Yena wayesele imbaleki onamava ukuqhuba imigama avareji ababandakanyekayo siqongqothe. kwayo kubonakala ngqiqweni ukuba iimbaleki namhlanje.

Irekhodi endala ihlabathi enxulumene necandelo ngaphakathi kwinkqubo iimbaleki, irekhodi in obethe abelibeke eboniswe kwimbaleki ngaphakathi Czechoslovak kakhulu, Helena Fibingerovoy. February 19, 1977, yena wathumela projectile kwi-20 m-50 cm. Isiphumo kakhulu enkundleni evulekileyo kwakhona endala-timer, nguye abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-9 kuphela ubudala kwaye ngaphezu kwama-13 cm. Lukamongameli yembaleki kwiSoviet Natalia Lisovskaya.

ezemidlalo abane-

World irekhodi - yinto incopho yothelekiso bonke abo bathatha inxaxheba kwezemidlalo kwinqanaba eliphezulu kuphela. Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, apho umdlalo - ephuhliswa noshishino abaninzi zokuzonwabisa, kwaye ebalulekileyo yenkuthazo zemali. Ibhonasi kunye nezibonelelo, ezo irekhodi-iimbaleki ihlabathi wavakalisa manani ebalulekileyo. Ngoko akukho ngozi kwi ngokutsiba ophezulu kunye yesithandathu - uhlobo apho ubude yabelwa Iimbaleki kunye nomqeqeshi - elona nani likhulu amalinge ngempumelelo ukuseka irekhodi elitsha ihlabathi. Edume Sergei Bubka - umbhali kweerekhodi zehlabathi-35, yaye Yelena Isinbayeva yaphakamisa bar kwirekhodi eliphezulu izihlandlo 28.