Oyile intsimi Prirazlomnoe kuLwandle Pechora

Kwihlabathi kukho na imimandla emininzi unexplored. Enye yezi ndawo - i-Arctic. Ukufundisisa Arctic yaqala ukususela kumaXesha Aphakathi. Uphuhliso kummandla kuyaqhubeka unanamhla. Ngaphezu 2/3 kwamabala yehlabathi Arctic oyile negesi nonxweme ibekwe kwindawo kwithala Russian. Akukho ngaphandle kunye Prirazlomnoye intsimi oyile kwi kuLwandle Pechora.

Imbali yeprojekthi

komhlaba endle Prirazlomnoe yafunyanwa ngo-1989. Utshintsho wolawulo zezopolitiko iyaluthintela uphuhliso dipozithi emiselweyo.

Kuphela 1993, umncedisi we "Gazprom" - "ROSSHELF" - ekuqaleni ukuzibandakanya kuphuhliso esebenzayo Prirazlomnoe. ukuhlola wejoloji amaqula ezintathu yaveliswa de 1994. Sele 1996, le nkampani iye yalungisa esi kwezoqoqosho kunye nobugcisa. Ngowe-1997, oko yamkele isicwangciso ukwakha iqonga esisigxina.

Ngowe-1998, xa uyilo eqongeni kweli nqanaba esebenzayo, bayifaka emkhenkceni umsebenzi ngenxa engagqibekanga kwezoqoqosho. Emva kweminyaka 5, le projekthi sele ilungiswe apha naphaya, kwaye inkampani entsha kolwakhe "Gazprom" - "Sevmorneftegas" - ukuba uqhube zokwakha. zokugcina ufakelo iqonga ixesha elide elinye ixesha. Eyokuqala kwisigaba sokwakha yagqitywa ekupheleni kuka-2010. Kwaye kuphela ekupheleni 2013th waqalisa ukuba ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo.

Iimpawu platform

Ummandla apho intsimi Prirazlomnoe - kwisithili Nefteyugansk of the Nenets Ukuzilawula District. Eli qonga ibekwe 60 km ukusuka nezwe.

Kuba uphuhliso entsimini elwandle iye Kwasekwa ngokukodwa yomgangatho ukuba akwazi ukusebenza kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, umkhenkce, imimoya enamandla kunye namaza olwandle. Ubunzulu apho imveliso ioli yenziwa - 20 m Iqonga lukhuselekile emhlabeni lulwandle sizinze.. Ubunzima iyonke loo nto, kuquka zokulinganisa, na iitoni 500,000. Ngokwesi sicwangciso iqonga izaba kukugrumba amaqula 36 ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba imveliso oyile yonyaka million 6.5 zeetoni.

isimo endle

zamabala Prirazlomnoe unique ngokwenene, ekubeni umsebenzi phezu nezokukhupha "igolide black" yenziwa phezu kwawo eqongeni, nkqu ebusika. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ubhaliso karhulumente zolwakhiwo mthetho Russian okwangoku ziphuhlisiwe.

Ngokutsho uMthetho Federal №187, iqonga - i zokwakha ngumntu kweshelfu zwekazi Russian Federation kule ndawo. YoLamlo Court of District eMoscow ngo-2009 wagqiba ekubeni ukuqaphela nezakhiwo zawo hydraulic ezisisigxina. Kwakhona ngo-2012 "Prirazlomnaja" obhalisiweyo ngangolwandle okokoko njengesitya iRejista Kweenqanawa Russia attributed kwizibuko Naryan-Mar.

iinkampani Management

Prirazlomnoe zamabala waqala ayenziwa ukususela ngo-1992 Le ishishini ezizodwa "ROSSHELF" yadalwa kulo nyaka. Imemorandam wayebunjwa iinkampani ezahlukeneyo malunga-20, abanye babo benza ukuhlola yasendle Shtokman. NgoMatshi 1993, JSC "ROSSHELF" wafumana mvume ukwenza imisebenzi wokuhlola, imigodi kunye ukulinganisela zolondolozo ioli.

Ukususela ngo-2001, inkampani "Gazprom" yaye "Rosneft" baqala ukuphuhlisa oyile negesi lidike i Yamalo-Nenets Ukuzilawula District, kuquka Prirazlomnoe endle. "Yuganskneftegaz" - umncedisi we "Rosneft" - ilawula ngasesitishini lokumpompa ukususela ngo-2006. Ngo-2002, inkampani "Sevmorneftegas" wafumana mvume ukusebenzisa iidipozithi oyile Prirazlomnoe. Ngo-2009, "Rosneft" wathengisa "Gazprom" zonke intshukumo "Sermorneftegaza" kwaye inkampani igama "Gazpromneftshelf". Ukususela ngo-2014 waba nkampani "Gazprom Neft".

yokugcina Iimpawu kunye nokuthuthwa yeoli

Amatanki ze-oli ekrwada ibekwe phaya ezantsi eqongeni - kule caisson. ekrwada technology yokugcina material ngokuba "kumanzi" kuba nokuba bokuzala itanki oyile nelihlala iyaphuphuma ngamanzi. Ioli engena itanki nge kwindlela - le diffuser. Xa ugcwalisa amanzi itanki uye wanyanzelelwa ngaphandle kwinkqubo zokulinganisa, enqamleza ukucoca ngakumbi. Amanzi ke ngoko kusetyenziswa bakunyanzelise kwemithombo ioli.

Kuba ukuthunyelwa yamafutha kweli dama igcwele ukusuka yokugcina amanzi enoxinzelelo. Ioli Impontshelwa ukusuka kumphezulu kwinkqubo yokuthumela kwisikhongozeli. Njengoko amanzi afakwe zokulinganisa lizele itanki.

Ukuhanjiswa ikhutshwa phandle ngokusebenzisa zidlula isiphekepheke ukuba balibeka eqongeni non-contact.

Amanyathelo okukhusela okusingqongileyo kunye iingxaki zokusingqongileyo

deposit Prirazlomnoe ibekwe kufutshane eziliqela kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo ngokukhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, lo mba lwendalo ioli njengangaphambili efanelekileyo.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba projekthi uthotho iimviwo, umonakalo wemo engqongileyo ebisasebenza. Ukunciphisa wazithwala phandle iqela lemisebenzi:

• phezu izixhobo imibhobho inani lwamanzi, kwi-80% unciphiso ukufa izilwanyana zaselwandle ezivumela phezulu;
• umsebenzi itotshi Ubusuku yancitshiswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze bawaphephe kunye neentaka eziphaphazelayo yi eqongeni.

Akukho yasendle yeoli banawo ukusuka izinto ekrwada iphalale ehlabathini. endle Prirazlomnoe iyaphuhliswa unyaka wonke, nkqu ebusuku ezibandayo. Oil omkulu nya ngokukhawuleza kummandla Arctic cishe kungenakwenzeka - inxenye iya ngokusebenzisa ngumkhenkce. Izixhobo impendulo kuchitheka phantse 1,000 yeekhilomitha ukusuka 'Prirazlomnaya "e Murmansk. Zokuthutha kwi kwindawo yengozi kunye neemeko zemozulu ezinzima.

intsimi Prirazlomnoe imbaxa eliphezulu-zobugcisa, nto leyo iqulathe iindlela ezininzi eziphambili ngenxa ukubhola, imveliso, ukuthuthwa ioli. uphuhliso lwayo kubaluleke kakhulu ingakumbi kuqoqosho Russian.