«Shell-C 1". izikhali Anti-moya kunye nenkqubo nompu (ZRPK) «iqokobhe-C1"

Ilizwe lethu iye yazuza elide udumo "mkhandi". Noko ke, njengoko usenako sibhekisele kwindlela ababephile wadala apho yayingeyiyo AK-47 itanki osindileyo T-54 kunye nezinye yobuciko? Yaye akumangalisi ukuba omtsha ezintsonkothileyo "Carapace-C 1" sele iminyaka eliqela emgceni lifumana umdla olukhulayo abathengi basemzini.

ulwazi Basic imbali

Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ingqikelelo kwezixhobo mtsha waqalisa noko kutshanje, ekuqaleni 1994. enye nje unyaka emva kokuba ubeko umboniso kwi kumboniso e Zhukovsky kwabonakala ngere- ukusebenza obu bugcisa. Emva koko, iingcali ezininzi avumelene phantse ngamxhelo mnye "Carapace-S 1" i idabi wokwenene entsimini lweenkqubo air yokhuselo emhlabeni.

Imbali olu hlobo kwezixhobo kakhulu yentle. Ukuphuhliswa ZRPK omtsha wayalelwa Tula Design Bureau kwakude kudala 1990, phambi kokuba kwawa eSoviet Union. Ekuqaleni, lo msebenzi imfihlelo phezulu, eziqhutywa phantsi ikhowudi igama "Roman". Bekucingelwa ukuba thekhinoloji entsha eza kusungulwa ukuze ngempumelelo ukukhusela kwizakhiwo S-300 radar air zokhuselo kunye nezitishi eziphambili emideni eli lizwe kaThixo.

Emva koko, ukusuka ezikhethiweyo emxinwa ezifana wala, emva koko isakhiwo udluliselwe njengoko imikhosi ilizwe, abeza kuyimfuneko kakhulu ukhuselo enokuthenjwa ziintsika hardware emkhosini hambo kwangaphambili wentshabalalo kweentlobo ezithile kwezikhali utshaba enokwenzeka. Ngelo xesha sele odolwa kwaye uguqulelo kuba Navy (yayiyilwe, esebenza kakuhle namhlanje). Uninzi impumelelo zakhiwo ngenxa yokuba wadalwa ngokusekelwe 2K22 odumileyo "Tunguska".

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ekuqaleni, le izixhobo zomkhosi (isithombe kwi material), kuye kwaba kude ecaleni ilungileyo. Ngexesha iimvavanyo kwenzeka ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubetha ithagethi kumgama ozikilometa nokuba embalwa, oko kukuthi, inkqubo radar akwanelisi kakhulu ukumelana nemisebenzi yazo. Ukongeza, emkhosini ziye ezininzi izikhalazo ezinxulumene ukuthembeka phantsi kweenkqubo ezininzi ufakelo.

Konyuka abasindisi of the UAE

Ngokuqinisekileyo akukho mfuneko ukuze uzikhumbuze ukuba yintoni imeko egqubayo kweli lizwe ngaloo minyaka. Nemali kwishishini ukuziphendulela yaba kangangokuba inkqubo "Roman" lwaye Eyisongile ngokupheleleyo, uphuhliso ngakumbi ayizange kuqhutywa. Kodwa yonke imihla wazi ukuba indlela enjalo iyafuneka, kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Sazi phi le mali?

Isimanga, kodwa imeko lilungiswa, "abahlobo efungelweyo" kwi-UAE. Bangena isivumelwano utyalo-mali kakhulu inzuzo. Kwaye oku nangona kweyesiqhelo inkqubo enomjukujelwa-gun umoya ukuziphendulela ezazikho ngelo xesha kuphela amaphupha developers! Enoba lwalunjani, kodwa imali sele isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona: uphuhliso lobugcisa baqhubeka okukhawulezileyo isantya, ngexesha lomsebenzi, kusekho ezininzi iimpazamo ngokuphandle zobugcisa sele ziphelisiwe.

Ngelo xesha kwacetyiswa ukuba kuza kuba mnandi ukudala entsonkothileyo qha. We zisetyenziselwa le njongo zonke efanayo "Tunguska". Ukongeza, i-Arabhu baye bavakalisa umnqweno version ohlatyiweyo yayisekelwe MAN waseJamani. Oku kungenxa yokuba kule nkampani basayine eninzi izivumelwano, njalo iintsimbi loo nezezixhobo zokusebenza aziyi kubakho iingxaki.

Noko ke, ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi eliphikisa kakhulu namahlakani American-Arabhu. ishishini Net: ngaphezu kwama-40% ngezikrweqe yemarike kwi UAE namhlanje bobabo iinkampani karhulumente, kwaye kakhulu abathandi ukulahlekelwa yimali ngenxa okhuphisana ngempumelelo ngakumbi.

Ngo-2006, iisethi eziliqela kuyilo efanayo kuthengiswe Aram. Kukho ubungqina bokuba ezinye ngaxesha lithile urhulumente waseSiriya wathumela Iran, kodwa Tehran ngokushushu omkhanyelayo naziphi ezinomnyinyivane kuyo.

Umahluko omkhulu kwezinye izakhiwo

Ngokungafaniyo nezinye iinkqubo ezifana inkonzo zasekhaya Army, le ndlela elo zixhonywe 8x8 semoto-sendawo. Oku kuvumela ukusetyenziswa "isikrweqe" kwiindawo apho izakhiwo ezinjalo phantsi amandla ayo abangakwaziyo ukufikelela. Indlela sakwazi ukufikelela intsebenzo kangaka?

Ukuze wenze oku njengesiseko iye imoto ukhethe "phambene-5323.4", ezimisela injini KAMAZ-7406. I-injini uye ethile yotshintsho, ngenxa apho amandla ayo lanyuka ukuya 260 enjini. Kutheni abayili babesebenzisa isisu semoto ezinamavili, nangona kwakusazeka kakuhle ukuba izithuthi cross-track axhome kakhulu? Yinto elula: kuba injongo ephambili "Carapace-C 1" - imiqolo technology ukhuselo ezisendleleni, kunye inshorensi nangasemva, ezi nkqubo kufuneka eninzi.

Kule meko, bekuya kuba engaqhelekanga ukwenza izixhobo ezixabisa. Yaye isibakala sokuba iitrektara qha kanye kule didi ngamalungu, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, akukho bani na. Ukongeza, le ndlela osela enzonzobileni amafutha, ezenza kwakhona Okwala ezintsonkothileyo ukuba unalo igunya yayo ukulandela imihlathi kulandelwe izixhobo zabo.

Iimpawu eziphambili "sikrweqe"

Kakade ke, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukubala ngumlimi intengiso elikhulu, kodwa "Carapace-C 1" asikwazi ngokwenene "phantsi emhlabeni" nayiphi moya okanye ntaka, enomjukujelwa wokuhlolwa okanye iziqhushumbisi zasemoyeni hola "smart", leyo abaxhobileyo kunye ingozi lutshaba. Ekubeni le complex kujongwe kwakhona lokuphelisa nya ekujoliswe emhlabeni, loo nto yenza ukuba uhlobo jikelele ngokwenene yezixhobo.

Yayingubani lowo wengcibi yokuluka ye zakhiwo?

Kwakhona, kunjalo yimikhuba oko ixilongo, ukuhlanganiswa izixhobo anti-moya kunaso enjalo ngaphezu akukho ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na inkqubo efana ehlabathini. Ngumdali obu bugcisa nguye umyili obalaseleyo Russian Arkady Shipunov. Ke ukutsho ukuba izixhobo zomkhosi yomkhosi Russian yenye yezinto eziphambili kakhulu ehlabathini.

Kuba yintoni injongo yayiyilwe "isikrweqe"?

Eyona njongo iphambili kolu hlobo kwezikhali kukukhusela zombini izixhobo zomkhosi iliso bangaphathwa emoyeni kwimigca wokhuselo phambili. Yintoni umahluko phakathi izixhobo Russian wamajoni oogxa babo bezinye iintlanga? umgangatho yayo lokwahlula kukukwazi ukuqhuba umlilo ngokukhawuleza kwi uhamba. Akukho nzima ukuba nomfanekiso yintoni ithemba wakuvulela: xa ikhatshwa ikholam izithuthi vehicles emkhosini akukho mfuneko ukuba ayeke yokugxotha kuhlaselo ngesiquphe ezivela emoyeni okanye emhlabeni.

Eyona complex kwezixhobo

Ezi mpawu efanayo ZRPK "Carapace-C 1"? Malunga iingalo zakhe umiselwe intlonelo incwa- nkqu iingcaphephe zomkhosi NATO.

Eyona kwezikhali engundoqo elinesibini imijukujelwa SAM 57E6, nto leyo kwilungiselelo ukubonakala kwazo efana ngamandla kuqhume ezifanayo 9M311 «Tunguska". Imvulophu eziphambili imijukujelwa bikalibernoy (ngamanye amazwi, ukuba yakhiwe izigaba ezibini). Le mveliso ifumaneka kwi ibakala lesibini, nto leyo abazahlulayo ngexesha esemoyeni: esi sisombululo ivumela isantya enkulu.

Xa eqala enomjukujelwa lekhefu une izantya eziphezulu kakhulu motion. Ngokubanzi, ZRPK «shell C-1" unako ukutshabalalisa abalibona ekujoliswe kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-12. Njengoko lokuphelisa nya ekujoliswe umoya, ukuba olunokusongamela i enomjukujelwa kwintaba ephakame iikhilomitha ukuya kwisibhozo. Inxalenye Intloko iqulethe isethi yonke ye elements umonakalo ngohlobo ngentonga, nobunzima zizonke buziikhilogram-20.

Kuba ezama umoya usetyenziswa ivili air-linamandla. Kuvakala ukuba isakhiwo nga uqhutyelwe kwangaxeshanye ekujoliswe emoyeni ezintathu ihambe kunye (ukuba kuyimfuneko) ukuba ndingabonakalisi.

zokudubula kwezikhali

Ke izixhobo zokudubula ZRPK "Carapace-C 1", oko akukho ngaphantsi umxhelo. Xa isekelwe ezimbini mm-30 2A72 umpu. Njengoko kwezinye iimeko ezininzi, iyasebenza a single-ekhethiweyo. iintlobo ezimbini amaqokobhe zenziwa kubo: weentonga ukugqojozwa eliphezulu-edubulayo (kuquka uhlobo sigade) kunye kuqhume neminikelo ezenziwe kwi qho ukukhetha, amabhanti ezimbini iCartridge ngaxeshanye. Njengezinye izixhobo Russian emkhosini, zoonke inkqubo luphawulwa ukuthembeka ephakamileyo maintainability, kunqabile ukuba nakanjani na.

Uyilo unit main yokulwa

Imodyuli oluphambili ibekwe phezu kophahla kwisisu semoto yenethiwekhi. Luquka ezi zixhobo zilandelayo: izikhongozeli kuqala Mawahlaziyeke ezi noTsure ezicwangciswe iibhloko ezimbini amathandathu imizili nganye. Bona zixhonywe kwicala kwezixhobo zokudubula. Kukho isikhululo radar, nto leyo yenzelwe kukufunyanwa nokulawulwa nenjongo, yaye inkqubo ehlukeneyo ukhokelo ngezikhali. Kakade ke, oko baxhotyiswa kunye nenkqubo anti-moya enomjukujelwa of FCS ezisemgangathweni (Fire Control System).

Kwisithuba umzimba zixhonywe isisu semoto, kukho kwakhona (oko kusengqiqweni) imisebenzi abashishini ezintsonkothileyo, athi abenoxanduva zonakekelo kwayo nolondolozo.

Izikhalazo ezivela kumqambi

Ngokutsho kubabhekisi phambili, le nkqubo anti-enomjukujelwa unalo ithuba elikhethekileyo ngokupheleleyo zokudubula kuzo zonke ezikhoyo iinkqubo kwezikhali kwi-ebhodini, kwaye kumacala ezininzi ngexesha elinye. "Carapace" uyakwazi ukubona ngexesha nokuphelisa iipleyini zemfazwe kunye ntaka phambi kokuba isicelo iinkqubo zabo izixhobo emoyeni, kwakunye imijukujelwa ekhokelwa ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo. Asikabi ngokudubula ukukhanya izithuthi vehicles kunye zabantu izihloko yotshaba.

Eyona engundoqo eziluncedo yenkqubo yolawulo lomlilo

Ekubeni ZRPK "Carapace" kufuneka ukhuseleko olusebenzayo, kwaye uphathwe kuzo zonke iimeko izixhobo zalo emkhosini, inkqubo yayo yolawulo umlilo luphawulwa nokumelana eliphezulu uqhushululu ezahlukeneyo. ukusebenza omkhulu onjalo kwaphunyelelwa yokudibanisa iinkqubo woqondo-elektroniki kunye radar ibe "yeMetro" single, ukusebenza infrared, decimeter kunye sentimitha, sentimitha kunye nawethu.

Le ZRPK "Carapace" imo radar umgangatho, unakho ngalo naliphi na ixesha unike imvula imijukujelwa mabini iinkqubo target elibhaqiweyo. Kufuneka ngokukhethekileyo kuqatshelwe ukuba izixhobo umkhondo akuxhomekekanga kuphela luphawulwa ukuthembeka obalaseleyo, kodwa unako ngaxeshanye ukulandelela iinjongo nje kweshumi elinesibini. Precision isikhokelo kujoliswe 0.4 izidanga azimuth. Kwikona ye-nani degrees 0.7. Ukuba sithethe malunga nokuchaneka units eqhelekileyo metric, ubuncinane Ubhaqo ekujoliswe uluhlu kweemitha ezingama-50 kuphela.

ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwisistim automated ngokupheleleyo, kungekuphela nje ukubona kujoliswe, kodwa kwakhona ukunika inkcazelo ebanzi ngenkqubo yaso nesantya. Ukongeza, imo yokusebenza ngaphandle kwenethiwekhi, eli izixhobo zomkhosi efanayo (ifoto into iphepha) uyakwazi ukukhetha uhlobo kakhulu efanelekileyo imeko, izixhobo kunye nokuzeyisa ukwabela imowudi oyifunayo lomlilo.

ezinye ezintsha

Kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba ngo-2005 Tula iingcibi abaye bachitha iinzame kakhulu ukuphucula ezintsonkothileyo, kangangokuba le izixhobo zomkhosi yomkhosi Russian kuye kwayinto kuthembeka ngakumbi yaye igqibeleleyo. Le ndawo ke ngoko umsebenzi kakhulu iye yenziwa kwi-ebhodini iinkqubo zekhompyutha, ukuba "isikrweqe" mihla ngeendlela ezininzi njengobuchule bohluke kuzo ngokupheleleyo.

Namhlanje, amajoni enomjukujelwa, izixhobo qho leyo yenziwe uvandlakanyo, yiba "isikrweqe" ezintsha. osemqoka lwabo lokwahlula na umsebenzi unikezelo ezenzekelayo: ukuba iiyunithi ezininzi zidityaniswe kwi ibhetri, omnye koomatshini ngokuzenzekelayo kuzakujika ngqwayi. computer yakhe ihlaziya iinkcukacha eziphambili, uze emva koko athumele ukuba "abaphantsi" zabo.

Oku kwakusenzelwa ukuba kube lula ukuba ubhaqo olusebenzayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokupheliswa neenjongo ezichongiweyo. Umyalelo Centre uyakwazi kuthunyelwa ngokuzenzekelayo kungekuphela phakathi koomatshini ekujoliswe kulo ibhetri, kodwa ukuyenza kangangoko ngendlela eyiyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngamafutshane, le-odolo lokuvula umlilo enikwa umatshini enye, nto leyo ibekwe kwindawo efanelekileyo kwaye siyingenelo kwebhola.

"Ezakhiwe"

Le rocketry zomkhosi ezinye iingcali ebizwa "abayili", kwaye ngenene tye kulo. Isibakala sokuba 'sikrweqe "yakhelwe mzobo block, inxalenye nangaliphi na ixesha na indawo iisampulu ezifanelekileyo ngakumbi imeko. Kulula ukucinga ukuba bhetyebhetye ezinjalo kunokuba luncedo kwiimeko real ukulwa. Ukucinga ukuba iyunithi yolawulo iye ndafumana elaqhekeka ukuba bayathetha ngayo iteknoloji ubudala, kuya kufuneka ukuba silinde yalila yokulungisa.

Kwimeko 'iintonga "labasebenzi yakhe indawo iyunithi eyonakeleyo wena, ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha elininzi. Ngaloo ndlela, "Carapace Nge 1", nto leyo eye ifoto kweli nqaku, ungenza ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze abuyele kwimeko ukulwa lokulungela ngokupheleleyo.

Kakade ke, uyilo block lulunge kakhulu kwaye ngokwemiqathango ukuguqulwa ngakumbi. Ukususela ngoku akukho mfuneko ukuba adlulisele isakhiwo yonke kwi ziko wokulungisa: ibhloko okuphelelweyo, ibe indawo imodeli ehlaziyiweyo ngqo endle. Yonke into yenziwa xesha lifutshane kangangoko, leyo ukubanjwa kuphela liqembu eyodwa kwiimeko ezininzi le msebenzi.

Njengabanye izixhobo Russian kunye nezixhobo emkhosini, "Carapace" umi kwinkonzo kuphela kwilizwe lethu kodwa amaninzi kumazwe kuMbindi Mpuma. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nyaka ngamnye onomdla kuphuhliso ngabathengi uya kwandisa kuphela. Okwangoku, uvavanyo udlula ukulungiswa polar le "isikrweqe", nto leyo eyenzelwe ukukhusela iziseko Russian Arctic.