-IL 112: iimpawu kunye nemveliso

Park ohambisa Russian Air Force abasanda ngokukhawuleza. Oku akakwazi ukushiya xa ebona abaphathi isebe wokhuselo abanomdla ukushukumiseka iphezulu imikhosi exhobileyo. Aircraft eminyaka wakhonza umkhosi "angamahashe okusebenza" ngokuthe ngcembe ziguge phantsi, izahlulo indawo baba ubomi nkonzo iyafumaneka kancinci kwaye zithembeke bonke isemoyeni ayikho engenasiphelo. Inkqubela technology nayo inegalelo neemfuno zokukhula zombini iziphathi iliso kunye nabalingane babo emkhosini. Wonke ilinde-moya entsha, kwaye kukho isizathu abanye bakholelwa ukuba "idrafti amandla" omtsha iza kuba IL-112. Nangoku ayikho "kwi metal", ikho kuphela ephepheni, kodwa kumaxesha ethu zobugcisa, yonke yenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Ngu isemoyeni ku Ilyushin

Kwi-USSR, uphuhliso moya zothutho ngokwemveli baxoxa CB DC Isemoyeni, leyo kwikomkhulu Ukrainian Kiev. Oleg K. watshintshelwa elikomkhulu yiSoviet Ukraine ngo-1946 e-naseNovosibirsk, apho wakwazi isebe ka Yakovlev Design Bureau. Apha isemoyeni udale moya ezininzi ezintle, uninzi lwazo namhlanje zijikeleza iingqimba zamafu ngaphezulu kwamazwe ico kunye ezikude. Aba matshini ke zithembekile, intle yaye "lula" ukuze pilot, bona "ukuxolela" ezinye iimpazamo zolawulo.

Emva kokuba Ukuwa kweUSSR CB kubo. DC Isemoyeni waba Ukrainian, nokusombulula iingxaki imikhosi exhobileyo Russian entsimini yothutho ngomoya wakhula ukusuka komnye unyaka ukuya komnye ngakumbi nzima ngakumbi. Ukongeza nepolitiki Wanciphisa unobangela iziphako ezininzi zobugcisa. Enoba lwalunjani, inkokheli Russian uye wamisela ithagethi: ukwakha moya ngokwabo, ngaphandle ukuthembela nabathengisi abavela kwamanye amazwe kunye nababhekisi phambili. Inxalenye yale sicwangciso kufuneka ibe Il-112, iimpawu zazo (ingakumbi, umthamo tonnes ezintandathu) iza kuthatha indawo ngempumelelo fleet olunzulu AN-26, AN-24T, AN-32 kunye nezinye oomatshini ukuba bakhonze umkhosi yethu eminyaka.

criteria zomkhosi

Ngeminyaka yee-nineties, umbuzo re moya zothutho sele kwakukubi kakhulu. Eyona contenders ezingundoqo unikezelo imodeli esisiseko ukukhanya-umsebenzi-moya esitsha (okt 5-6) ababini. Ukrainian An-140 kwi-customers yonke Russian weza, kodwa iqela izikhombisi na ukwanelisa ngokupheleleyo kubo. Ngokukodwa, inkokheli mkhosi eye baphikelela imfuneko kwiziphambuka, apho waba nethamsanqa kakhulu kwi An-26, yaye zombini isithambeka kunye nendlela nokuphakamisa.

Enye imfuneko enkulu yaba ithuba ukusebenza kwi-moya yakhona. Ukuze ngezinga elikhulu ezi parameters lowu wu fanaka ukuya IL-112, ngaphandle omnye kuphela. Ukrainian An-140 sele ndawonye, oko iphathwayo, kodwa moya Russian yayikhona kuphela ephepheni kunye lwawo.

schematics Total

Indlela noshowo kwaye udandalaziso umdla kwenziwa nabaqambi inkampani "Il'yushin". Konke oko kwakulungile (kwaye oku eninzi) i "nguAnton" baye baba. Ukuze ubone oku, lwanele ukuthelekisa formula yokugqibela moya ezimbini CB --IL-114 ze-IL-112. Eyokuqala (endleleni, yena akazange yimpumelelo kakhulu) unalo classical "ILYUSHIN" scheme, esibonakala yi ezisezantsi iphiko kunye nacelles amabini, nokuba ukuwuphumeza IL-12, yaye zingajikelezi cross-kwicandelo fuselage (monocoque). Le wesiphaluka, nto, lu dityanisiwe "Douglas" DS-3, sasetyenziswa kuyilo IL-18 kunye IL-38.

moya isemoyeni KB ezinye iimpawu ezingundoqo: iphiko eliphezulu unalo indawo Motors ngaphantsi lanqunyanyiswa, icandelo fuselage iqulathe Ngaphezulu, kufutshane semicylinder, nasezantsi - phantse tyaba (monocoque). Nantso into IL-112. Amafoto kunye nomlinganiselo zibonisa ukuba moya iingcamango sakufutshane AN-24 nokulungalungiswa yayo elandelayo (AN-26, AN-30 kunye AN-32).

Kakade ke, oku akusiko zokuveza. kokuba iphuhliswe uyilo moya nganye, esekelwe iinkcukacha, kunye neembono jikelele iya kukhokelela ukuvela moya kubonakala efanayo, nokuba imbonakalo yabo kuyimfihlo. Yitsho ukuba "ILYUSHIN" ukopishe into ukusuka 'Antonovites' akunakwenzeka. Ngaphezu koko, ukuba naziphi ozikhethayo Ababanga ifunyenwe.

Qaphela ukuba iingxaki benza -IL 112 ukuya ekuqaleni kweprojekthi.

Iingxaki ezisebenzayo kwimveliso

engaphezu kwamashumi amabini eyadlulayo, ngowe-1993, imodeli moya umzobo yayinikezelwe ingxoxo yiKomishoni karhulumente. Emva konyaka, emva kokukhutshwa umthetho karhulumente, kwaye kwaqalisa ekuyileni iinguqulelo zayo zombini - ezothutho emkhosini umkhweli.

Ingcamango yokuqala yaba ukudibanisa imigudu kwiinkampani ze-oyile Bashkir kunye nabenzi moya. Xa isityalo Kumertau (kukho ukwakha ntaka "Ka") nekucetywa ukuba uqalise omnye, "moya", umgca ngemali le projekthi ngokusebenzisa intengiso hydrocarbon. Xa umoya "nineties owenkawu 'yale nkqubo, ebabeke ngedinga impumelelo ekuqaleni, ngelishwa, ayizange isebenze.

iingcali CB isigqibo ukwandisa imveliso ye-IL-112 e Voronezh, i mveliso moya VASO. Yinzondelelo weqela negalelo uloyiso kukhuphiswano BBC, apho imoto entsha kwafuneka ukumelana nokhuphiswano ezinkulu neenkampani zothutho, uye wadala ezi iinkosi of ubugcisa babo - Sukhoi, MIG, Tupolev ASTC kunye wokulinga Machine Building Plant. VM Myasishcheva. Kwakubonakala ukuba impumelelo ikufuphi.

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Bayahlelwa Il-112, kunjalo, kwamiswa nzima. Kwelinye icala, sungula ngempumelelo uthotho yezizathu nomsindo zezopolitiko neyeziko. umthuthi Heavy maxesha olunzulu yeprojekthi Il-76MD-90A ukufunxa kakhulu-mali mali, njalo njalo abaphuhlisi ngoko Ukuzikhusela UMphathiswa Serdyukov iye kucetywa ukuba afune zabo imithombo mali. Le ngxaki iye kwaziwa ukuba nzima, ukuba abe isisombululo, njengoko imarike zoPhapho beza okhuphisana angaphandle, kwaye ngenxa yoko, enyanisweni, moya eyenzelwe (okt order zomkhosi) akazange ukuba imali. Kwelinye icala, waqala enye ngeenxa yorhwebo kwezopolitiko Ukraine phezu koko efanayo AN-140.

iingxaki technical

Nangona kunzima ri karhi lokukhulisa imali xa ingekho inkxaso-mali karhulumente, inkampani "Ilyushin" ukuyisombulula ngayo. Zeprojekthi zibandakanyiwe kwi zikarhulumente izivumelwano sokuzithethelela umhla we-moya yokuqala. Wamiselwa ngo-2008, yaye emva koko wafudukela th-2010. Imfuno yonyaka eqikelelwayo kwi iziqwenga 18.

Kodwa lo mhla ababhekisi ayikwazanga ukunika isiphumo. Kwakukho izizathu ezininzi, yaye kuphela yobugcisa endalweni. Nangona kunjalo, le ibalulekileyo kukuba amahlakani (igama zesityalo Klimov) ayiphumelelanga ukubonelela injini ezifanelekileyo Il-112.

Iimpawu zixhomekeka powerplant moya. Amandla afunekayo lo moya, 3.5 amawaka. Hp (2 x 1,75 th.), Yaye "Klimovskii" TV7-117ST motor kuphuhliswa 1.4 kuphela amawaka. Ukuze ubonise iziphumo ezifunekayo, llu omtsha naswela 700 "amahashe".

ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga moya

Ngoko ke, ngoku ke into ephambili, oko kukuthi, ukuba enye i-IL-112. Le monoplane metal ihlangene riveted iiyunithi eziphambili ezenziwe titanium kunye duralumin ngqo, ezinye izinto ezenziwe ngezinto ahlanganisiweyo. Wing indawo ephezulu, kunye nemidumba ezimbini, izinga eliphezulu oomatshini, ukunciphisa detox brake run-out phaya. Le fuselage yahlulwe kwiindawo ezintathu. icandelo impahla (kwakunye nazo zonke ezinye) itywiniwe. Empennage T-ezimile. Ucango kungqinelane kwiziphambuka, ithambeka kunye kwiziphambuka sele ngasemva. Kwisisu semoto iye ezinde ezintlanu, bafikela engundoqo arhoxe kwi maqhuqhuva ecaleni emacaleni.

ukusebenza flight

Isantya indiza entsha iya kuba malunga iyafana naleyo AN-24 kunye AN-26 - 480 (ingami) ukuya 550 km / h. Isilingi - 7600 m, umgama - ku-1000 km, kodwa kakhulu ukuphucula andize kunye nokusebenza kokwehla. Ukuze ukubhabha, Ilu ifuna ubude CPA ka-870 m ukuze uhlale phantsi -. 600 m avionics utshintsho omkhulu ukufumene. Kuthathwa ukuba izixhobo iya kuba yeyona mihla. Impahla isithuba gumbi, amandla ayo lidlula ubungakanani umthwalo ukuba kuthuthwa AN-140.

Lihle kangakanani?

-IL 112 --moya ayikho egqibeleleyo, kodwa angatsho ngokuzithemba ukuba mhle. iinjini indawo Wayinyamekela zasekhaya VK-3500 in iinguqulelo ezithile isakhiwo ukuze enze moya zothutho umsebenzi, nkqu abe isakhono ethile kumazwe angaphandle. A Uhlobo olutsha bomashini iminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, amalungu anomdla ukuba semkhosini Indiya kunye elihle ncedo uhlolisise kuyo kunye nezinye abathengi nomdla. Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba namhlanje, loMphathiswa wethu lezoKhuselo akusekho lolwandle amathemba ngentsebenziswano isiqhamo kunye namaqabane Western, ukuyeka ingqalelo yabo kwezobugcisa zasekhaya. Ayikho mihla esinayo namhlanje, kodwa ixesha liyaphela.

iindaba ezilungileyo

Le projekthi sabhiyozela unyaka wamashumi amabini, oko kubizwa ngokuba zokwakha ixesha elide. Kuyenzeka ukuba amanye imeko imeko yezopolitiko le projekthi iza masongezwe kuluhlu izimvo kungaqatshelwanga, Noko ke, ukukhuthaza iindaba kutshanje ngokunjalo. Il-112 baya kuziswa ukuba engqondweni, naphezu odolo ngqo nguMongameli Russian Federation. Ngomnye ubogqitha bonke eklasini zayo, nemveliso yayo iya kuba yindlela enkulu ekukhuliseni ishishini moya yasekhaya. Kuya kuthatha imali kwaye baya kwabelwa.

Samara "Aviacor" iya kuba sisiseko esingundoqo eziza kwakhiwa Il-112. Ngowe-2014, ngaloo ndlela waba isigqibo bayahlelwa moya. Kuyathenjwa ukuba emva ezona kweminyaka emithathu, uya balekelani yayo yokuqala.

Esi sigqibo senziwa emva kokuba kutshintshwe ingqiqo moya zothutho - ezizezi, ukuqokelelwa zonke imveliso kunye noyilo amandla kwisakhiwo enye. Kodwa ke, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba ibe kungekudala kakhulu ukuba ukubhala off iinqwelomoya amagqala. Ukuphuculwa zoyilo moya eSoviet wazama yaye ayinyaniso ukunika ixesha ukuphuhlisa uzise kwinqanaba ezinqwenelekayo moya entsha, nto leyo eya kuthatha indawo yawo.