Imisebenzi ephambili yefilosofi njengembono yehlabathi

Uninzi lwabantu abava ilizwi elithi "ifilosofi", kubonakala ukuba le nto ibude nobomi boqobo, uhlobo oluthile lokuqonda. Kodwa kukho imbono eyahlukileyo, echaza ukuba ifilosofi incedo kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka isebenze iminqweno yoluntu, urhulumente, unqulo, isizwe njalonjalo. Nangona kunjalo, umcimbi kawonkewonke osebenza kwiimfuno zezopolitiko, uqoqosho, uluntu okanye urhulumente nje liyingxenye yesafilosofi, kwaye ihlala iphosakele, ibizwa ngokuba yi-ideology. Kodwa imisebenzi ephambili yefilosofi ayinanto enxulumene nale nto - njengokuba isazi sefilosofi sasendulo samandulo, uMartin Heidegger, sabhala , ayifundisi nto, ngaphandle kokuba ufundisa ukucinga ngomzekelo wakhe.

Ifilosofi yinxalenye yendalo yenkcubeko yabantu, njengezesayensi, umthetho, ubugcisa, imigaqo. Ukongezelela koko, ezininzi zeendlela ezikhankanywe apha ngasentla zaphuma kulo. Okokuqala, ifilosofi yazalwa kwimizamo yoluntu ukuze ichaze kwaye ifanise ihlabathi elijikelezile (ngokomoya nangokwenene kwegama). Amava kwimbali yefilosofi, ehlala iminyaka engamawaka amathathu, kunye nokuthambekela okuhambelanayo kunye nokufumanisa kwekhulu le-20, baye bafumanisa imisebenzi eyintloko yefilosofi. Ingundoqo yabo ikhona kwiingxaki zefilosofi ezibuza imibuzo kwaye ziphakamisa iingxaki ezifumana ihlabathi ngokupheleleyo.

Kwisakhelo sesakhiwo solwazi lwefilosofi, le mi sebenzi ihambelana kakhulu kwaye iqhubana. Xa ulwazi lwefilosofi lizama ukuxazulula ingxaki yokuba yinto enjalo, imikhosi eqhubayo, intsingiselo yayo kunye neefom, imigaqo-siseko kunye neendidi ezisisiseko, ngoko ufezekisa umsebenzi we-ontological. Nangona igama elithi "i-ontology" ngokwalo lwenziwa kwiintetho zesayensi kuphela ngekhulu le-17, ukuhlukahluka okuhlukeneyo kokubakho kwaphuhliswa kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa imisebenzi esemqoka yefilosofi ayipheli apho. Ubuncinane, indima yayo ye-intological and cognitive ayinakulinganiswa.

Ifilosofi, eqinisweni, ayikho isixa solwazi lwesayensi, njengesayensi ethile. Kodwa iphakamisa umbuzo wendlela i-theoretical, kubandakanywa ukuqonda kwengcali yesayensi , inokwenzeka . I-Epistemology iphenya iingxaki, imithombo, amathuba okuqonda, imilinganiselo yokunokwenzeka kwayo kunye nenyaniso, kwaye iphakamisa umbuzo wobunye kunye nokwahlukana kolwazi nokuqonda. Imisebenzi ephambili yefilosofi ibandakanya umsebenzi obalulekileyo wolwazi njengesayensi yendlela. Le yimfundiso yemigaqo yokuqondwa kwehlabathi kunye neziganeko zalo, kunye neendlela zokutyhila rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimfundiso zefilosofi ziyabona ukuba ihlabathi linokukwazi, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuba indlela ayikhokeli inyaniso.

Imisebenzi ephambili yefilosofi ayifumaneli kuphela ukuqonda iingcamango zobuchule zobomi bomntu. Enye yeendima zayo ezibalulekileyo yi praxeological, ehambelana nokuhlaziywa kwabantu, uluntu kunye nenkcubeko. Uphuhliso lwayo lwenziwa njengesisombululo sefilosofi yembali, inkolo, i-aesthetics, imigaqo-nkqubo, ezopolitiko kunye njalo. Umsebenzi okhethekileyo waphuma kwakhona: ifilosofi yexabiso. Le ngongoma malunga nemigaqo ebaluleke kakhulu. Bayijonga ubunjani bezenzo ezahlukeneyo zabantu, kunye neendlela zokubahluko phakathi kokulungileyo nokubi, kunye nokukhetha phakathi kwabo. Indima yexikethi yefilosofi kukuba ihlola iingcamango zabantu kunye neengcamango, ukuvelisa amava okomoya ngokwezizukulwana ezininzi, ukunika ixabiso kunye nehlabathi jikelele kunye nesilumkiso malunga nokuwahoxisa.

Ekubeni zonke iingxaki zefilosofi ziguqulelwa kwi-prism yombono womntu, ahlukekiyo kwinkqubo yezintlu ezifana nokholo, uthando, ukuziphatha, isimo sengqondo ngokufa, njalonjalo. Ubume bembono luboniswe ngolu hlobo njengengqondo ebalulekileyo okanye isimo sengqondo.

Ngokusekelwe kulolu hlobo, ukujonga ngentsingiselo yomntu kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe kokomoya kunye noluntu kunokutshintsha. Ngoko, indlela yokunyaniseka ibona umntu njengepopethi yokutshabalalisa, kwaye ukuzithandela, ngokuchaseneyo, uthetha inkululeko epheleleyo yomntu. Yingakho umsebenzi wefilosofi wefilosofi nayo ibaluleke kakhulu. Kungatsholwa ukuba le mi sebenzi ebalulekileyo, eyayigxininisa kwiminyaka emininzi yembali yefilosofi, isigxina, "i-invariant", kwaye inika into ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni ulwazi oluhlukeneyo lwezobufilosofi.