Nguwuphi u-Lorentz amandla?

Nguwuphi u-Lorentz amandla? Khawucinge nje ngendawo ephazamisa imigca yokuxhatshazwa kwintsimi ye- electromagnetic. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na intlawulo yombane ekhoyo kule ndawo (le nto ingaba yincinci yepulamente okanye umzimba ohlawulisiweyo), kuya kuchaphazeleka nguF, obizwa ngokuba ngu "Lorentz force". Esinye sezihlandlo ezibalulekileyo ukukhawuleza kweengqungquthela. Ngamanye amazwi, intlawulo iselula. Kukho umlinganiselo wokuqulunqwa kwamanani okubaluleka kwayo:

F = Q * (E + ((1 / c) * v) * B),

Ukuthi i-Q yintoni inkokhelo; E ngumandla wendawo yamandla; B ubukhulu bomhlaba wamagnetic; Ngaba ukuhamba kwe-particle ephethe ihlawuliso; C isantya esiphezulu sokukhanya.

Le ngenye yeengcamango. Kukho umbhalo obunzima kakhulu ovumela umntu ukuba acinge ukuba amandla kaLorntz alingana nani, ulawulo lwabavakeli kunye nezakhono zabo nazo ziyaqwalaselwa.

Njengoko sele kubonisiwe (kwaye kunokubonwa kwi-formula), imeko efunekayo isindululo. Inyaniso kukuba xa ihlawuliso ihamba ngenxa yokusebenzisana nentsimi, kukho i- EMF (i-electromotive force). Kwaye akunandaba nantoni na uhlobo lwempembelelo eqalise ukunyakaza (ukunyanzelisa, isenzo senkokhelo komnye nomnye, njl.).

Xa kuthelekiswa namanye amathonya, amandla kaLorntz ahambelana ngqo kunye nezigqibo zeLenz kwaye uthobela uMthetho walo. Makhe sikhumbule into ebalulekileyo yokugqibela. Isenzo esenziwa ngumbane we-electromotive kwintlawulo ehambayo kwintsimi isoloko ikhompyutheni ngale ndlela (le yinyani yemveliso) ukukhusela nayiphi na utshintsho ekukhawulezeni.

Singaxelela ukuba amandla kaLorntz anqunywe yi-Coulomb ukusebenzisana kweerhafu kunye nezinye izongezo ezongezelelweyo ezinxulumene nenkqubela-isenzo samandla ombane kunye nombane wamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukucacisa iinkqubo ezenzekayo, imodeli elandelayo isetyenzisiweyo: kwi- magnetic field kunye ne-vector B, kukho indawo yecandelo lomqhubi we-L kunye ne-S section cross-sectional S, apho i-current flow section. Oko kukuthi, ngesivinini v). Ngenxa yoko, amandla okufunwa (uLorntz) ngumlinganiselo wamandla angaphandle asebenza kuwo ngamnye ophethe umrhumo kumthamo womqhubi ngokuqwalaselwa kwinani leetyala.

Ukuba sibheka ubungakanani bee vector, amandla kaLorntz ahlala ehamba phambili kwiindlela zokuhamba kunye nokuqulunqwa. Unokwenza lula ukuba uqikelele ukuqhelaniswa kwayo, ukuba usebenzisa umthetho owaziwayo wesandla sasekhohlo. Ukwenza oku, umntu makabeka ngengqondo yesandla sokunxele eceleni komqhubi ukuze iminwe emine ibonise indlela esetyenziswa ngayo umbane wamanzi, kwaye i-vector insimu yintsimi isingeniso kwisandla sesandla. Ngenxa yoko, isithupha (i-angle engqinelana nabanye) iya kubonisa i-vector yamandla esebenza kwiintlawulo. Enye yeempawu zalo mandla kukuba utshintshe kuphela isiqulatho se velocity vector nganye inqununu, ngaphandle kokutshintsha amandla okunyuka (amandla kinetic).

Emva kwexesha emva kokufumanisa, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla eLorntz kwafunyanwa. Enye yezona zidumileyo ukubonakaliswa kwayo kwintsebenzo yeHolo. Kungenxa yalo mcimbi ukuba ishintsho ishintshi kunye nokubonakala kwendawo yokuqhuba (itayiti). Impembelelo yeHolo iyasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zokulinganisa kunye nezixhobo. Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuphawula umgaqo we-CRT CRTs, osebenzisa umonakalo ogqithisileyo wensimu yamagnetic kwi-particle ehambayo ehambayo: ii-electron ezikhutshwe ngama-electrode ("izibhamu") phezu komhlaba ohlanganiswe ne-phosphor zilahlekisiwe kwiindawo ezichazwe ngokuchanekileyo ngenxa yokusebenzisana kwemigca yamandla enkqantosi kunye nentlawulo yokuhamba .