Ngenxa uhambo ubukho Magellan ngayo yona iye yasekwa? Le hambo of kuFerdinand Magellan

Ngaphandle isibindi romantics, bamazwe kunye nabathandi zehlabathi ezintsha bekuya kuba yindinisa. Kwaye ihluke, ngokuba kuninzi ze vuleka, sasingaziwa, hayi yasungulwa.

Ixesha of eendawo kwesayensi

Inkxaso-ixesha laxa bamazwe wavutha iindlela ezintsha bafumana kumazwekazi kunye iziqithi, batshintsha imaphu yehlabathi. Ndawagqubuthela ilixa lamathuba ezininzi:

• Ekuqaleni, xa oomatiloshe babeqhele ukuya Indian kunye Atlantic Ocean, kwiMeditera, koLwandle iBaltic, uLwandle Mthubi noLwandle Black, weza Afrika yaye benza iimephu echanileyo kwezi ndawo.
• Avareji, xa yalivulayo kwilizwekazi American, safumana indlela ulwandle ukusuka eYurophu ukuya Asia, wenza umjikelo wokuqala umhlaba wafumanisa Australia.
• Kamva, ngexesha apho wafunda North-West Melika, Antarctica, ulwandle.

Phakathi elinesihlanu-elinesixhenxe eminyaka ngokuba ixesha obafunyanwa ezinkulu. Ethetha xesha, singasathethi igama Umatiloshe, owaba negalelo kwinzululwazi mihla. Le Magellan Fernando, le ndoda wabonisa ukuba uMhlaba sphere.

biography emfutshane of Magellan

F. Magellan (Magalyaynsh) wazalelwa ePortugal ngowe-1470. Kodwa ke impumelelo esingundoqo inzululwazi phantsi kweflegi Spanish. Kwafika mfana kwintsapho ezindilekileyo, ngoko ndafumana imfundo elungileyo, nokuziqhelisa Navy. Phezu umhlala-phantsi wakhe, Magellan Fernando safudukela eSpeyin, apho ke kundululwa ukuba uKumkani uhambo idrafti, emva abaninzi bacinga zamkelwe okwangoku. Kwaye uhambo leenqanawa ezintlanu waya uhambo odumileyo.

Ngeli hambo yabhaqwa aza alicanda unxweme Umzantsi Melika, Strait wasezantsi, apho kamva wafumana igama lakhe, toothfish Cordillera. nabasemzini Indlela baluwela lwePasifiki, nto leyo ngaphambili zange kuhamba iinqanawa e-Europe, Guam, kwiiPhilippines. Kukho imfazwe kunye balapho wabulawa Fernando, kodwa iqela lakhe kuye into enkulu.

Ngenxa yoko, yafunyanwa uhambo Magellan ubukho iilwandle bengatshatanga zabonisa ukuba iplanethi i imilo ibhola. Kodwa olu lwazi yavavanywa kuluntu kakhulu kamva.

Strait of Magellan

Indlela Magellan kunye neqela lakhe baqalisa September 20, 1519. inqanawa encinane inyanda lamaqhosha ezintlanu, ibithwele abantu 265, waya elwandle. Ingqwayi-ngqwayi yenqanawa wasebenzisa indlela yakhe ekhethekileyo kweesiginali eyayibenza zonke iinqanawa ukuba bahlale ndawonye. Fernando wayefuna ukuwela Atlantic, ngoko ngeenxa ekupheleni kukaDisemba, waya kufika Rio de la Plata. Ngaphezu kwenyanga awayeyizondelele yokudlulela kuLwandle South, kodwa kwanyanzeleka ukuba ahlale ubusika. imikhombe emithathu avusa uqhushululu, kodwa zicinezelwa kabuhlungu. Ngenxa uhambo Magellan obumiselweyo ubukho ulwandle olunye, kwafunyanwa lexinene, kunye hambo yaqhubeka. Noko ke, elinye uthiwe ke zasuka zatshona, kunye nezinye bamshiya.

Ukufa inkokeli

Ekupheleni kukaNovemba 1520 wayenothotho wangena kuLwandle South, leyo kuthiwa Pacific Ocean, kuba lo gama kuqubha kulo ugcine imozulu elungileyo. iinyanga ezine iqela esetyenziselwe kolwandle, ukuba nganeno ngaseludinini ukusinda. Yendlala, nangokhwekhwe, izinga lokusweleka eliphezulu - yiloo nto kufuneka abathathi-nxaxheba ukuba iphumele yohambo yokuqala ehlabathini jikelele. Ekugqibeleni, lo hambo ka uFerdinand Magellan waba Nqabakazi Philippine. Apho, abantu baseSpeyin ibhengeze lo siqithi ubambe uKumkani wabo lufuna ukoyisa.

Kodwa abantu bendawo ukuba ezinye izicwangciso. Umlawuli Cebu kusolwa isidlo imbeko yabasemzini apho wahlasela abamenywa bakhe. wabulala komdlalo ngokwakhe Magellan. Iqela lihambe liye nabo emikhombeni, kodwa abantu abanayo ngokwaneleyo, ngoko omnye iinqanawa batshise.

Le njongo sifikelelwe?

Sonke siyazi ngoku ukuba ngenxa uhambo Magellan obumiselweyo ubukho ulwandlekazi esinye planethi enxulumene sezingxakini kunye nemijelo. Kodwa isiqithi esiqholiweyo, elalise esasihamba indlela yakhe, kodwa babesaqhubeka ulahlekile.

Malunga neenyanga ezine iinqanawa zazizihambela iilwandle de lawela kwisiqithi Tidore. Apha, ukudibanisa solunye, kwaye uthenga carnation, le nqanawa baqhubeka nohambo lwabo. Kodwa ke ahlukana: okhokelwa entshonalanga ihamba Afrika kunye namanye amabanjwa ukuze ilungiswe. "Victoria" sele igqityiwe yokuqala ehlabathini ukhenketho yehlabathi kaSeptemba 6, 1522. Sihamba ushiye bonke elinesibhozo abantu. Kwakuba mzuzwana, e-Spain Return abantu elinesixhenxe kwibhodi "Trinidad". Ukuthengisa nobulawu, iqela wahlawula zonke iindleko kohambo olude.

endaweni yokuba UYobi

Ixabiso lokuqala abahambahambayo gqitha. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ngenxa uhambo Magellan obumiselweyo ubukho kolwandle. Oomatiloshe esebenzisekayo isibakala sokuba iplanethi yethu umhlaba ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Igama namagorha Portuguese wababiza nje ukuvula Akuse lwePasifiki, kodwa namacandelo amabini inkwenkwezi okhankanywe yi Antonio Pifachetta, ilungu hambo kunye mbali yayo. Matiloshe iinoveli zanikezelwa kunye nophando.

Kodwa ukuba uhambo lizise inzuzo emva kokuba yena nentsapho yakhe? Wafa ngexesha nohambo, xa wayezama, ezifana conquistadors, boyise abahlala ZePhilippines Islands. Eli qela wasishiya inqanawa Magellan otyholwa uMbuso, ngoko wathabatha off zonke namalungelo kunye nezibonelelo. Kulo nyaka phambi kokuba wayenothotho inqanawa yokugqibela waphosa kwikhaya ababekungxamele, nyana Fernando ufile. Yaye kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva wafa umfazi wakhe wayebanike nje wazala ofileyo unyana wesibini. Leyo umhambi kwafuneka ukuba ixabiso ahlawule kuba eyaba nkulu!