Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact

Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact - ligama isivumelwano interstate kwi non-ndlongo phakathi kwamazwe amabini ezinamandla - kweUSSR kunye Germany. Term kwesivumelwano elinganisela kweminyaka eli-10. Esi sivumelwano eMoscow ngobusuku i-wesithathu amabini ukuya yesine-amabini ngo-Agasti 1939 uMphathiswa Germany nguJoachim von Ribbentrop kunye neNtloko iBhunga Commissars Abantu, commissar eSoviet Union Vyacheslav Molotov phambi kwe-German Ambassador Werner von der Schulenburg, kwaye Political Bureau of ilungu CC le CPSU (b) , ilungu leKomiti Elawulayo Iosifa Stalina. Ukusuka apha uze uchaze isihloko yoxwebhu, baye abaninzi ekuthiwa "Ribbentrop-Molotov".

Utyikitye isivumelwano waqinisekisa cala eSoviet Union kwi impixano le Wesithathu kunye Poland kunye West, kwaye ikwanika ukubuyela eSoviet Union waphulukana imimandla yayo ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi. Esi sivumelwano yayisekelwe iSivumelwano eBerlin ka-1926 kunye iSivumelwano of Rapallo ngo-1922.

Kunye ngesivumelwano non-ndlongo sasayinwa kunye protocol eliyimfihlo umisela imida nomdla sobabini mazwe mabini kwiMpuma Yurophu kunye kulwahlulo Poland phakathi kwabo kuhlaselwa German kweli lizwe. Ubukho ungasinika imfihlelo onjalo ngesivumelwano ixesha elide namkhanyela ngurhulumente eSoviet Union. Oko kuphela yee- ngasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, lo protocol eneneni ingqalelo.

Phambi kokuba lenze Molotov-Ribbentrop kwasayinwa emva zonke, Germany sele yafakwa Reich eBohemia kunye Moravia. Nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko ngamazwe kunye ukulwa kuhlasela waseJamani kwakukho iintetho phakathi USSR, iBritani kunye neFransi. Iziphumo zokwamkelwa uyilo umnqophiso kuncedo macala le yesibini ngo-Agasti 1939. Noko ke, olu xwebhu akazange abe isivumelwano ngenxa yokungabikho umdla lamazwe inxaxheba ezingxoxweni. Umzekelo, i-eSoviet Union kunye zokwamkelwa uyilo efunekayo ukuqinisekisa ingxingwa ngokwemikhosi yabo Poland kunye Romania xa kuthe kugaleleka kuwo, amabutho waseJamani. Noko ke, Poland okanye Romania zange babengavumelani.

Ngoko ke, Stalin kunye Molotov, waza wagqiba ekubeni uphawu isivumelwano non-ndlongo German, leyo kuthiwa "Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact". Zombini eSoviet Union kunye iJamani iinjongo ndlela ezahlukeneyo. Hitler ithabathe ulungiselela uhlaselo kummandla Poland, efuna ukuphepha ingxabano zomkhosi eSoviet Union kwaye bakholwa ukuba eMoscow, efuna ukuba baphinde kumazwe zabo zangaphambili, wowufeza amagatya contract. Stalin, ke, ingqalelo Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact ithuba elihle ukulungiselela amanyathelo ekufuphi emkhosini, siwuyeke zongquzulwano angeyomfuneko emkhosini.

Ngokutsho kwisivumelwano esamkelwa, emacaleni aso omabini bazibophelela ukusombulula ngoxolo bonke ngasonye, yaye nayiphi na imeko asinguwe oyithweleyo lizwe, nto leyo kuhlasela omnye amaqela kwisivumelwano. Kodwa ngokutsho protocol efihlakeleyo Jamani ahlasele Poland, akabanga unelungelo ukuya phambili ukuba i "Curzon Line". Inxalenye Poland, Finland, Latvia, Estonia kunye Bessarabia wahlala swii eSoviet Union.

Emva ukuvunywa sivumelwano yiSoviet Union ngoSeptemba 1, amajoni aseJamani bangena kummandla Poland. Emva kokufumana inkululeko kancinane ekunikeni uncedo kwabo Ukraine Belarusians, ezazifuna ukuhlasela imikhosi yaseJamani, imikhosi Soviet wangena intsimi Polish elinesixhenxe kuphela ngoSeptemba 1939, angenileyo ngokuzenzekelayo yesiBini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Poland zayeka ukubakhona njengelizwe. Ngenxa yoko, Germany nase-USSR wafumana umda eqhelekileyo. Kunye nokukwazi ukuhlasela omnye ilizwe komnye, nakuba isivumelwano esatyikitywa, waba mbandela ixesha.

Molotov-Ribbentrop Isivumelwano semthethweni amabini anesibini ka-Juni 41, xa umkhosi waseJamani ahlasela eSoviet Union.