Latifundia - yintoni na le nto? Yintoni indima yayo eRoma?

Latifundia - yintoni na le nto? Yintoni indima yayo eRoma? Kubonakala ngathi ukuze kube lula ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo. Noko ke, iimbono labaphandi ngalo mbandela diverge. Ngalinye lichaza ingqikelelo emafeni indlela yaso. Cinga ezinye ukutyhilwa kwalo mbono zolwimi ngokunzulu.

Latifundia - yintoni na le nto?

Ukuba ukuguqulela igama ngokoqobo, ngoko ke sifumane "ngelifa." Ekuqaleni, nto intle elula. Kodwa mbali mihla baye iinketho eziliqela ukuchaza latifundia. Busekelwe phezu yokuba "ilifa elikhulu" ekunokuthiwa esitishini aze 100 South kunye 1000 South.

Umzekelo, K. Bucher ukuthini kuqoqosho latifundia elikhulu, okt, oikos kunye nenani elikhulu yobukhoboka. Amakhoboka bohlulwa babe ngamaqela ukuba nikhokelwa ziisuphavayiza. Ezi, ke, wahlala enqabeni. Namangcwaba, enika inkcazelo, wagxininisa ukuba latifundia luhlobo kokudityaniswa iziza ezincinane kuqoqosho enye enkulu. A Schulten wavakalisa imbono eyahlukileyo. Uthi le latifundia - isiqwenga somhlaba, eyasetyenziswa njenge idlelo. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, le ngcamango waba ngenxa yokuba isabelo eso yahlulwe yangamacandelo ezahlukeneyo. Noko ke, abanini Ambiza ngoko okwesibini umntu belilelakhe emafeni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo Italy. Kodwa kamva baqala ukubizwa ngokuba inkqubo yoxinaniso lizwe, waza waqala ukuvela lifa enkulu.

Ukumiselwa kwe latifundia kwimeko ubomi bezoqoqosho zomphakathi wamaRoma

Xa amaphepha Weber latifundias babengafuni amagama phakathi ezachazwa yaseCato. Ngokukodwa, kwaye kwaqatshelwa ukuba latifundia - a compact, wabeka ubungakanani-olunzulu uhlobo enkulu kangangoko nengenzulu yolawulo kunye amakhoboka yabasebenzi zilungelelaniswe esisiso.

. Uluvo J. Salvioli ukuba latifundia - owaliweyo, ingeniso ukusuka apho ngaphezulu iimfuno yentsapho kwaye ukuba akwazi ukuphatha yedwa. Xa yaseCato zicingeleka latifundia wafakwa 150-200 eMzantsi. I-lifa kakhulu ngokubanzi ifunyenwe kwimimandla enabantu abaninzi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba usebenzise indlela ebanzi yokulima. Ngokubanzi, i latifundia - uhlobo lwe kumazwe zooyise bondage, amafa ezifana ngexesha uCharlemagne.

iintlobo ezimbini amakhulu omhlaba - yintoni umahluko?

izazinzulu Soviet uphando esisiseko kwi latifundia baseRoma. Ngoko ke, M. Rostovtsev iindidi ezimbini lweefama. Uhlobo lokuqala - i amakhulu omhlaba, nto leyo bangcono kakhulu kwabo ezichazwe yaseCato uqoqosho kunye amawaka amakhoboka, inkosi Villa, cola, namakhuba, kwaye nkqu ilali apho ayehlala amakhoboka awayesebenza phakathi emasimini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, la amafa, ezaziququzelelwe olu hlobo lomsebenzi kuphela kwi lemarike imodeli nkulu. latifundia Campanian - oku ke uhlobo yesibini lombutho yolawulo. Oku ilifa eyodwa enkulu, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwiindawo ezininzi ezincinane. Baye ilungiswe ngokwezi uhlobo ezifumaneka kufutshane nemizi encinane ePompeii.

Baba, enyanisweni, amashishini wongxowankulu. Noko ke, le uhlobo lombutho ngamafa elikhulu Nedlac eRoma waza wadibana kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo.

Ngaba yinyaniso imbono yokuba latifundia zonakalise Italy?

Njengoko kwiimeko ezininzi, impazamo nguqulelo kunokubangela yempazamo enkulu. Ukuhlalutya ibinzana «lalifundia perdidere Italiam», eyeye UPliny Omdala, M. Reinach uveza ukuba ime phandle esuka kumxholo ngokubanzi, ukuba eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "nempahla zonakalise Italy". kwamathandabuzo Oku kubonisa ukuba mbi kwezolimo eItali, kunye M. Reinach uncamela ukuguqulela eli binzana ngokuthi "Italy liqala ukuphulukana latifundia". Ngamanye amazwi, emafeni ikhoboka enkulu ziyonakala. Ngaphezu koko, le nkqubo lwenzeka kuphela endhawini elikomkhulu, kodwa kumaphondo. Enoba kunjalo, singatsho ukuba latifundia - liyelenqe enkulu somhlaba kunye namakhoboka abasebenza kuyo.