Mumtaz Mahal and Shah Jahan, a Love Story

Taj Mahal - enye izakhiwo ezininzi wamazwi ibekwe kwi kummandla India, nyaka ngamnye inani iindwendwe yamangcwaba onobungangamsha abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-5. Abakhenkethi bathanda nje ubuhle lwezakhiwo ezonakeleyo, kodwa kwakhona ibali ezihambisana ezintle. Le yamangcwaba yakhiwa ngokwemiyalelo umbusi yoBukhosi of the Great Mughals, ababefuna ukuxelela ihlabathi malunga ulangazelelo wakhe umfazi ungasekhoyo Mumtaz Mahal. Yintoni eyaziwayo Taj Mahal, wabhengeza gem yobugcisa Muslim, uthando, enkosi esidalwe ngayo?

Shah Jahan: biography padishah

"Nkosi wehlabathi" - le intsingiselo yegama, leyo yenye padishahs abadumileyo Mughal efunyenwe kuyise, ngubani umthanda ngaphezu kwabanye abantwana. Shah Jahan, uMdali adumileyo Taj Mahal, wazalwa ngo-1592, i-uBukhosi Mughal kuphelela xa wayeneminyaka eli-36, ukuthatha etroneni emva kokufa kukayise Jahangir futhi ayibulale abazalwana alwayo. The Sultan entsha isaziso ngokukhawuleza yena abe ngumlawuli kwisigqibo nakhohlakeleyo. Ngenxa amaphulo aliqela yasemkhosini, waba nako ukwandisa kummandla bukhosi. Ekuqaleni kobukumkani bakhe, yaba bantu zinamandla ngenkulungwane ye-17.

Shah Jahan wayenomdla nje kuphela amaphulo yasemkhosini. Kuba ngexesha layo, i-Sultan waba imfundo, wanyamekela uphuhliso inzululwazi kunye lwezakhiwo, wathabatha unonophelo zobugcisa, uyakwazisa ubuhle kuzo zonke obubonakala.

intlanganiso sibi

Legend yokuba wakhe umfazi elizayo Mumtaz Mahal umlawuli uBukhosi Mughal wadibana ngengozi, oko kwenzeka ngexesha uhambo emarikeni. Ukususela izihlwele amehlo akhe hlasi loo mfazi uselula ubambe amaso zomthi, ubuhle ogama uyotywe kuye. Ukumkani, nkqu ngoko yindlalifa kwitrone, wamthanda kangangokuba wagqiba ukuba intombazana ibe ngumfazi.

Mumtaz Mahal, i-Armenian obuzwe, weza evela Vizier usapho Abdul Sa`d Asaf Khan, bangena kwesangqa of padishah close Jahangir. Intombazana ekuzalweni egama Arjumand banu Begum, nomtshana nomalume Jahangir ngumfazi othandekayo Noor Jahan. Ngoko ke, ukuba liyi ezidunyelwe nomtsalane nje kuphela, kodwa kananjalo imvelaphi ezindilekileyo, ngoko akukho sithintelo emtshatweni. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, umtshato onjalo komeleza isikhundla indlalifa ngokuthi pretender etroneni, kodwa nangoku utshatile uthando.

wedding

happy Jahangir ukuba unyana oyintanda atshate intombi ebethanda, Mumtaz Mahal, ubuzwe umtshakazi kaThixo kwakhona alubonwanga komqobo, banikwe imvelaphi amanene kayise. umsitho amale kwenzeka ngo-1607, xa umtshakazi, owazalwa ngo-1593, hayi wayeneminyaka engaphezu kwama-14. Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, umsitho elinye iminyaka emi-5.

Kwakunjalo ngexesha lomtshato got igama layo elihle, Mumtaz Mahal. Biography of umfazi adumileyo umlawuli Empire Mughal uthi kuyise womkakhe weza Jahangir, omunye umthetho ngelo xesha. Igama Ulwimi Russian bubonakala "i perile ye komkhulu", nto leyo isebenza njengobungqina ubuhle ezimangalisayo le ntombazana.

Umlingane "neeperile", njengoko kubafanele yindlalifa etroneni, yaba ethathe enkulu. Noko ke, akukho namnye ishweshwe ayikwazanga ukoyisa intliziyo yakhe, ukuba enze abantu bayakhohlwa malunga Arjumand ezithandekayo. Ngexesha ubomi Mumtaz Mahal yaba Ndithelekelele oluthandayo kwiimbongi adumileyo xesha, nto leyo odumileyo nje ngenxa yobuhle bayo, kodwa intliziyo elungileyo. umfazi wayo Armenian waba inkxaso oluthembekileyo, kunye naye nokuba kumaphulo yasemkhosini.

ukungonwabi

Ngelishwa, akukho ukuzinikela Arjumand azibulale. Pregnancy asithathwa usisikhubekiso abe kufutshane umyeni wakhe othandekayo ngexesha lonke ngohambo lwakhe. Zonke wazala abantwana-14, kwaba enohlobo elo xesha. izizukulwana zakutsha baba ezintsonkothileyo, ndidiniwe uhambo olude uKumkanikazi wasilela kwakhona kubo.

Mumtaz Mahal wasweleka ngo-1631, kancinane akazange aphile ngokuvisisana wokuzalwa wakhe wamashumi amane. Esi siganeko kabuhlungu esenzeka kwinkampu yomkhosi esiku- Burhanpur. I koMlawuli waye nomfazi wakhe oyintanda, endikholisiweyo nguye bahlala ndawonye iminyaka-19, zisihambela yakhe yokugqibela. Phambi kokuba eli hlabathi, uKumkanikazi wathabatha umfazi izithembiso ezimbini. Wamlalisa afunge ukuba akayi kungena emtshatweni entsha, nokwakha yamangcwaba ezukileyo kuye, ubuhle apho baya kukwazi ukunandipha ihlabathi.

ukulila

Shah Jahan ukuya ekupheleni kobomi akunakuze nazigqibo kunye nelahleko nomfazi wesifuba sayo. Njengoko abaninzi 8 iintsuku, wala ukushiya ezindlini zabo, wakhanyela ukutya esalelweyo ukuthetha naye. Legend yokuba entabeni kwade kwakhokelela ukuba azame ukuzibulala, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, yaphela ukusilela. Ngokwemiyalelo umlawuli uBukhosi Mughal kwimo yesijwili yathatha iminyaka emibini. Ngexesha le minyaka, abemi akuthethi ukubhiyozela le holide, umlomo umculo kunye nomdaniso.

Abanye intuthuzelo odumileyo Sultan wafumana azibuzele ngokuzibulala uya Arjumand. Tshata kwakhona, wala ukwenza, ekugqibeleni waphelelwa ngumdla yabafazi lakhe elikhulu. Ngokutsho kokwakhiwa yamangcwaba yasungulwa odolo, namhlanje yenye izakhiwo kunayo yonke ehlabathini.

Indawo Taj Mahal

Ziziphi sixeko Taj Mahal? Kuba kokwakhiwa yamangcwaba kukhethwa isixeko Agra, ekumgama 250 km ukusuka Delhi. Ikumkani yagqiba ukuba irhafu nomfazi wesifuba sayo iya kuba kunxweme lomlambo Yamuna. Utsaleleke yi entle kule ndawo. Oku kukhetha ezisiwa abakhi bajonga iingxaki ezithile ezinxulumene xenga komhlaba, ibekwe kufuphi namanzi.

Wandinceda ukusombulula ingxaki ubuchwepheshe ekhethekileyo, oko ayizange isetyenziswe. Umzekelo ukusetyenziswa kwayo kulwakhiwo mihla - ukusetyenziswa yezikhala ekwakheni izakhiwo kwi-UAE.

zokwakha

Kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokufa Mumtaz Mahal indoda Babebuhlungu wayalela ukuba ukuqala ulwakhiwo yamangcwaba. Ulwakhiwo Taj Mahal zizonke wathabatha iminyaka eli-12, umsebenzi wokwakha kwaqala ngo-1632. Ngembali avumelana esithi ukuba akukho lolwakhiwo ukuba ungabaveleli iindleko ezinjalo ehlabathini like this. Ukwenza ukuthanda umfazi wakhe ongasekhoyo, ngokutsho ebhotwe ibonisa iindleko padishah malunga nezigidi 32 rupees, kule mihla kuba kowethu billion eziliqela.

Shah Jahan waqinisekisa ukuba abakhi abazange ukugcina kwimathiriyeli. Naphambi kwesakhiwo lwaqhutywa usebenzisa ibhastile ecocekileyo ababevela kwiphondo Rajasthan. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, nangenxa yomthetho ngomlawuli koBukhosi Mughal, ukusetyenziswa kwale emarmore ezinye iinjongo yavalwa.

iindleko zolwakhiwo Taj Mahal zazibalulekile ukuze indlala kwaqhambuka sikarhulumente. Iinkozo, eyayithunyelwe kwiphondo, kanti kwindawo yokwakha, kwakusetyenziswa ukondla abasebenzi. Umsebenzi yaphela kuphela ngo-1643.

Ifihlo Taj Mahal

I iingangamsha Taj Mahal wamnika ukungafi padishah kunye yakhe entle amthandayo Mumtaz Mahal. Ibali uthando umlawuli umfazi wakhe ixelela zonke iindwendwe ukuya yamangcwaba. Inzala kwi kwisakhiwo akufunekanga ibe akumangalisi, kuba sele ubuhle emangalisayo.

Yenza i Taj Mahal abakhi ezizodwa ayiphumelelanga ngenxa umntu osembonweni enombala, kwaye ke isetyenziswe kwi kuyilo yamangcwaba. Ukuze sibe phezu kwintsimi imbaxa kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba sicatshulwa KwiNqaba isango, kuphela phambi kwamehlo weendwendwe wavula sakhiwo. Umntu lowo uza arch, kusenokubonakala ngathi nokuncipha yamangcwaba ihamba kude. Isiphumo eyahlukileyo wadala xa umgama ukusuka Arch. Ngenxa yoko, isivakashi kubonakale nga ngathi kuthatha i Taj Mahal grand kunye naye.

ubuchule okumangalisayo lasebenza xa kudalwa isakhiwo iphawulekayo zamaRoma, abonakala ibekwe nkqo. Enyanisweni, ezi izinto baphambuke kancinane ukuya kwicala sakhiwo. Le isisombululo ivumela ukukhusela Taj Mahal ekutshatyalalisweni ebangelwe kwenyikima. Hi ndlela leyi, ubude zamaRoma kweemitha 42 ukuphakama yamangcwaba xa lulonke iimitha 74.

Kuba iindonga, njengokuba kuthiwe, iye yasetyenziswa iqhwa-ezimhlophe emarmore olukhazimlisiweyo, eliqaqambileyo phantsi kwempembelelo kwelanga. izinto zokuhombisa baba malachite, neyeeperile, neekorale, lwesardiyo, ezingqondweni uvelisa ngomsonto slim.

Le yokungcwaba indawo Mumtaz Mahal

Abantu abaninzi banomdla kwimbali kunye bokwakha, Uyayazi sixeko Taj Mahal. Noko ke, asinguye wonke umntu uyazi apho indawo yokungcwaba uKumkanikazi. ingcwaba lakhe ayikho phantsi kwawo engundoqo kwisakhiwo esakhiwe imbeko yakhe. Enyanisweni, indawo yokungcwaba umlawuli uBukhosi of Great Mongols na kwiholo marble ezifihlakeleyo, neyabelwe mhlaba yamangcwaba.

Engcwabeni Mumtaz Mahal yayimi kwigumbi ngasese ayikho ngengozi. Esi sigqibo sathathwa ukuze iindwendwe ningaphazamisi "i perile ye komkhulu."

Ekupheleni kwebali

Lost nomfazi wesifuba sayo, Shah Jahan umdla waphantse waphulukana ngamandla, akusekho umkhankaso omkhulu wamajoni, waba nomdla encinci kwimicimbi karhulumente. Empire buthathaka, zibandakanyeke ezinzulwini zentlekele yoqoqosho baqalisa qhuma kulo zaqalwa. Akumangalisi ke, nyana wakhe kunye ezihlangwini Aurangzeb wafumana abaxhasi abazinikeleyo babemxhasa ukuzama nokuze amandla uyise nabazalwana ukujongana sicelo. Lo mlawuli ubudala entolongweni apho ke kuloo nqaba, leyo kwanyanzeleka ukuba bachithe iminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe. Shah Jahan walishiya eli hlabathi ngo 1666, ukuba indoda endala lilolo kunye nabagulayo. Nyana wayalela ukuya kungcwaba uyise ecaleni umfazi intanda yakhe.

umnqweno yokugqibela yoMlawuli wahlala kuzaliseka. Wayefuna ukwakha phambi Taj Mahal yenye yamangcwaba, kanye phinde imilo yayo, kodwa namnyama. Esi sakhiwo wayefuna ukuba angene engcwabeni lakhe, ukudibanisa kunye kwindawo yokungcwaba amaqabane yaba tracery ibhulorho abamnyama nabamhlophe. Noko ke, izicwangciso andizanga yinyaniso, weza amandla unyana Aurangzeb wayalela ukuba bayeke umsebenzi wokwakha. Ngethamsanqa, sekunjalo ukuthanda umfazi yena wayemthanda, kunye nokwakha Taj Mahal uKhesare waba ixesha.