Abathathi yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Uluhlu lwamazwe inxaxheba emfazweni

I-Second World War akazange kuphela ntlekele imbi kwimbali yoluntu, kodwa ke impixano inkulu neAfrika phezu kuphuhliso impucuko. Kule kwegazi phakathi kumazwe amaninzi, iyileyo bamsukela inxaxheba iinjongo zabo: ukwanda indawo, ukwandiswa yimpembelelo iinzuzo, kwezoqoqosho, ukukhusela imida yayo kunye nabantu.

Ukuze sikwazi ukufezekisa ezi njongo, abathathi yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi kwanyanzeleka ukuba kumncedisa umfelandawonye. La maqela encedisayo amazwe ukuba abe nezinto anomdla kuzo kunye neenjongo ezazimanyene kakhulu ngakumbi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kwezi iibhloko ukuze zokusombulula ingxaki kumazwe eziphezulu ukumanyanisa nokuba abangakubonanga ihlabathi kwemfazwe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngoobani aba nxaxheba ezinkulu nezincinane yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi? Uluhlu kumazwe ngokusemthethweni iqela le ungquzulwano zithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.

"Axis" yelizwe

Kuqala kwinto zonke, khangela kurhulumente, nto leyo kuthathwa ukuba bahlaseli ngqo kangaka idale iMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Bona ke ngokuqhelekileyo obizwa ngokuba amazwe "axis".

Amazwe eMithathu Pact

Amazwe eMithathu Pact eBerlin kwaye iqela kwi Second World War, idlala indima ephambili phakathi "axis" States. Benza umnqophiso umfelandawonye phakathi September 27, 1940 e Berlin, xandzukela izitha zabo nokuchaza ngokwahlulwa yasemva kwemfazwe yehlabathi kwimeko lokoyisa.

Germany - eyona inamandla zikarhulumente ngokoMthetho zomkhosi kunye noqoqosho Axis, nto leyo amandla engundoqo ezibophelelayo bombutho. Yiyo le gunya ababethwele ntsongelo yomngcipheko wentshabalalo enkulu, zamngxwelerha imikhosi umonakalo esinzima kwi anti-uHitler womanyano. Kuyinto isiqalo yeSibini kweMfazwe yeHlabathi ngo-1939.

Italy - ally inamandla Jamani eYurophu. Ke wabangela ekulweni 1940.

Japan - ilungu lesithathu eMithathu Pact. Wathi kuba nempembelelo ezizodwa kwingingqi Asia-Pacific, umlo ngaphakathi apho, bemka. Wangena imfazwe ngo-1941.

amalungu ebabolekwe kwinkonzo ka 'x'

Amalungu yesibini "axis" ngabathathi-nxaxheba yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi phakathi babehlangene Jamani, Japan kunye Italy, apho musa ukudlala indima ephambili kwi edabini, kodwa wathatha inxaxheba ekulweni kwicala yeyunithi lwamaNazi okanye vusa imfazwe Amanyeneyo. Ezi ziquka:

• Hungary;
• Bulgaria;
• Romania;
• Slovakia;
• UBukumkani of Thailand;
• Finland;
• Iraq;
• The Republic of San Marino.

States ilawulwa ngurhulumente collaborationist

Olu didi yamazwe iquka urhulumente, kuyo ngexesha ekulweni Germany kunye namahlakani ayo, apho oorhulumente zasekwa, sinyanisekile block "Axis". Ezi imikhosi bazisa ukuba amandla yeSibini kwiMfazwe yeHlabathi. Amalungu eMithathu Pact oko bafuna ukubeka ngokwayo kula mazwe njengoko abakhululi, hayi nabanqobi. La mazwe zezi:

• Croatia;
• Serbia;
• Burma (ilizwe onke amazwe zilandelayo ahlala Japan);
• Philippines;
• iLaos;
• Vietnam;
• Cambodia.

I anti-Hitler womanyano

Phantsi uphawu "anti-Hitler angalawuliyo" libhekisela umanyano lwamazwe ababemelene "axis" States. Ukuqulunqwa kwe block womanyano kwenzeke ngexesha phantse lonke ixesha apho kwakukho iMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Amazwe abathatha inxaxheba kwi anti-uHitler angalawuliyo nako ukusinda kumzabalazo wokulwa udushe and win.

big The Three

The Big Three - bangabathathi-nxaxheba yeSibini kweMfazwe Yehlabathi inani kumazwe zokusebenzisana-Hitler anti ukuba baye benza igalelo mkhulu kuloyiso ngaphezu Germany kunye namanye amazwe "Axis". Kunye namakhono aphezulu emkhosini, bakwazi umva ekuhambeni umlo, woqobo ayikho emagemeni abo. Okokuqala ngenxa kula mazwe ukuba lungenakundidumela udushe baphela yeMfazwe yeSibini yeHlabathi. Abathathi amadabi phakathi kwezinye iintlanga manyano, Kakade ke, nayo kwamenza umbulelo zonke izizwe simahla zehlabathi ukuhlangulwa "isibetho brown", kodwa ngaphandle intshukumo yamxhel'omnye yamagunya amathathu, uloyiso bekuya kuba nzima.

United Kingdom - State kuqala wangena ngowe-1939 ukuya ngeziqu evulekileyo kunye ku Germany emva uhlaselo ePoland wokugqibela. Kuyo imfazwe wadala ingxaki enkulu kuba Wesithathu eNtshona Yurophu.

USSR - urhulumente iye ubunzima ilahleko enkulu yobomi ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngokutsho ezinye iingqikelelo, ukuba lingaphezulu abantu abazizigidi 27. Elo lixabiso igazi kunye nemizamo egqithiseleyo abantu Soviet bakwazi ukumisa phambili noloyiso amaqela Reich kunye mfazwe le flywheel umva. ESoviet Union wangena imfazwe emva kokuhlaselwa ngamaNazi eJamani ngoJuni 1941.

US - emva kokuba onke amazwe amathathu enkulu wathabatha inxaxheba neemeko (kunye ekupheleni kuka 1941). Kodwa ke i-United States ukungena imfazwe kuvunyelwa ukuba bagqibe lokusekwa anti-uHitler womanyano, nezenzo nempumelelo ekulweni ne-Japan akazange avumele ukuba ukuvula ngaphambili kwi East Far nxamnye eSoviet Union.

amalungu ebabolekwe kwinkonzo ye-anti-uHitler womanyano

Kakade ke, kulo mbandela ezibalulekileyo ezifana ekulweni udushe, iindima zokuxhasa ayikwazi kuba, kodwa mazwe adweliswe ngezantsi abe nempembelelo zisengaphantsi kwikhosi impi, ngaphezu kwamalungu Big Three. Kwangaxeshanye, baye benza igalelo zabo ekugqityweni ungquzulwano olukhulu yasemkhosini ezinjengezo kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Amazwe abathatha inxaxheba kwi anti-uHitler womanyano, konke okusemandleni abo, wanika emfazweni nobuNazi. Ezinye zazo abachasene ngqo imikhosi yamajoni zeLizwe "Axis" kwi ukulwa edabini, enye intshukumo eziququzelelwe nxamnye abahlali, kunye nabanye ziye zanceda ubonelelo.

Ungatsalela umnxeba la mazwe:

• EFransi (enye kuqala ukungena imfazwe nxamnye eJamani (1939) kunye wahlulwa);
• Urhulumente waseBritani ye-Commonwealth of Nations ;
• Poland;
• Behlupheka (ngexesha kokuqhambuka kwemfazwe enyanisweni wayengekho njengelizwe elilodwa);
• Netherlands;
• Belgium;
• Luxembourg;
• Denmark;
• Norway;
• Greece;
• Monaco (nangona eli cala iye yanjalo ahlala Italy kunye Germany);
• Albania;
• Argentina;
• Chile;
• Brazil;
• Bolivia;
• Venezuela;
• Colombia;
• Peru;
• Ecuador;
• Dominican Republic;
• Guatemala;
• El Salvador;
• Costa Rica;
• Panama;
• Mexico;
• Honduras;
• Nicaragua;
• Haiti;
• Cuba;
• Uruguay;
• Paraguay;
• Turkey;
• Bahrain;
• Saudi Arabia;
• Iran;
• Iraq;
• Nepal;
• China;
• Mongolia;
• eYiputa;
• Liberia;
• Ethiopia;
• YaseTuva.

Kunzima ukuba phantsi ububanzi ububanzi yintlekele lizukileyo, njengoko Second World War. Inani labathatha inxaxheba kungquzulwano ezinkulu abaxhobileyo ngenkulungwane XX waba amazwe 62. Eli nani liphezulu kakhulu, ucinga ukuba ngelo xesha kwakukho 72 kuphela geqe. Enyanisweni, kwakungekho lizwe apho esi siganeko enkulu ayizange alichatshazelwa, ubuncinane ezilishumi kubo, waza wathi cala yayo. Ubungakanani ngokupheleleyo ntlekele awukwazi ukuveza nayiphi memoirs-nxaxheba iinkampu kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II xi okanye amaxhoba, okanye iincwadi zembali ngakumbi. Kodwa sizukulwana kufuneka kuhle ukukhumbula iimpazamo elidlulileyo, ukuba ungaziphindi kwixesha elizayo.