Iinkqubo Russian zemimandla kunye ukuphunyezwa

Njengoko nabalawuli ezibalulekileyo lweenkqubo ngqo kwezoqoqosho ukuthatha indawo kweli lizwe, zezona iinkqubo yase kanye engingqi. Bamele enye, ixesha-wambopha, izibonelelo kunye nokuphumeza uyilo ezintsonkothileyo, uphando, imveliso, sombutho lwezoqoqosho kunye neminye imisebenzi, wenziwe kunye nenkxaso karhulumente.

iinkqubo Federal and regional

Kuba amashumi ezininzi, kunye imi- 20-kwinkulungwane yokugqibela eSoviet Union oko lihanjiswa izicwangciso zoshishino nokubhalwa. Kunye nazo zaye zaphuhliswa kwaye ezihlangeneyo, kuquka iinkqubo zemimandla. Okwangoku, zinikeza isisombululo iingxaki zobugcisa kwiinkalo zenzululwazi,, loqoqosho, intlalo nenkcubeko kunye nokusingqongileyo. Iinkqubo ekujoliswe federal lophuhliso lwengingqi ezijolise nokuphumeza imigaqo entsimini yoqoqosho lwentlalo kunye nenkxaso karhulumente. Namhlanje, abasakwazi eqhelekileyo, kunye nenani labo ukhula rhoqo. Iinkqubo ekujoliswe lommandla zizakubalulwa ngeempawu, Okukodwa kunye nolwazi lobulungu zengingqi imithombo kubi. Indima yabo kumanyaniswe, ezihlangeneyo, iimfuno zoluntu ngamnye kuqoqosho zorhwebo, ekurhwebeni ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi ezinkulu.

Okukodwa

iinkqubo zengingqi zisetyenziswa njengesixhobo yolawulo karhulumente ngqo kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho phakathi kwintsimi ethile. Le ndlela ulawulo simi njengenye esona sixhobo sigqibeleleyo azinampembelelo kwindawo ingxaki: kwakhona, depressive. Ngelo xesha linye inkqubo ekujoliswe wengingqi eRashiya ngempumelelo kuphunyezwa iindawo elifumileyo. Yaye eneneni, yaye kwelinye icala, umxube ezinikezelwa zombini ngemingeni ekhoyo ngoku nezinto elizayo. Omnye umzekelo iinkqubo engingqi ye- Leningrad. Okwangoku, ingqalelo abasemagunyeni azisebenzileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi, imeko i-St Petersburg kuqoqosho. Ngokukodwa, yokuphuhlisa iinkqubo ukudala iimeko zokutsala izibonelelo zabasebenzi phakathi komzi.

Kakuhle eli iiprojekthi ezintsha

ekujoliswe iinkqubo zemimandla kunye zikamasipala liphuhlise namhlanje Ziqulethe entsonkothileyo i 'market "ibe" isicwangciso engqongqo. " Iiprojekthi banikwa imiyalelo engqongqo yemisebenzi yoqoqosho. Ngelo xesha oluvuselela efanayo kunye nokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo ekujoliswe zenziwa qho yorhwebo. Iindlela ukutsala amagcisa kunye neendlela zokwabiwa kwezibonelelo sisekelwe phezu kwemimiselo umdla ngokuzithandela, zesininzi ngamnye. Okubaluleke ngokulinganayo zokuvulwa eziphathekayo. iinkqubo zoMmandla zibandakanya ukujoliswa kunye kokunyanzeliseka imisebenzi ecwangcisiweyo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba. Bona enikwa izivumelwano kwezoqoqosho, idityaniswe iseti imbonelelo ngezimali, kunokuba imisebenzi komgaqo-nkqubo, njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili.

Ukukhetha le ngxaki

Ukulungiselela iinkqubo zemimandla, ababhekisi phambili ukusombulula eziliqela iingxaki methodological. Le esingundoqo sinxulumene kukhethwa ngxaki. Xa iimeko mihla imisebenzi zotshintsho sobummandla kunye nophuhliso loqoqosho lwesizwe zenzeka ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo. Kulo mzekelo, zemali kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezikhoyo zisoloko kuphela. Iikhrayitheriya iingxaki yokukhetha zezi:

1. Ukubaluleka umba kuqoqosho lwesizwe kunye zendawo, ngenxa utshintsho lwesakhiwo, nokuqinisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yezoqoqosho, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi wabemi, ukubonelela ulawulo lokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko kokusingqongileyo, njalo-njalo.
2. Uhlobo ezininzi kwaye ahlukeneyo le ngxaki, ubukho beqonga ukwenza kunye Imfuneko yokuququzelela umsebenzi wabo. Ngamafutshane, uyakwazi ukuchaza le njengenqobo njengoko yobumbaxa nobuntununtunu umbandela.
3. Progressiveness oluyintsusa lwe lombutho, yobugcisa kunye namanye amanyathelo, ukusebenza eyomeleleyo kulindeleke.

iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Phakathi le miqathango ekhankanywe apha ngasentla kufuneka sibandakanye ubunzima okanye nakwenzeka yokusombulula ingxaki ngexesha elifanelekileyo nokusetyenziswa mechanism lemarike kunye imfuneko yenkxaso karhulumente. Noko ke, ngokutsho iingcali, lo msebenzi impikiswano, njengoko iingxaki ezintsonkothileyo engxamisekileyo ingasombululwa kuphela iindlela program kunye inxaxheba ngabasemagunyeni.

definition kweenjongo

Oku kunika umdla kakhulu umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Inkqubo Clear ekujoliswe luboniswa orientation ngokungqongqo komsebenzi ngamnye kunye nokusetyenziswa nawuphi na umthombo, kwakunye nemisebenzi yabo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba. Umsebenzi ophambili kwaziswa ukujongana imisebenzi ethile. Ekuphuhliseni indlela graphic-analytical kucetyiswa. Ngayo, iyantlukwano yenzelwa phezu ingxaki ekujoliswe kulo ngalo amanqanaba. ukulinganisa ubuninzi luyenziwa ngokusebenzisa izalathisi kuthelekiswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ntsimi. Ngelo xesha, ukuthembeka yale ndlela ezingaqondakaliyo.

Ukuziqhelisa, uphuhliso isetyenziselwa kungafane iiprojekthi. Ukongeza, akukho amaxabiso umgangatho unako kumiselwa kuzo zonke iimeko. Izalathi yezentlalo noqoqosho ukuze zisetyenziswe njengenye. Bona ngqo ebonisa amanqanaba ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ethile. Umzekelo, inkqubo ekujoliswe yengingqi kwi ulondolozo kwimpilo yabantu njengezalathisi ungasebenzisa ixesha eliqhelekileyo an esebenzayo yobungcali umsebenzi, ubomi njalo-njalo.

yokuhlola ukusebenza

Ukusebenza kuphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwe-nkqubo wavakalisa izalathi isiphumo esithile. Uhlalutyo ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo iindleko kubonakaliswe ukusebenza labucala kwabelwane amaxabiso kwezoqoqosho, lokuthelekisa kunye elililo (umthamo sengeniso yesizwe ukutyiwa ukulingana kunye nokwanda kwemali njalo njalo.). Iimpawu Private agcwele kwinqanaba lokusetyenziswa kwezinto: fondo-, iziseko, materialootdachu njalo njalo. Ngenxa yokwenza basekhaya angaphandle, ngokuhlenga ezichaphazela kwiimeko zemarike, ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenkqubo ukwenzela uhlalutyo ngempumelelo kwalo, njengokuba umthetho, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise amaxabiso ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi kwabo: ubungakanani-mali ezithile eyinkunzi, nemveliso, ixesha payback , njalo-njalo. Xa kuhlalutywa, ungasebenzisa kwakhona i umthamo ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezingundoqo, bangene kumaziko non-imveliso kunye namandla imveliso ndawo, izalathi si zokunikwa lophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye zobugcisa kunye nokungenisa-resursozamescheniya.

iimpawu iimpawu

Ukubaluleka usebenzisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kwiinkqubo izicacele. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye phakathi kwabo kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka babekho ngokusebenzisa imilinganiselo. Ngoncedo lwabo, ithelekisa iinkqubo neziphumo kuba kwelizwe liphela. Ukongeza, kufuneka usebenzise kwezibonisi zoqoqosho lwamashishini. Ezinye iinkqubo zingafuna amaxabiso kwinkqubo emisiweyo. Njengoko iimeko zemarike zibe ezenzekayo uvavanyo ubungakanani ngayo ishishini.

ifuthe

Ngelo xesha, imfuneko yokuba uhlalutyo olukhulu loqoqosho ukuchonga ukusebenza yesizwe kwezoqoqosho. Imfuno bona wesizwe kufuneka kuthathwe xa kujongwa yonke inkqubo indicators. Ngokomzekelo, abayi kuqingqelwa ukuba umlinganiselo ingeniso eyinkunzi kwimimandla kwakhona, njengoko oku kukhokelela ekudalweni kobume loshishino ukuba wayengayi ukuhlangabezana iimpawu kunye neemfuno nemimandla, ngokunjalo izinto ixesha elide karhulumente.

amanyathelo Okukodwa

program Regional ukuze ibandakanye amanyathelo ukuphucula impilo koqoqosho kunye kwinqanaba loluntu. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, zibandakanya ulwaneliseko iintswelo amafutha kunye energy izixhobo, ummiselo lweerhafu, ukupheliswa lweziqhamo eentlekele zendalo, njalo njalo. Njengenyathelo elilandelayo inokuba imisebenzi ukuzinzisa le meko. Phakathi kwabo:

1. Kukuhla amafutha kunye namandla nokunqongophala.
2. ekuvaleni kokoma kumashishini obungcali.
3. Wilderness amaqhina ezintsha kwezoqoqosho.
4. Ukudala iimeko ukukhula kwezoqoqosho.

Xa inyathelo elilandelayo lungaqhutywa esimbaxa ukuphucuka koqoqosho. Kwesi sikhokelo, iinzame swi kunembambano hlengiso noshowo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo. Phakathi amanyathelo angundoqo ziquka:

1. Ukwandiswa kweziseko ezingundoqo zothutho.
2. Zalisa isisombululo ingxaki amandla.
3. Ukwandiswa anokubanakho kothunyelo kumazwe angaphandle kulo mmandla.

Kuzo zonke amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba:

1. ngabemi Prevention ephuma.
2. Ekufumaneni abasebenzi abanezakhono. Oku kuqinisekiswa ngurhulumente ukukhuthaza ingqesho kunye nokhuseleko loluntu.
3. Conservation kunye eyiyo yokusetyenziswa kwemithombo yendalo.

isiphelo

Ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zommandla kubaluleke aluncedo olukhulu labemi. Kwezinye iimeko apho kukho imfuneko isisombululo ngokuthe ngcembe ngayo iingxaki zophuhliso olungongezwanga, ekhulile, izibonelelo zokomeleza olwaneleyo, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi wabemi. Kwiindawo abancinane kuqingqelwa ukuba babhale uluhlu iingxaki, ezifana nemisebenzi kwizakhiwo yezolimo kunye isakhiwo, indawo kunikwe kwakho kule ndawo umda, kunye neenkonzo zentlalo. Kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo, icandelo elahlukileyo igcinelwe imiba mali. Kuba ekuphunyezweni kwemisebenzi abathatha inxaxheba mali kunye nemali off-mali. Noko ke, uninzi-mali enikwa bangasese.

Iseti lwemisebenzi kufakwa kwiprogram zidla baphathwa ngeendlela ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, ukuyilwa isakhiwo sothutho zimelwe kwi imeko yokusebenzisa izibonelelo ezikhoyo kunye nokulima yayo esebenzayo. Okwangoku, ngokutsho kwezinye iingcali, kukho okwangoku iinkqubo ezininzi kakhulu. Abaninzi kubo kuxhomekeke hlengiso rhoqo. Kule meko yephule iinjongo zabo kunye nesiqulatho. Kukho kwakhona umba mali iye ibe nefuthe elibi kwinkqubo wokuphunyezwa kweenkqubo.