Ziintoni iimpawu cholesterol ophezulu? Iimpawu kunye zimpawu cholesterol aphezulu

Cholesterol - fat-esifana nesimo kweziyobisi, nto leyo yenzelwe ukuba iqokobhe kwiseli nganye emzimbeni. Uninzi oveliswa esibindini (80%), imali yokuphumla kwaso onikezelwa ukutya.

Indima cholesterol

Inqanaba eqhelekileyo kule compound kubalulekile ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo amalungu amaninzi kunye nentlalontle.

Ngaphandle kokuba cholesterol yinxalenye imifinya iseli, lenza inani le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• Inika amandla kwiseli ndizayo;
• Ucacisa permeability of inwebu iseli by isebenze enzyme engqinelanayo;
• inxaxheba nethe iivithamini fat-enyibilikayo kunye nezinye iinkqubo metabolic;
• yikhompawundi zingqubane le Yindibanisela iihomoni adrenal kunye androgens;
• eziqulathwe imifinya luvo ifayibha myelinated;
• ithatha inxaxheba ekubunjweni ivithamin D;
• Ukhusela iiseli ezibomvu kwimiphumo emibi ityhefu hemolytic;
• Kuthatha inxaxheba ekubunjweni ibile, kunye acids inyongo esibindini, athi abenoxanduva kukufakwa kwamafutha zesondlo ethunjini;
• Ichaphazela ukusebenza receptors serotonin, onoxanduva imo elungileyo kunye nokwaneliseka.

rate ubuninzi kunye esemgangathweni cholesterol

Iyonke cholesterol ngokukhula, ukuba inqanaba mkhulu kuno-5 mmol / l. Ukuba umntu elibhaqiweyo seswekile ehamba okanye isifo sentliziyo, icandelo esebenzayo mayingabi ngaphezu 4.5 mmol / l.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kufuneka athathe ingqalelo kuphela cholesterol ubuninzi igazi, kodwa izalathisi umgangatho - lomlinganiselo amaqela zalo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yoko, libya-mninzi cholesterol inganyuswa ukuba umxholo wayo kungaphezu kwe-100-130 mg / DL. Kwakhona uthathe ingqalelo isixa iHDL cholesterol kunye triglycerides.

Kufuneka wathi lipoproteins ephantsi-mninzi ubizwa ngokuba 'ezimbi "kuba athwale wonke umzimba inkoliso cholesterol. Xa oku kwenzeka iinkqubo igcwala leyo zikhatshwa Yindibanisela izilwa-buhlungu kunye ukuyilwa iikhompawundi ezingazinzanga ezinako ndzulu iindonga emithanjeni kubangele ukuba inkqubo arhabaxa.

lipoproteins ezixineneyo zijongwa "elungileyo", kuba cholesterol ucaphule isitya igazi uze uyibuyisele kwi wesibindi, kwaye kuthintela iinkqubo igcwala.

Izinto ezibangela hypercholesterolaemia

I-umyalezo we-cholesterol xi phezulu alale into njengelifa. Olu hlobo lwesifo ichazwa njenge samabanga okanye usapho. Xa kubonakele cholesterol aphezulu ebantwaneni. Isifo ibangwa kukuba umntwana ufumana kubazali gene ziziphene onoxanduva lipid yokuqaphela, ngoko ukufumanisa yoxinaniso zophendlo lwezifo ze iikhompawundi fat-ezifana emzimbeni wakhe.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba cholesterol kaninzi anda nabantwana elibhaqiweyo, kuba yonke into ethubeleza ngaphandle iimpawu zonyango. Ingxaki iba kakhulu umdala.

iintlobo Secondary kwezifo ukuphuhlisa phantsi kwempembelelo yeemeko ezithile, apho kusebenza njengento ehlanganisa okanye ubungozi:

• ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi;
• uxinzelelo uhlobo luvo;
• emva kweminyaka engama-55;
• kumgangatho (cholesterol iyonke lonyuka kuxhaphaka kakhulu abantu);
• ukutshaya;
• izinto okunesondlo - kukutya kakhulu okunamafutha kunye ophezulu-osidingayo ukutya;
• lutho emzimbeni.

Pathology, ehamba hypercholesterolemia. Indlela yophuhliso lwayo

Amaninzi, cholesterol aphezulu iqatshelwe isifo sesibindi, iswekile sinwenwa, hypothyroidism. Nephrotic syndrome linophawu ingqalelo eliphezulu ezimbaxa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulawulo ezithile zenkqubo iziyobisi, ubukho lwegazi kunye abatyebe kwakhona bandiqumbise hypercholesterolemia.

Ukuba sithethe ngayo indlela kwesi sifo, ufanele wazi ukuba sibe cholesterol inwebu leeseli ingumthunzi yendalo nxamnye emzimbeni zabo. Yiloo nto hypercholesterolemia ibonisa indlela ejoliswe, ukuba kudlula amanzi ngenxa inwebu weseli, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwawo eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, xa iiseli enucleated fatty ukuvumela transfer yokunqongophala kwamanzi.

Ukuba wenza ukurhoxiswa, ungatsalela umnxeba nenye into ebalulekileyo etiological ukuba cholesterol aphezulu - emzimbeni eziseleni kunye nenyama xa iyonke.

Indlela yokubona hypercholesterolemia?

Kuba uphethwe oluchanekileyo neempawu cholesterol aphezulu wedwa njengenqobo ukungathembeki. Kuyanconywa ukuba bapase iimviwo ebanzi, badlule uthotho lweemvavanyo.

Uxilongo sidla ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• imbali yezonyango uze ugqibezele olwalo uhlalutyo kuthathelwa ingqalelo izikhalazo yesigulana;
• ngokusekwa ithuba hypercholesterolemia kwiintsapho okanye ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinxulumene;
• nokuhlola ekuqhubeni auscultation, zomlinganiselo kwegazi;
• urinalysis kunye negazi ukuze aphephe ezimbi yendalo arhabaxa;
• Uhlalutyo igazi kwemichiza kunye nokuzimisela uyazikhomba creatinine, glucose, kwaye uric acid;
• lipidogram okuvumela ukuchonga amanqanaba aphezulu lipoproteins;
• immunoassays;
• uvavanyo genetic izihlobo ezikufutshane ezongezelelweyo ukuchonga siphene yemfuza.

Ngelo xesha loxilongo kubalulekile ukucacisa iimpawu yokudla lomguli, ubomi bakhe, imikhwa emibi. Kufuneka kwakhona ukumisela ixesha xa uviwo lonyango lokugqibela kuthwalelwa phandle, uhlobo izikhalazo kunye iimpawu kwazo.

Ziintoni iimpawu cholesterol ophezulu?

Ngoko nangoko kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba cholesterol aphezulu kukodwa akukho ngokwezonyango kubonakaliswa. Isigulana umntu isibheno ethile xa kukho ezimbi ezifanelekileyo ezinxulumene nokuphazamiseka lipid.

Iimpawu eziphambili cholesterol aphezulu ziquka:

• ogulayo iintlungu esifubeni, isifo sentliziyo okanye isifo sentliziyo kunokwenzeka, apho sinxulumana sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi iimpahla coronary;
• ukuba imali ngokugqithiseleyo cholesterol elibhaqiweyo ngabantu, ungakwazi kwekhono erectile, nto leyo ehambisana ne occlusion kwemithambo kunye cholesterol efanelekileyo ngaxeshanye kuyabonakala namandla okanye;
• yamafutha kunye stroke yobuchopho - ubomi-engozini iimpawu cholesterol aphezulu;
• ukuba hypercholesterolemia background kuchaphazela udonga semithambo peripheral, oko ukuphuhlisa isifo umlenze nya kunye thrombosis lwemithambo kunye nophuhliso thrombophlebitis;
• Iimpawu engangqalanga cholesterol aphezulu kuthathelwa ingqalelo i intlungu yesiqephu asezantsi, memory ngumonakalo kunye mizwa ekhathazayo entliziyweni.

iimpawu hypercholesterolemia

Ngaphezu koko izikhalazo ebonisa imithambo yegazi sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi, imiqondiso yangaphandle amafutha angenzeka izigulane. Phakathi kwabo ukuze kuchazwe imbonakalo arc kwenwebu lipoid. Le uphawu libonisa, njengoko umthetho, ekuphuhliseni hyperlipidemia kwiintsapho, kwaye labonwa iziguli ubudala ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50.

Enye ebalulekileyo cholesterol aphezulu xanthelasma. Ngokuseka babe maqhuqhuva ifomu off-yellow, ezithi zibekwe phantsi umaleko ephezulu iinkophe epithelium. Ngamanye amaxesha ke ubukhulu elincinane, siye emoyeni, ngoko oko kudla ukubonakala kuphela ziingcali. Xa hypercholesterolemia linophawu imbonakalo xanthomas - maqhuqhuva cholesterol, apho ibekwe ngaphezu imisipha.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ezi mpawu zixelwe kuvela kuphela ukuqhubela phambili inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo apho sifo kunzima ukuba flow, luphawulwa izilonda ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene kunye namanqanaba cholesterol, leyo ikhula imivo ebalulekileyo.

Cholesterol nokukhulelwa

Emzimbeni nemazi ngexesha yokumitha ngokupheleleyo lahlengahlengiswa ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba uphuhliso eqhelekileyo umntwana. Kweli xesha esebenzayo itshintsha lipid ukutya. Ngenxa yoko, amafutha ngexesha lokukhulelwa ingaqatshelwa mmiselo, kuba sohlala kweli xesha emzimbeni kamama elizayo kufuneka ngaphezulu eli compound ukwenzela ukupasa kuyondelelaniswe ngokupheleleyo iihomoni steroid.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba loo hypercholesterolemia komzimba kufuneka umda ezithile kwaye hayi ngaphezulu izinga izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwama-2. Ukongeza, umdla kukuba cholesterol aphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ezahlukeneyo parameters, ngokuxhomekeka kubudala yomfazi. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntu okhulelweyo kungekho ngaphezulu kwama-19 eminyaka, kuba 3,08-5,18 Mol / l. Ukuba ithe 40 okanye ngaphezulu, cholesterol ngu 6,94. Kuzo zombini ezi meko, la manani eqhelekileyo.

Ukufumaneka liphezulu amanqatha negazi abasetyhini abakhulelweyo waphawula kwithuba leenyanga ezintathu lesithathu. Emva kokubeleka, inqanaba cholesterol ubuyela eqhelekileyo kwiiveki 4-6.

unyango kwemithi of hypercholesterolemia

Xa unesifo amanqanaba cholesterol aphezulu kunye ibonwa lwezonyango ezinxulumene ukuphazamiseka ukutya amanqatha, kucetyiswa ukuba uthathe la maqela alandelayo kweemveliso:

• Statins. Bona ukuvimba Yindibanisela enzayim abandakanyeka cholesterol ukwakheka, ngaba amachiza zithandwa hypercholesterolemia. Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo sifo kunye data impendulo eyodwa kuthetha ikwazi ukunciphisa uyazikhomba cholesterol nge-60%. Ngapha koko, banciphisa isixa triglycerides nokwandisa HDL. Le emiselweyo sesona "Mevacor 'iziyobisi' Baycol" yaye "Lescol".
• Ifayibha acid - ukunciphisa ubungakanani triglyceride kunye iHDL, ukukhuthaza igcwala of fatty esibindini. Eli qela libandakanya imali "Atromed-C", "Trikora" yaye "Lopid".
• arhente amayeza ukuba ekwaziyo iyabophelela nee-asidi duct nokunciphisa cholesterol kudibaniso esibindini (iziyobisi "Colistin" "Questran").

Kwezithako leyo ukunciphisa inani cholesterol

Pharmacotherapy yenziwe kwisifundo kakhulu okanye elinzima hypercholesterolemia. Xa iifomu zawo onomoya oku kulandelayo kuyasebenza:

• Vitamin E - a antioxidant enamandla ethintela ukuyilwa of umonakalo cholesterol kwaye lunciphisa ubungozi iziganeko sentliziyo;
• Omega-3 fatty - ngesixa esikhulu iqulethwe iintlanzi oyile, ngokuhlwa oyile primrose, imbewu iflakisi nokudlwengulwa; ukuba zehlise inqanaba triglyceride kunye nokuthintela thrombosis, ukuze udonga lokuzikhusela nangokurhala, nto leyo yothintelo elungileyo ngenxa yamafutha;
• nicotinic acid ngeedosi eziphakamileyo izilwa fatty kuzo zonke ancedisana, kunciphisa kwinqanaba triglycerides kunye LDL kwandisa isixa iHDL cholesterol nge-30%;
• folic acid kunye novithamini B12 - beswele kwabo kumanqanaba homocysteine yancitshiswa, nto leyo eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko utshintsho atherosclerotic kwimikhumbi kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inani amayeza athile musa ukuphelisa imfuneko yokuphila esempilweni. iimpawu cholesterol aphezulu iza kuphuhlisa nini ukuba adle, ukubukela ubunzima bakho, anyakaze, nokungatshayi kwaye rhoqo enziwe iimviwo zokuthintela.

Yokudla hypercholesterolemia

Injongo ukusebenza anti-sclerotic zokutya kukuyeka emzimbeni cholesterol ingaphezulu iseti ohambelana kweemveliso.

Yiyiphi imigaqo ekufuneka ilandelwe?

Kuyinto Qiniseka ukuba zokucutha isixa amanqatha, ukuphelisa ukutya-cholesterol ukusuka ukutya, anciphise ukuselwa ezinamanqatha ifumile asidi kwaye ukwandisa inani polyunsaturated. Ncoma ukutya ityuwa encinane, ngakumbi ifayibha izityalo, kubalulekile ukuba indawo amafutha ezilwanyana kunye nemifuno.

Phakathi iimveliso luncedo ukuba kukhankanywe intlanzi, inyama, alichumi, iinqoba kunye soy, ukutya okuziinkozo kunye bran, kunye iti eluhlaza, ezo ke antioxidant kuphela kodwa ukusela ephucula nethe lipid.

Impembelelo HIV ukusetyenziswa KFile ekrwada okuthambile. Uyakwazi lokuhlambulula igazi ukunqanda egazi igazi nokunciphisa uyondelelwano lwee- cholesterol ngenxa yobukho kumafa yalo alliin.

Xa ufunyaniswe cholesterol eziphakamileyo, iimpawu, unyango kunye nobukho ezimbi ezihamba ixhomekeke umyalezo ethile le ukuphazamiseka. Kufuneka kwakhona zithathelwe ingqalelo xa kumiselwa unyango, ekufuneka ibe banzi kwaye ejoliswe kuqheleke le nethe lipid.