Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba imore icon umlambo?

Abantu abaninzi, nkqu nabo azinanto yakwenza ubuKristu, weva ngale emangalisayo njengeemphawu mirotochenie. Iminyaka emininzi, sisesona sizathu iingxoxo phakathi abaphengululi, ababingeleli iingcali nje art samandulo. Nangona abanye umsebenzi wenziwa kweli cala, ukuseka kutheni ustrimisho imore ye icon nangoku ingaphumeleli, yaye akukho nto ukuvulwa ethembisa kungekudala kwixesha elizayo.

Ntoni igama elithi "ioli engcwele '?

Phantsi mirotocheniya ukubonakala ngokuqhelekileyo kakuhle phezu icon, ngokunjalo izinto ezingcwele kwamathana engcwele enuka olunamafutha ulwelo uvakalisa ivumba elithile, ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu kunene. Ukuba ibizwa imore. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba inani, umbala nokuxinana inokuba nomahluko kwaye akuxhomekekanga nayiphi na imiba yangaphandle. Ubuncinane, akuzange kube lula ukuseka i uxhulumaniso.

Mirotocheniya eminyaka

Kuyinto isici eZibhalweni akukho kukhankanywa kwamatyala mirotocheniya ngenkulungwane yokuqala ka ubuKristu. Ulwazi malunga siba isiko ngcwele, oko kukuthi, isithethe ngomlomo ngokufuduswa izibakala ezithile ezinxulumene ubuKristu, kwaye Ezingaphefumlelwanga - noncanonical (azikhange zikhunjulwe ibandla) ezikhumbuzo ngoncwadi zonqulo.

Phakathi kwabo, umzekelo, siyazi malunga wokuphelelwa yonyaka yehlabathi evela izinto ezingcwele Ioanna Bogoslova, uFilipu uMpostile, kunye Martyr Theodotus. Ngaphezu koko, eyaziwa (ukusuka kwimithombo efanayo) mirotochenie esele St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, uJohn Dimitriya Solunskogo Skylitzes.

Mirotocheniya eminyaka

Ubalo lwe amatyala ezaziwayo kokuphela yehlabathi ibonisa ukuba ngexesha yonke imbali ubuKristu phambi XX kwinkulungwane, le nto yaba lwepaki olukhulu. Kule ncwadi ngaye zifumaneka kuphela iinkcukacha zale kunye sangu. Kwaye kuphela kwinkulungwane XX, sele buthatyathwa ngezinga elikhulu ngokwenene.

Inqanaba lokuqala kwenzeka ekuqaleni eko, kodwa ulwazi malunga icon mirotochenii iya ezinqabileyo. Mhlawumbi oku kubangelwa kukuba kolawulo kubukho bukaThixo, ibekwe kweli lizwe, cwaka nje malunga Kwiimeko ezinjalo. Kuphela ekupheleni koo kumajelo eendaba kwabonakala izikhukula yemiyalezo malunga yafunyanwa icon ngokungummangaliso, mirotochenii zabo kunye amatyala yokuhlaziywa ezizenzekelayo. Kunye neendawo apho iyathontelana icon nentlaka emnandi, ebizwa kakhulu ahlukeneyo - zokuhlala zabucala ezindlwini edumileyo.

Njani ukuba iqale?

Isiseko sabekwa ngoMeyi 1991, i icon ye nguMama oyiNgcwele kaThixo 'wokulawula "igcinwa kwi woonongendi of capital St Nicholas Perervinsky. Emva iinyembezi zakhe exuding ukusuka emehlweni uMsindisi kwi umfanekiso kwenye iintlafuno Vologda, kwaye ngoNovemba waloo nyaka zamirotochila Kazan Icon ye nguMama kaThixo ka ESmolensk Cathedral of ngombono.

Imimangaliso kakhulu luninzi kwaba ekupheleni XX kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane xxi. amacala kokuphela behlabathi baye bafikelela inani kangangokuba esixhotyiswe ngokukodwa wadala owayeze Moscow labefundisi, umsebenzi ogama ukufunda kunye nenkcazelo nemiqondiso, ngokoqobo wayengazi ukuphumla.

View abefundisi

Ukusuka kwindawo yenkolo lwembono, ukuba umlambo i icon imore - oku kufuneka kube ingcaciso kakhulu ezithile. Nangona isibakala sokuba yonke imifanekiso eziphefumlelweyo engcwele ngenxa umxholo wayo yokomoya, ezinye zazo onyulwe Providence kaThixo, yaye uThixo uthumela amadoda iimpawu ezizodwa.

Kulo mzekelo, iimpawu yokwenene yehlabathi ngaphezu zithathwa njengokuba amafutha self zinezinto eziphilisayo kwaye nomfi ngevumba elimnandi. Ngoko ke, lo imore icon umlambo, ukubonisa ukuba yeyiphi Akusoloko umqondiso eqinisekileyo ukusuka ngentla, intsingiselo icacile.

Ingqalelo ebalulekileyo: isibakala nje yemore-ustrimisho icon ayikho izizathu yokubhengeza ngayo imimangaliso, kodwa idlulile ukusuka yemore ingqalelo unako ukwenza imimangaliso. Kule nkalo, kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye baseTurkey wasithimba isixeko yesiGrike Thessaloniki ngo-1430. AmaSilamsi nenkani, uziba zigcinwa kwi kwimifanekiso eqingqiweyo Orthodox, wandibuyisa amafutha kunye ezingcwele St. Dmitriya Solunskogo, besebenzisa njengoko isixhobo zonyango ukulungiselela iinjongo ezibanzi.

amazwi abagxeki

Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo into phakathi iinkokeli zonqulo ixesha zethu abagxeki ezininzi, Lumkela kakhulu kule meko. Ukubuyisela ingqalelo into yokuba kukho amatyala mirotocheniya eqingqiweyo yobuhedeni kwaye nkqu icon kwi kulahlwe zehlelo kakhulu nabuntu kunye ngokungenabuntu yileyo. Kulo mba, bacebisa sengqondo ngakumbi zibekelwe iimeko kokuphela icon zehlabathi, iinyembezi kunye negazi, kwaye ukuba umsinga icon imore, awusondelanga izigqibo ngaphambi kwexesha.

Survey imore-ustrimisho icon

Ekubeni mirotochaschie icons badla ukutsala inani elikhulu zabanquli, ngokwenjenjalo ukudala imiqathango ukuba ingeniso, kukho amatyala ukuguqula le meko kunye nobuqhophololo ngokuphandle. Ukuthintela kuxhaphaza le Moscow labefundisi liqulunqe inkqubo esikhethekileyo iimviwo icons zingcwele ukumisela ubunyaniso mirotocheniya zabo.

Ngokutsho imithetho, kwiimeko apho umsinga icon imore, kunye nolawulo Diocesan yasekuhlaleni ufumene umyalezo ngale nto, ngoko nangoko kwasekwa uthumo okhethekileyo, nto leyo eyenza zoviwo kunye namangqina ndlebe. Injongo yezi zenzo - ukuseka ubukho iimeko zangaphandle ezinokubangela nemiphumo efanayo zilahlekisa abanye.

Xa engekho yabo, lo icon ixesha elithile obekwe kwi Kyoto sayivalela, satywina. Ukuba kule meko amabala ioli ayenziwanga inqanyulelwe, kokuba anikwe uluvo olusesikweni kwi mirotochenii. Kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, ngoncedo le ndlela elula, yatyhilwa iimeko ezininzi lobuqhophololo ngokuphandle.

Uviwo olwenziwa uKhesare

Kunika umdla ukuqaphela ukuba izityhilelo nto yokuqala eyaziwayo olu hlobo ukuguqula ezinxulumene igama I. uPetros Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba xa umlawuli waqalisa ukuhlola ngenyameko omnye Marian imifanekiso Iphelelwa 'iinyembezi. " ingqalelo lwakhe andilahlekwanga ngaloo ndlela iimbombo amehlo zazenziwe imingxuma zintle, ezifihlwe enyanzeliswa phezu emthunzini.

Oku kwabangela ukuba aqhubeke uhlolo yakhe ukususa ukutyabeka kwicala le-icon. Phantsi umaleko engaphandle Wasisusa vee ezenziwe ibhodi nje malunga imingxuma emehlweni Virgin. Njengoko kwakulindelekile, bazaliswa ioli elingqingqwa, umhlaba ophantsi kweempembelelo ubushushu, yintlantsi, ilunyekwa phambi icon, linyibilike ngamajelo uyaphuma, ukudala ifuthe lisihla iinyembezi ezidleleni.

, Ebhenca ndlela nenkohliso, umlawuli wakhupha ummiselo ocacisa isohlwayo ezo ziya kusekwa kwaye likugqinile lakhe ityala bubuqhophololo hlobo. Noko ke, ukususela ngoko sele iguqulelwe kwi Russia Lihodey ngokulinganayo kuyidela kwinkundla kaThixo, nomhlaba - mthetho. Kwaye kuyaqhubeka kumfanekiso engcwele flow isibane olusulungekileyo neoli, nentlaka emhlophe usnaschonnym.

Ezinye izinto kuncipha kwi icon

Kodwa ukongezelela umyalelo kaThixo, apho umlambo i icon yemore, ukuguqula ngabom, ziphawulwe, kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela yokusithwa uphawu kumphezulu wazo. Kuqala kwinto zonke, ukuba kuyilwa kakhulu ngokwendalo - ngenxa iimeko zangaphandle.

Ngaphezu koko, lo isizathu kulala wadibana amathontsi oyile emva polyeleos odlula ibandla rite (unction oyile ibunzi), kunye kiss icon ngokubabamba kuyo, shiya nentwana yeoli. Okokugqibela, kukho iimeko xa icon "mirotochit" ngenxa qha ngempazamo ioli wayo komhlaba ukusuka icons ekufuphi nalapho.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le ngxaki yokusetyenziswa iimpethu-hlabathi ayiveli iiayikhoni nawuphi na ilizwe elithile okanye lizwekazi. Umzekelo, abezindaba ulwazi oluninzi ukuba ngokukhutheleyo ungqamanisa icon yokuqhola Abkhazia. Ngazo kule ngokunxulumene imifanekiso elinambini Ilori Church of St George. Kwathi ngelo xesha kakuhle eyaziwa iimeko ezifanayo abhalwe eGrisi, eItali, Canada naseMzantsi Merika.

Zeziphi ii icon efuna imore?

Nika lo mbuzo impendulo ecacileyo kunzima kakhulu. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, kuba wabona ukuba amaninzi linye icon ezintsha noko zipeyintwe ngexesha mashumi yokugqibela. Ulwazi malunga icons bamandulo endulo ayeze mirotochenii kulinganiselwe kakhulu.

Kwaye akunakwenzeka kusengaphambili nini yaye phantsi kwaziphi iimeko oko kunokuthi kwenzeke. Ngesinye ichazwe kwinqaku photo mirotochit icon ye Tsarevich Alexei, ebhalwe imihla yethu (photo inombolo 1), yaye kwelinye - uMsindisi, ogama ubudala ngaphezu kweminyaka elikhulu (photo inombolo 2).

Umntu Ukucengceleza umzekelo ocacileyo ukususela kwixa elidlulileyo. Ngowe-1981, kwiNtaba iAthos, omnye lendela waye icon ye nguMama kaThixo ebhaliweyo. Kunyaka olandelayo wambona yaye wayefuna ukuthenga Canadian iosif Kortes, kodwa wala. Kuba engafuni ukuba ukuphoxa lundwendwe, lendela wamnika uluhlu ukuze uyandithanda umfanekiso. Ngaphambi kokuba i Canadian ikopi eyintsusa iqhotyoshelweyo, waza ke waya ekhaya.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ebuyele Montreal ikopi ezifunyenwe njengesipho, zamirotochila, yaye wahlala iminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba intsalela woonongendi lwantlandlolo iAthos ayikhange ibonakale usibonise ihlabathi. Ngowe-1997, iosif Kortes iqhekeziwe kwabulawa amazwi akhe ezibiweyo. Kodwa ummangaliso zange ayeke apho - ngo-2007, zonke ngequbuliso baqalisa msinga wenza imore kuwo enomfanekiso yephepha.

Ukuba umlambo i icon imore, oko kuthetha ntoni?

Ukususela mzekelo ungentla njani ukuba ukuchaza imvelaphi yale meko ngokwembono ekuqiqeni kwethu eqhelekileyo ayikwazi ukuba. Kutheni Icon mirotochit of Lady yethu, nto leyo bahle yoshicilelo, kwaye exudes yokuqala nentlaka emnandi, abhalwe woonongendi engcwele kwiNtaba iAthos? Kunzima ukunika nayiphi na impendulo ephangaleleyo le imibuzo emininzi efanayo. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo - Akukwazi kuthi intsingiselo efihlakeleyo lo mmangaliso. Ukuba oku kube ngumqondiso, yandomeleza phezu, ubona ukukhanya kuyo thina Banika aboni, yeha, akukho kunikwa. Inye kuphela singatsho ngezinga elithile ngokuqiniseka, - imore asinto ebonisa icon ngokungummangaliso, apho kwabonakala.

Icon amangalisayo Russia

Ke zona ii icon, eneneni sidume imimangaliso, ukuba ngokutsho data ezisemthethweni ezikhoyo ezifumanekayo ukuya kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya, kuba imbali yabo of Christianity eRashiya, kukho malunga namawaka. Uninzi lwazo imifanekiso ungowokubongwa Virgin Mary. Kuzo zonke iimeko, intlonelo ngenxa ngoncedo ezithile enikwa abantu. Ngokuqhelekileyo loo nto ephilisa abagulayo, ukukhuselwa ekuhlaselweni utshaba, imililo, kwakunye ndahlukane nezinganyangekiyo kunye nembalela.

enxulumene amaninzi ne ummangaliso-ukusebenza icon iziganeko ezahlukeneyo amakhulu. Umzekelo, lo mkhuba nguMama nguThixo ephupheni, ebonisa indawo ethile apho kuya efumaneka indlela yayo, lihamba icon emoyeni, lovela kubo ziyavutha nangaphezulu. Kukho iimeko imifanekiso ngokungummangaliso ukulungiswa yaye eza kubo iivoti.