Imvelaphi Lake zamanzi. Lake izimvu emephini. Age zamanzi isitya

Imvelaphi of Lake zamanzi ziitectonic plates. Sikhoyo eSiberia; Yeyona zinzulu ehlabathini. Eli chibi zonke iindawo ezingqonge zimiwe ziintlobo ngendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye ezizodwa lezilwanyana kunye nezityalo. An into umdla kukuba kule Russian Federation, Baykal ebizwa ulwandle.

Okwangoku, kukho iimbambano malunga bangaphi ngokwenene ziguge echibini. Njengomgaqo, sonke ngqo le sikhokelo: Iminyaka million 25-35. Noko ke, malunga izibalo echanekileyo kukho iingxoxo. Oku "ebomini" ukuze chibi uncharacteristic kakhulu, njengoko umthetho, yonke Lakes Umgxobhozo emva 10-15 iminyaka eliwaka yobukho.

ulwazi jikelele geographical

Lake izimvu ise kumbindi Asia, oko lususela ntshona ukuya mpuma. ubude bayo - 620 km, ububanzi ubuncinane - 24 km, kwaye ubuninzi - 79 km. Unxweme ibanga 2 amawaka. Km. Lake isitya engqongwe iinduli neentaba. Kunxweme olusentshona uhlobo engumnqantsa enamatye. Xa elunxwemeni wasempumalanga flat.

Le umzimba yamanzi ngokunzulu ehlabathini. Jikelele Lake izimvu indawo ka-31 amawaka. ^Km2. I-avareji ubunzulu ichibi - 744 leemitha. Ngenxa yokuba ukudakumba kweyoku-1 amawaka. M ngaphantsi kwenqanaba le-World Ocean somfula chibi yenye ebalaseleyo.

umthamo wamanzi Fresh - 23 amawaka km ^{3 ..} Phakathi amachibi izimvu ubekwa kwindawo yesibini kulo mzobo. Ikhapitali oLwandle lweCaspian, kodwa umahluko kukuba amanzi amtyuba yokugqibela. An into umdla kukuba ichibi unalo isixa esikhulu amanzi yonke inkqubo the Great Lakes.

In XIX kufunyaniswe ukuba 336 zeyele amanzi echibini yhuu. Okwangoku, akukho manani ngqo, kunye oosonzululwazi kuthiwa rhoqo data ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka 544 ukuya 1120.

amanzi Climate nechibi

Inkcazelo Lake izimvu ivumela ukuba siqonde ukuba ichibi amanzi iqulethe eninzi ioksijini, izimbiwa ezaneleyo (kwamaqondo eparticulate kwaye ichithwe) kunye ukungcola organic.

Ngenxa amanzi apha lwemozulu kubanda kakhulu. Summer amaqondo Ingaphandle musa ukudlula degrees 9, ubuncinane - 15 degrees. Yaba lobushushu liphezulu 23 degrees kwezinye matheku.

Xa amanzi blue (njenge umthetho, kuba abanjalo entwasahlobo), sibona ezantsi edikeni, ukuba ubunzulu kule ngongoma akufuneki ube ngaphezu kweemitha ezingama-40. Ehlotyeni nasekwindla kombala ukuba imibala amanzi lingekho, elubala uba ubuncinane (hayi m ngaphezu kwe-10). Iityuwa nawo ezincinane, kwaye ke zinokusetyenziswa njengoko amanzi enkolo.

qhwa

Owayevunyelwe-up kuqhubeka ukususela ekuqaleni kuka January kunye elishumi yokuqala kaMatshi. Ice ligcwale kumphezulu ichibi, ngaphandle koko leyo yokuma. Ukususela ngoJuni ukuya kuSeptemba i izimvu ukuvula for navigation.

ngokuqhelekileyo Ice ubukhulu akufuneki ube ngaphezu kweemitha-2. Xa kukho kuneqabaka enzima, ice iintanda zahlulwe phakathi eliqela enkulu. Njengomgaqo, izikhewu kwenzeka kwiindawo efanayo. Ngelo xesha linye zihamba umsindo elikhulu kakhulu esikhumbuza kuqhume okanye iindudumo. Ingxaki Lake izimvu akucacanga ngokupheleleyo, kodwa oku esisiseko. Ngenxa iintanda iintlanzi musa kufa, ngokuba amanzi ahlanganiswe oksijini. Ngenxa yokuba umkhenkce idlule imitha yelanga kwi lona lisiza zikhule kakuhle.

Imvelaphi of Lake zamanzi

Imibuzo malunga nemvelaphi izimvu nangoku awunayo impendulo ecacileyo, kwaye oosonzululwazi ingxoxo ngayo. Ngoku kukho ubungqina bokuba ngaselunxwemeni ngoku hayi ngaphezulu kwe-8 eliwaka iminyaka, kunye novimba ngokwalo apho ixesha elide.

Abanye abaphandi abavuma ukuba imvelaphi Lake izimvu ngenxa yobukho abona yokwaleka, omnye - i inguqu kwindawo amadlala, kwaye eyesithathu - ingozi ye kwipleyiti yaseYurophu. Kule umzimba amanzi nangoku iyatshintsha ngenxa neenyikima rhoqo.

Ngokuqinisekileyo kuyaziwa kuphela ukuba ukudakumba, leyo Lake izimvu - ukuba wonile. isakhiwo sayo iyafana isakhiwo kuLwandle oluFileyo.

Ngemvelaphi uhehema lwesitya Lake izimvu zibe kwixesha Mesozoic. Noko ke, ezinye unoluvo lokuba kwenzeke kwiminyaka million 25 eyadlulayo. Ekubeni dama iye nezitya eziliqela, ahluke ngexesha ukusekwa kunye nesakhiwo. Okwangoku, ukuvela yemali ezintsha. Ngenxa ukunyikima ngaphantsi kwamanzi washiya siqithi yaye inxalenye encinane bay kwasekwa. Ngowe-1959, ngenxa ukuya ezantsi intlekele yendalo kwechibi liye lehla nge iimitha eziliqela phantsi.

Phantsi yomhlaba njalo kwi umhlaba ubushushu, oku kuchatshazelwa ngamandla ngemvelaphi uhehema lwesitya Lake zamanzi. Ezi ngamayelenqe belizwe bakwazi ukukhulisa kolu qweqwe lomhlaba, kuyityumza ukuba ukugqabhuza. Kungenzeka, inkqubo efanayo isigqibo ekubunjweni iintaba angqonge yonke le ndawo. Okwangoku, misinga ziitectonic plates ndingqongwe izimvu phantse kuzo zonke macala.

Abaninzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle into yokuba nyaka ngamnye iselunxwemeni kude olunye 2-3 cm. Imvelaphi Lake izimvu nefuthe umsebenzi yenyikima kule ndawo. Ke kaloku, kule ndawo ichibi akukho mlilo, kodwa umsebenzi mlilo isekhona.

Uncedo ichibi eyenziwe phantsi ice yobudala. Kwezinye moraines waphawula impembelelo yabo. Ichibi yawa lunamahlwili amhlophe ubungakanani imitha ukuya ku-120. Kunokwenzeka oko, yokuba imvelaphi izimvu Lake iye yanxulunyaniswa ukunyibilika komkhenkce floes. Kodwa siyazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuba edamini ixesha elide ayigqitywanga ngumkhenkce, ukwenza ubomi usekhona.

Biota

Izimvu utyebile intlanzi kunye nezityalo. Kuyinto likhaya leentlobo 2000 izilwanyana zaselwandle. Abaninzi kubo - zifumaneka apha, oko kukuthi, aphile kuphela kule ndawo. Loo inani elikhulu abahlali namachibi ngenxa yokuba emanzini enesiqulatho eyaneleyo ioksijini. Kudla kukho kwezilwanyana epishura. Zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi izimvu njengoko enze umsebenzi lokucoca ulwelo.

Amanqanaba zophononongo nozinziso echibini

Ngokutsho kwamaxwebhu bafunyanwa ngenxa yokuba uhlolo izimvu, kwinkulungwane XII kwintsimi osecaleni omiweyo yi Buryats. kuqala Baye kakuhle elunxwemeni entshona, yaye kamva waya Transbaikalia. zokuhlala Russian wabonakala kuphela kwinkulungwane XVIII.

Imeko eziphilayo

Izimvu sele eziphilayo ekhethekileyo. Ngowe-1999, imigaqo esemthethweni ekhusela umzimba amanzi aye athathwa. kombuso sifakelwe ulawula yonke imisebenzi yomntu. iingxaki Lake izimvu ezinxulumene ne nangokukrola imithi, ochaphazela kakhulu okusingqongileyo. Abantu ababandakanyekayo ngezinto ezinjalo, kufuneka atshutshiswe ngumthetho.

Imvelaphi yegama

Lo mbuzo awukacaci, kwaye kwedatha enikiweyo zizazinzulu, zahluke kakhulu. Okwangoku kukho ingcaciso ngaphezu elishumi liyavumelana. Ezinye zisekelwe kwinguqulelo obakhoyo imvelaphi igama ulwimi zamaTurkic (Bai-Kul), abanye - Mongolian (Bagan, kwakhona Baigal UDalai). Abantu ababehlala elunxwemeni edikeni, yena igama ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo: Lamu, Beihai, Beigang Nuur.

Ngu izimvu linokufikeleleka balo naliphi icala. Njengomgaqo, abakhenkethi kububona kwi Severobaikalsk kunye Irkutsk kunye Ulan-Ude.

A kwiikhilomitha ezimbalwa ukusuka Irkutsk Listvyanka ibekwe - ekunene ecaleni ichibi lali. Nguye okhokela kwinani labakhenkethi. Apho unako ukuchitha iholide yakho inxaxheba Nentabalala abathanda ubuhle kwedike.

Elunxwemeni osemantla Lake izimvu is resort Khakusy. Ukongeza, ungafumana Iindlela.