Indlu ka-Amon e Karnak: inkcazelo, imbali umdla facts

Ngemihla laseYiputa yamandulo kwisiza se kwilali ikhoyo Karnak, esasingakunxweme ngasempumalanga Nile hayi kude ukusuka kwiziko lolawulo elikhulu Luxor, yayisesona sixeko sikhulu ukuba saseNo elithile. Kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela ukuba ikomkhulu karhulumente yonke. Kulapha kwiminyaka engamawaka amane eyadlulayo, ulwakhiwo kunayo itempile ezintsonkothileyo, namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba endlwini yothixo Amon e Karnak.

I-mkhulu koothixo Egiptak yamandulo

Phambi kokuba uqale ibali malunga nale wokwakha ikhethekileyo, kufuneka kubekho ubuncinane ukubazi ngokufutshane abo kulungiselwe bona amawaka amakhoboka ukuyakha ukuba namakhulu ambalwa. Phakathi oothixo abaninzi baseYiputa oothixo Amon yabamba sikhundla lubalaseleyo. Yena obumntwisiweyo kwelanga - oko kukuthi, amandla apho bonke ubomi ngasechwebeni loMnayile iye subordinated.

Ukufudumala ngokudangazela kwaso, nokuba litshatshazi, laba spike okuziinkozo ngokupheleleyo-epheleleyo incoko, kodwa isenokuba koma emhlabeni, ewushiya lokudubula kwifama entlango efile. Rhoqo kusasa na, abaselula ukutsha, waye unyuka usiya ezulwini yaye, emva ngangohambo lwemini, kwaye ukwaluphala induku lehla ngezantsi kunina, ukuba baqale kwakhona ngomso. Ngoko awayemiselwe, kunye nabantu - kumjikelo obungunaphakade ubomi aluphale, ukuze sife kunye uzalwe kwakhona abantwana babo.

Temple of Karnak

I-mkhulu koothixo zanikezelwa endlwini Karnak kunye Luxor. Itempile, esiqhutywa ibali lethu, ekuqaleni ibe ezintathu. Eyokuqala iye yanikezelwa kuye, oko kukuthi omkhulu uthixo onamandla Amun Ra, owesibini - umfazi wakhe Mut, ukubukelwa zonke ookumkanikazi, apho owayemiselwe ukuzisa ulonwabo ilizwe ngenkangeleko yakhe phezu kwalo, yaye, ekugqibeleni, eyesithathu - unyana wenyanga-uthixo Khonsu. Ngenxa yoko, isicwangciso le tempile kwi Karnak ekuqaleni wabonisa inani izakhiwo amalungiselelo phezu axis eqhelekileyo nesilungiselelwe ukuba niqubude kulo triad engcwele.

kwiminyaka emine engamawaka eyadlulayo, IThebes, ekubeni ikomkhulu laseYiputa, yaba kunezizwana omzi wakowayo, leyo ilikhaya kubantu phantse kwesiqingatha sesigidi. imfazwe amaninzi kwaye ukoyisa sijongise unikezelo inani ezizweni oyiswe nezihlwele ingenakubalwa amakhoboka. Akumangalisi ukuba ooFaro wayenako iindleko zokwakha, enkulu nkqu ngemilinganiselo yanamhlanje. Ke imali, nokubulaleka bandile.

Stone ibonisa ngasechwebeni loMnayile

Elimiswe itempile Amon e Karnak phakathi XVI XI BC. e., bonke ooFaro abalawula kule nkulungwane, wazama phambili amagama abo kulo, kugcinwe inkumbulo yayo. Thutmoses I, umz, iiobelisk emininzi sakhiwe eqingqiweyo, obonisa oko kumfanekiso uthixo Osiris. Andizange ubunzima beneentloni kakhulu kunye nomzukulwana wakhe Tuthmosis III, wakha ebizwa njalo-Hall of Annals, iindonga ezo oqingqiweyo amabali uloyiso bakhe brilliant emkhosini. Kwakhona adumisa yokoyisa kwakhe e-Asia, zakhiwe kwinxalenye esemantla leqela le endlwini isithixokazi imfazwe Sekhmet.

Imifanekiso nobomi ooFaro wayisithelisa enezintlu ezininzi ayivathise itempile Amon Ra Karnak. Imbali ewu iinkulungwane ezininzi zobomi eYiputa Ancient, ugcinwe encwadini yeembali elulwalweni. Ukongeza kubalawuli yelizwe kwizifundo zabo abahlala indawo ababingeleli ebalulekileyo, ogama nefuthe nokubaluleka ebomini kawonke kwandiswa kunye nokwandiswa kwezi zakhiwo.

Ngenzuzo yemfundo

Umdla kakhulu kule nkalo banentsomi endawo isixelela indlela umbingeleli nobuganga nzima ukuze igunya kunye naye uFaro. Yena waba yimpumelelo kakhulu kwishishini lakhe ukuba abaphathi uloyiko ezinkulu yokulahleka kwetrone. Kuba engafuni ukuba emngciphekweni, wayalela amajoni ukuba bambambe umbingeleli njengoko umngcatshi kwaye nokufa.

Kodwa kwenzeka, zasebukhosini Wabonakala etempileni ngomhla neyure xa ilanga lifika, nto leyo ngokuqinisekileyo umbingeleli wayesazi ngenxa yokuba, njengabo bonke oogxa bakhe, ngeenkwenkwezi emihle. Emva ekuphumeni ngexesha elifanelekileyo eludongeni lwetempile, wakha izandla zakhe ezulwini, wabonwa ehlabathini lonke umthetho ilanga ukuba babalekele ebumnyameni elandelayo shwaka zonke iintshaba zakhe. Kulula ukucinga indlela abasabela ngayo abaphulaphuli xa kwehle amazwi akhe, umhlaba obugutyungelwe sisithokothoko. Isiphumo salo ukuba umbingeleli bakhanyiselwa wathabatha indawo kaFaro, owabulawelwa ngomhla isihlwele kwi ngokuyalelwa yakhe.

KoFaro - abakhi yetempile

Indlu ka-Amon e Karnak yandiswa kakhulu XIII BC. e. abakhi bayo yaqala uFaro kweli thuba Seti I kunye nonyana wakhe Ramesses II, izenzo zabo wathola isihloko of Great. Bakha tempile kummandla kweholo Hypostyle anokuthi kubethelela kunye ubungakanani bayo, hayi kuphela abemi ngamaxesha amandulo, kodwa bomhla zethu. Kwi indawo amawaka amahlanu square metres lemiqolo elinesithandathu enye elinamanci mathathu amane imiqolo olufakwe, wayifulela amacwecwe egolide.

Iinkqubo Queen Hatshepsut

Xa BC ngenkulungwane XV. e. endlwini yothixo Amon kwi Karnak yongezwe kakhulu uFaro ababhinqileyo Hatshepsut igama. Ukuqhubeka umsebenzi kayise, Thutmose II, uye wakha kuso inani iipayiloni - ngesango imilo yephiramidi thumbanails, oku kuye kwenyuka phantse isiqingatha Mut Temple wakha amaphenyane engcwele eyahlukileyo yasezulwini Amun Ra, kamva eyabizwa ngokuba Red Orchestra. Ezindongeni ongengowale ndalo, sakhiwe zelitye lenyengane emnyama nebomvu, zaba nemikrolo yi iinkosi zamandulo ziye kwindawo ibekwa.

Noko ke, le tempile yaba ukuba baphile de kube namhlanje. Kwinkulungwane kamva yatshatyalaliswa omnye umlawuli waseYiputa - Amenhotep III. iibloko Granite, apho yakhiwa, isetyenziswe kwisakhiwo into ekwakheni kwezinye izakhiwo. Kuphela kakhulu kamva, ixesha Hellenic kuthiwa xa Aleksandre Makedonskom ingcwele sele zenziwe kodwa ngokubonakalayo ifomu kuguquka.

Ebudeni bolawulo Hatshepsut Temple of Amon Ra Karnak wawuhombisa ezine iiobelisk zamatye monolithic - inkulu kwezi ekhoyo ngelo xesha eYiputa. Omnye basinda de imihla yethu. Oqingqiweyo ukusuka lenyengane elibomvu, ifikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha mathathu.

Kuloo minyaka efanayo, ukumkanikazi wayelungiselela ukubetha emhlabeni isakhiwo esikhulu. Xa waqala ukuveliswa omnye litye lesikhumbuzo, i liphezulu kwimbali weYiputa yamandulo. Njengoko ukhawule wabaseki, kwakufuneka ahambe kumathambeka phezu komhlaba ngenxa kwimitha mane enye kwaye inobunzima ungabi ngaphantsi kwe kwamakhulu amabini amawaka iitoni. Kodwa lo msebenzi ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo azikhange zigqitywe.

zokwakha ngakumbi zakhiwo

Apho kudibana XIV kunye kwiinkulungwane XIII BC. e., ngezinye uFaro Horemheb, zazizaliswe up iipayiloni abathathu kwaye kwakukho Ilungiselelo adumileyo sphinxes. Abalawuli ubukhosi olandelayo wasebenza nzima. Indlu ka-Amon e Karnak, abhalisa kunye kwindlela umNayile, kumacala omabini apho efakiweyo ramheaded sphinxes. On campus Bamise omnye ipaseji, iipali ezimbini ezintsha, yaye phezulu kuyo yonke kuqiniseka imifanekiso omkhulukazi.

umthandazo New Amon

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, unqulo Amun fumene umlinganiswa inkolo yesizwe. Qho ngonyaka Agasti, xa kukho izikhukula iNayile, umfanekiso wakhe ngokunzulu baphume etempileni kunye Ilungiselelo sphinxes kunye umngcelele abaninzi basiwa Luxor, apho isithixo iyahlaziywa kunye nomhlaba, sabuya saphila emva kweenyanga yimbalela.

Apha uFaro uqobo ngomthandazo, abhekiswe oothixo, ingakumbi omkhulu Amon Ra, ababefuna iintsikelelo zabo kunyaka omtsha. Emva kokugqiba lo mthandazo, waphuma waya ebantwini, ngokuzalisa yonke indawo omelene etempileni, yaye ejongene umNayile, bonke bacula ingoma yokudumisa lomlambo, ngoko ngesisa izlivshey amanzi yabo kwelanga-ziphawulwe Karnak.

Indawo Egypt - endlwini Amun Ra

Kodwa Sekudlule laza ihlabathi itshintshe ubuso bayo. Zazingekho na oothixo baseYiputa yamandulo, kodwa wahlala phantsi nolophu ezikhumbuzo ilanga Afrika ngelo xesha ngenyameko yalondolozwa kwinzala abakhi zabo. Ngowe-1979, kwafika uluhlu UNESCO Heritage World kunye Karnak Temple (Amon Ra). Inkcazelo, imbali kunye namhlanje esi sakhiwo ezizodwa ziye phantsi ukuphicothwa uluntu ehlabathini, aze qho ngonyaka ezitsala amawaka abakhenkethi. Akumangalisi ke, ingeniso eyenziwe ngurhulumente wabo, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-mali.

Kwaye nangona kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, phakathi kwezinye zakudala waseYiputa satshatyalaliswa kunye endlwini yothixo Amon kwi Karnak, ncomo tyelela ibonisa bakhe ukuba le ilinxuwa, yena ukunyanzela kunye okumangalisayo. Kwi-web sayithi kunye neenkampani umdla ezifundisa waya eYiputa, apho wayesele kweli lizwe emangalisayo ukuba babelane ngamava abo, njalo kukho ubungqina bomntu okubangwa isakhiwo enjalo olukhulu umsebenzi omkhulu eye isetyenziswe ekwakhiweni kwayo.

Ingaba nayiphi na ke ukwazi ukuba le tempile yenye zawo ezingqongileyo kubakhenkethi ithandwayo namhlanje. Ngenkankulu naphi na apha ehlabathini nifunyanwe kwi elikhulu, kodwa esavalelwe indawo enjalo intabalala ezikhumbuzo zembali, leyo yahlukanisiwe ukusuka kwenye nenye ngexesha lokudalwa for inqwaba kangangeenkulungwane. Ukongeza, kwiminyaka yakutshanje kwintsimi yayo zibanjwa wamazwi ibonisa imihla ngemihla, kuquka ukukhanyisa kunye nezandi, kwaye ukubalisa ibali etempileni. Konke oku kwenza utyelelo lwakhe umdla nekulula ngokungaqhelekanga.