Ivan Bunin - umbhali yokuqala Russian ngubani wawongwa isihloko eziphakamileyo Nobel Peace Prize. Le mbasa yanikwa nje inkosi enkulu amazwi, Connoisseur ulwimi, lihlaba lyrics, kodwa lonke zobugcisa Russian ebusweni bakhe, ukuba uncwadi omhle kwenkulungwane ye-19 nasekuqaleni kweyama-20, nto leyo wayemela. Umbhali lo nxi enzima. Musa ukubona revolution konyaka-17, besothusa wamagazi yemfazwe yamakhaya, Bunin wemka eRashiya, kodwa esazi ukuba yokwahlukana kuye ubuthi ubukho kwayo iminyaka emininzi. Kodwa ke, xa ekuthinjweni, uIvan uhlala enyanisekile yena, kakhulu Russian ngomoya, enyanisweni umntu, yaye zonke umgca kuwo, ebhalwe emveni kokuphuma Russia.
iimpawu ngokubanzi
Ingqokelela "Dark iindawo" abahlalutyi bathi "dada ingoma" lombhali. Enyanisweni, zange ngaphambili, akazange abhale ngamphefumlo gaze lyricism, ngoko luyacolwa ephilileyo, ngokulangazelela engenasiphelo kunye nentlungu malunga eyimfihlakalo, eqaqambileyo ekrakra imvakalelo - nemvakalelo yothando. Ewe, uthando - nto ibubudenge, ukuba Awekho logic kunye izibalo abanakwanela esililini Procrustean of yokucinga mercantilist ngomtshato, izinto eziphathekayo amanye amatyala. Yena ikhangeleka ibhabhathane ephaphazelayo, osisaqhwithi iqhwa okanye ezinamagqabi apile kwi ibhudlwa ngumoya, yena - ezifana sunstroke, ebetha ngesiquphe, ukususela ndawo - yaye ndawo, wathi Ivan Bunin. "Dark iindawo", yingqokelela yamabali, ogama omnye kubo, ichaza iinkalo ezahlukeneyo kule imvakalelo. Kodwa sonke simunye yi ingcamango eqhelekileyo: uthando yintlekele, ulonwabo bantu akwenzeki kweli hlabathi, oko nkum kakhulu kophule phantsi impembelelo kweemeko imilingo, bemlinga abengezelayo, kodwa loo ethe akhazimlayo ibhola.
"Siye wema mnyama Linden nasezirhangeni ..."
Kodwa emva komjikelo. Kwixesha elinzima kakhulu ubomi yena wabhala Bunin "Dark iindawo". Isishwankathelo kubo singachazwa njengento encyclopedia ezahlukeneyo uthando AMD. Wobuciko wadalwa ngexesha leMfazwe yeHlabathi yeSibini, xa France wabandezeleka ukusuka imisebenzi lwamaNazi, yaye kuqaqambe intliziyo zombhali exhaleni ngenxa bayahlelwa lokhokho. Ivan ngokwakhe mpofu ndingenathemba, kuyo yonke wedwa, rhoqo elambile, ediniwe ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni. Aid akukho ukulinda, yaye kuphela umsebenzi owuthandayo inceda ekugqibeleni lithemba. Danduluka ngokusuka entliziyweni, unxano lithemba ufuna ukuqonda, uvelwano, imfudumalo yabantu, iimvakalelo real - yiloo nto yazala Bunin "Dark iindawo". Umxholo elifutshane ibali elifutshane nganye kuza waziqhekeza ukuhlala oku.
Eli libali lokuqala ukuqokelelwa, awamnika igama komjikelo. beqhawe, kanye igosa elikroti, kunye nendoda endala ngoku elibharhileyo, kodwa owenkawu nomtsalane, akufundayo xa umnini balalisa uthando lokuqala, nabakhonzazana, unina wakhe, Ithemba. Lwakuba nje kwaba Nicholas ezingcakacileyo, kakhulu entle ngenkangeleko yaye oselula waqhubeka engqondweni yakhe. Kodwa, njengesiqhelo, kuba zitshone zisabonakala, yaye iimvakalelo, kunye nemibongo malunga "iindawo ezimnyama". Heroes wayezeke inkazana kwisangqa yakhe, kodwa ayiphumelelanga. Unyana wakhulela njengonqevu kunye nomfazi udinga wamshiya, yaye ndililolo kakhulu yaye bengonwabanga. Nguwo lo umrhumo ukungcatshwa uthando, kuba umngcatsha kangcwele - ngokwakhe, "Mna" lakhe.
Sihloko sinye ekwafanekisa ibali "Rusya" - idrama ezichuliweyo nasengqondweni, nto leyo esixelela Bunin. "Dark iindawo" (isishwankathelo i "Rus", ngoku cinga), unako kubizwa ngegama-isikweko. Yinto nje umgca ivesi nje - le nasezirhangeni imiphefumlo heroes, uninzi iikona zabo olukude, amaphupha ngasese, umsindo, iinkumbulo. Ngenxa yokuba inxalenye yebali inikwa xa ndibukisisa kakuhle, njengoko ibali iziganeko zangaphambili no-kungabikho nkqu pops up ezingqondweni amaqhawe uzisole ngento beze yinyaniso, kodwa kube njalo. A bhala nostalgia, balangazelele elidlulileyo kwaye ulwazi nakwenzeka ulonwabo kwixesha elizayo - oku lonke Bunin "Dark iindawo". Isishwankathelo i "Russia" ivumela ukuba baqonde loo mbandezelo ukusuka imigca yokuqala: isikhephe, emangalisayo Russian River indawo, isibini esitshatileyo, kutshanje ukutshata. Yaye inkumbulo ligorha ukuthanda kwintombazana ababekhe bahlala apha - kwiindawo ukuba isecaleni. iminyaka umfundi ikhululekile, ubusuku unxila ukwanga, umzimba ntombazana eshushu ngayo, amava lokuqala ubuhlobo ngokwasemzimbeni, ulonwabo Uyageza, kwaye intlungu efanayo elibukhali ukususela yokuba amandla angaphandle ububi kubukrazula abathandi ngaphandle. "Ulonwabo bekunokwenzeka njalo ... Kusondele ..." Kodwa zange yenzeke.
Kanti ke, nangona ilizwi jikelele ebuhlungu, "sekhefu elilodwa Dark iindlela ', imvakalelo ukukhanyiselwa. Yiloo nto ngaye wayekwangumbhali wayibiza incwadi akhe. Collection ngokwenene usixelela elithambileyo ezintle, nto leyo maxa wambi wenza buhlungu engathethekiyo, kodwa olona lonwabo - ngokothando. Uthando bomfazi a lokhokho.