Kutheni iinqanawa? Archimedes uchaza

Kukho lamandulo malunga nendlela Archimedes wafumanisa umthetho wakhe. Wakhonza Syracusan ukumkani nguHeron II njenge umcebisi kwimiba ngokubanzi. UTom yayivelisa isithsaba segolide ezithatyathwe zobuncwane. Zizakubalulwa deep urhano ukumkani wayalela Archimedes ukufumanisa ukuba inkosi zange ndibe igolide ukuba ifakwe ingxubevange kunokuba ngaphantsi kwe zesinyithi amanene. bavunyelwe ukuba bahlaziye isithsaba, ungayilinganisi yona ukusombulula le ngxaki, kodwa nayiphi na imeko ukuba ukuphazamisa ubuhle.

Khangela nokusombulula

Le eliyalelweyo nguHeron II, kwabonakala ezingenakunyibilika. Archimedes wachitha ixesha elininzi ukulinganisa izinto ngamnye isithsaba, kodwa rhoqo baphambuka-akhawunti. imilinganiselo badiniwe izibalo, waya sokuhlambela, nangalo elo xesha sele bakhiwe laseSirakuse nje omnye apho maqula kwakufuneka uthathe amayeza amanzi. Kwenye yezi maqula wafaka umzimba wakhe enokufa kunye Archimedes. Wamangaliswa kukuba ubhaptizo lwamanzi waqalisa flow phezu imiphetho. Yena egcwaliswe amanzi umva ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye kancinci, ezama amdaka achitheke nto, waqalisa likude entsha. Amanzi wamthatha, ngokokuze ngaphandle kweshedi ngaphandle. Ngonkqangazo olukhulu of "Eureka!" - Archimedes aphuma. Wabaleka isihla ngesitrato, ndizilibala ukuba aziphose phezu nantoni na iimpahla. Abantu sebenzisa ukuzibandeza ze umenzi enkulu, ngoko bhideki nje kukhala, hayi uhlobo kaArchimedes. Ukusebenzisa indebe yokulinganisa, umphandi Kulula ukubala umthamo isithsaba, esazi lexinene yegolide kunye ubunzima, sizimisele isixa metal, esityiwa ngasese a othengisa. kwetyala Speedy avune noArchimedes, yingcibi wabulawa njengesilumkiso kwabanye.

Ukuhlola lencopho models inqanawa

Ukuvulwa umthamo abafudukayo akakafiki kwakhokelela kwithiyori imizimba diving. ngokucacileyo umthetho Archimedes laliqulunqwe kuphela emva uthotho amalinge, ngenxa zokusekwa umthetho zonke izinto emanzini. Umzekelo, amatye akazange avuke kumphezulu eziqwenga ezomileyo iinkuni wahamba. Zazakhiwe imifuziselo ezincinane imikhombe, babekwa sokuhlambela. On imifanekiso sinendawo ngenqanawa izinto ezahlukeneyo. Imigqaliselo lwenziwa rhoqo. Ngenxa yoko, kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba xa kulayishwa isikhephe ezincinci ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba wahlala lezimali. umthetho Archimedes ke wamchazela ukuyilayisha inqanawa. It lenkosikazi fluid ngakumbi, nto leyo egcina kuyo.

umthetho Archimedes. Amalinge ngeenqanawa real

Umsunguli benelungelo onobuhle bafudukela iinqanawa ngokwenene eyakhelwe phezu yokwakhela encinane yaseSyracuse. Ngelo xesha kwakukho kakade ezincinane iinqanawa, ukuba ukubeka zokulinganisa ukuphucula uzinzo. Maxa wambi obekwe inqanawa waqalisa ukutshona. Ngokwenza kunye imposiso nabakhi wenqanawa isitya ngamnye omtsha kukhetha izicwangciso kangangoko. Apha Umsunguli onesiphiwo yaba uncedo olungxamisekileyo kakhulu, abaziinkunkqele kuchazwa Archimedes, zokudada imizimba ngoku natyeka ndlela yenzululwazi. Kukho ubungqina bokuba kaArchimedes wanikwa inombolo lwezoyilo umdla iinqanawa watshona utshaba beemoto ngokungqalileyo kunye icala. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yahlawulwa gallery evenkileni. Ezi mpahla uhambo olude ngaphesheya koLwandle lweMeditera. Kwakufuneka ukuthutha izixa ezikhulu impahla, ngoko ke ukufakwa olufanelekileyo impahla negalelo nokusetyenziswa bhetele indawo. Apha wanceda izibalo kunye izibalo umenzi, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa umgaqo Archimedes '. Hydraulics intshukumo olutshintshayo isitya ntli ngoku isekelwe kwi ukubala ngqo.

Ezinye izicelo yoMthetho of noArchimedes

Aeronautics, ezivele Ekuveleni XVIII-XIX iinkulungwane, kuvela, kuxhomekeke kwindlela yabantu, owayehlala ukususela 287 212 BC. e. umthetho Archimedes 'ukuba shushu ibhaloni lomoya, iibhaluni kunye nebhaluni kubangelwe ikakhulu amathuba umntu ukuba athathe off ngenxa ulwazi. Ukubala lift for aeronauts moya (njalo kuxokwa-abalandeli ukuba ukubhabha enye) zicacisa umyinge wayo moya. Okwangoku Aeronautics komkhosi eyayibanjelwe ezithile kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo eRashiya nakwamanye amazwe. andize ngebhaluni yomoya oshushu ukuba bayinqule ababukeli, uluhlu nakakhulu iminqweno eveliswe yi-nxaxheba ka-moya.