Amatye anqabileyo

amatye anqabileyo - wokuqala kuyo yonke igolide, nesilivere, platinum. Abayi phantsi umhlwa kunye namachibi, yaye oku ezibenza bahluke kwezinye zesinyithi. koovimba babo mancinane, kodwa iimveliso zabo ezikhethekileyo ngokwenene. Kudidi ziquka iintsimbi zobunene kunye platinum, ezifana palladium, ruthenium, iridium, rhodium kunye osmium. Platinum but is uzinzo ezahlukeneyo thermal, ductility, nokumelana, reflectivity kunye emissivity, nawo conductivity thermal kunye zombane kunye neempawu eliphezulu ngemagnethi. Ezi iimpawu ezizodwa emzimbeni kunye yamachiza nje isinyithi kuphela ngokwabo, kodwa iikhompawundi zabo izinto zokufunda ngenxa yabo: aluminiyamu, ehlanganisa, Ithatyathwe emigutyeni yonke, Ipeyinti, oxide bhanya. Bona sele umchiza kunye petrochemical kwezoshishino, elektroniki, umbane, enyukliya enomjukujelwa ubugcisa, isixhobo. Lwezi methali zinika eqinisekiswe ukuthembeka esebenzayo ikhompyutha, kwakunye izixhobo zokulinganisela kunye nolawulo kunye lezixhobo.

Zonke izinyithi zobunene iimpawu ezibalulekileyo eziya kudingeka ukwenziwa ubucwebe ezahlukeneyo. Ukuba iimpawu ezifana ukuthamba, ductility, plasticity, ubuchule kunye naluphi na uhlobo lwesinyithi ekuhlanganiseni. Ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ukuba nabizelwa anqabileyo.

Le metal elinqabileyo kakhulu imali eninzi - igolide. Nguwo lowo metal kuphela ukuba unalo umbala etyheli lema uhlobo ecocekileyo. Ukuba yeenzipho wayo, ubhobhoyi liya linyuka. Gold abawuthobeli igcwala emoyeni, ukumelana ukuba ukufuma kuyo. Ngenxa yayo tsenneyshemu impahla - ukuxhathisa eekhemikhali yonke qela iintsimbi igolide zibonwa kakhulu amanene. Ishishini jewelry sisiseko aluminiyamu ngegolide ecocekileyo ezixabisekileyo.

Abaninzi bakhetha amatye anqabileyo emhlophe, ingakumbi izacholo. metal enjalo zesilivere. Ukongeza izihombo zesilivere ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa zokutya, izitya. isiliva ngomshini inawo lula. Le metal iye ductility, plasticity, malleability. Ikwabonakala yi reflectivity eliphezulu kuye, conductivity thermal kunye zombane. Inxalenye ebonakalayo isilivere kufunxwa ezisetyenziswa elektroniki, lezixhobo, ngokuba ayenza, ukutyabeka yezibuko, kufota. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kwemida yesi wentsimbi sanda. Ngu ukufuma yesilivere ayikho izinzile kakhulu. Ayizuzayo umthunzi mnyama.

Kwakhona izinyithi zobunene ziquka platinum kunye noluhlu wayo - heavy metal kunye eliyinjubaqa. Endalweni akukho platinum ekwimo yayo ecocekileyo. It inikwa ngohlobo ingxubevange yendalo kunye namanye amatye anqabileyo ezifana palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium. Platinum, a lukhuni ngaphezu kwegolide nesiliva. ukumelana Chemical kancinane abachaphazelekayo. Platinum vysokoprobny ingxubevange lisetyenziswa ekwenziweni izacholo.

Ubume qela platinum kukuba palladium. iimpawu zayo lwemichiza platinum ngezantsi. Yena elihle, phantse emhlophe. Mbala yeyona yeplastiki kakhulu elula, bhetyebhetye, yaye esezantsi ukunyibilika ukusuka iintsimbi kwiqela platinum. Kulula ukuba liqengqiwe kwaye ukufikelela ukuba kwicingo. Mbala akuthethi lusithobe kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo iSADC ipolishi. Ikhoyo nokubakho kuhlanganiselo esezantsi-grade ngegolide ukunyusa iipropati yayo anti-umhlwa.

Iqela platinum zesinyithi iquka rhodium, efana aluminium esiluhlaza emhlophe. Le metal lubonakala ngokuba lukhuni, friability. Ine- reflectivity eliphezulu azalwa. Rhodium igqalwa metal afana ukumelana. Le metal iyamelana iimpembelelo ioksijini, chlorine, isalfure, phosphorus. Chemical kunye neempawu zomzimba le rhodium isetyenziswa yokutyabeka amanqaku zegolide nezesilivere.

Ruthenium - metal eliyinjubaqa. Ukuqinisa kunye brittleness kube kwakunye rhodium. ukusebenzisa kwakhe olu ifumaneka sixhobo, hi mpimo lowutsongo ezifumaneka aluminiyamu platinum.

Enye metal iqela platinum na iridium, lo uphawu apho uyafana uphawu ruthenium kunye rhodium. Kuzo zonke ngesinyithi, yenye ye iikhemikhali kakhulu izinzile. Yena ngenkuthalo esetyenziswa kwishishini kwemichiza le.

Ummeli lokugqibela zesinyithi iqela platinum - osmium. Machining akuwuthobeli, xa ezingenakunyibilika asidi. I-aluminiyamu osmium esaziswa ziyenza yemizimba yethu, nobulukhuni.