Kuthekani ukuba iilwimi ezisesikweni ekunokuthiwa? imizekelo yokusetyenziswa

Yintoni na ulwimi olusesikweni kunye nendlela iyahluka ukusuka zendalo? njani walibumba? Kuthekani ukuba iilwimi ezisesikweni ekunokuthiwa? Kwaye ke lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela kuye?

Iimpawu iilwimi ezisesikweni

Ngoko ufowunela iqela iilwimi ngumntu, obubonakala ngokuba imithetho ngqo malunga ulwakhiwo amabinzana, kwakunye nokuqonda kwabo. Iinkqubo esetyenziselwa iinjongo zoshishino ekunokuthiwa iilwimi ezisesikweni. Zakhiwa ngamatsha kuthotyelwe imithetho ecacileyo, ukunika ukubonisa engaguqukiyo, indawo kunye ngqo iimpawu kunye nobudlelwano wafundela kwisifundo okanye izinto ebezisenziwa. Ixabiso kunye nentsingiselo amanqaku ayikwazi zingatshintshwa naziphi na iimpawu enze (ukusetyenziswa imeko). Oku Bulelani kunokwenzeka ukuba ubukho ngolwimi olusesikweni imithetho ukuguqulwa kwezivakalisi kunye nentsingiselo kwisemantiki. Ngokufuthi yakhekani kusetyenziswa njengesiseko lemathematika. Ngenxa yokuba, kuyo yonke kubude zophuhliso, wasebenzisa ezahlukahlukeneyo izihionipho zokomfuziselo ziye isicelo iintlobo lwengqiqo izinto. Yiloo nto kufuneka iilwimi ezisesikweni. Ukuba unga nciphisa ngokubaluleka data. yasetyenziswa ngaphambili, kunye kwiilwimi ezisesikweni zemvelo, kodwa ke ingxaki chu wesifundo kunye nemfuneko ukwenza uhlalutyo engqongqo ubhalo yokuqiqa zezibalo, kwagqitywa ekubeni bayeke ngaphambili. Le nkqubo yathatha ukusuka XVII kwinkulungwane XX. Yeyona ngenkulungwane yokugqibela ithathwa echumayo kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kwiilwimi ezisesikweni. amasebe ezizodwa ezahlukeneyo zadalwa. Ngoko ke, ngokuba inzululwazi lezekhompuyutha iilwimi ezithile ukubaluleka kweenkqubo kunye algebra ekuqiqeni, hayi yeengcingane kuphela, kodwa kwakhona ukusuka ngamehlo izinto ezenziwayo.

definition

Kuthekani ukuba iilwimi ezisesikweni ekunokuthiwa, esinalo kakade ngokufutshane wachaza. Kodwa yintoni sithe ngabo? ulwimi olusesikweni unikwa eninzi iinkcazelo ezahlukeneyo. Uluhlu kubo bonke, kuya kushiya ixesha elininzi, ngoko ke jonga kwi kakhulu ethandwa:

1. Uluhlu olulula amagama ngolwimi - ngokuqhelekileyo bathi ngoko ngokuphathelele uhlobo okugqibela okwakhiwa malunga Nabo isakhiwo esilula.
2. Amagama eveliswe igrama ethile esesikweni.
3. Isakhiwo wadala ukubonisana njalo.
4. Amagama eyenziwe BPF-design.
5. Isakhiwo, liyabonakala by a automaton ezisikelwe.

Makhe sijonge umzekelo. Makhe sithi yonke oonobumba, unike amanani amabini 1 no 0. ukubonisa ileta "O", sisebenzisa ukuhlanganiswa 1010001. Lo ukusetyenziswa kolwimi olusesikweni. Kwakhona kuyenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa amagama engenanto (xa umtya na ubude zero, yaye akukho nto) kunye unyulo ekhethekileyo ngendlela eqhelekileyo kuthi. Kodwa iinkcukacha ngakumbi ukuqonda ukuba yintoni ulwimi olusesikweni, ukunceda imizekelo-4 eziya kunikezelwa elilandelayo. Wenza ntoni na? Ekuqondeni umfundi yayikukuba ulwimi ngokusesikweni ekunokuthiwa. Kodwa kancinci malunga nendlela eziyilwa ngayo.

Ukwakhiwa iilwimi ezisesikweni

ulwimi nganye isakhiwo eziseburhulumenteni wadalelwa kanye kunye umntu. Zidla nakhelwe phezu indlela efanayo:

1. Okokuqala, khetha-alfabhethi, okanye ezinye iseti loonobumba ezithile eziza kwakhiwa kunye namazwi asetyenziswe ngolo lwimi. Yi ulwimi olusesikweni yiyo nayiphi na indlela kwiprogram usebenzisa ikhompyutha.
2. Lichaza lwesivakalisi, oko kukuthi, iimpawu kunye nemigaqo oya kulakhela izivakalisi ezinentsingiselo.
3. On imithetho ethile amagama namabinzana. Apha kukho mthetho: naluphina ulandelelwano iileta kufuneka bakwazi ukubala amagama.

Xa ulwimi olusesikweni ithetha nasiphi na isakhiwo oluthixo imithetho ecacileyo - kufuneka ikhunjulwe. Xa usakha, kukho ezinye iinkalo. Ngoko, igama elithi "nomlinganiswa" yeyona kakhulu multi-functional ngokwentsingiselo, ngoko inxenye ezininzi wasebenzisa igama elithi njenge "letter". Kodwa ngaphantsi kwazo nga kuqondwa kuphela ubhalo njengesiqhelo kuthi, kodwa kwizibiyeli, abalinganiswa ezizodwa, ngakumbi. Oku kusebenza kuphela ukuba iilwimi ezisesikweni.

UMZEKELO 1

Makhe siqale 1 no 0. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, sebenzisa kokukhona ingcamango "elithi" kunye "ifomula." enza Eyokuqala njenge-analogue yento kunye igama lisetyenziswa ukubhekisela into ethile. Okokuqala bonke bayiqonde constants kunye variables ngabanye phantsi kwabo. Kwezi, ke, ukwakha izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo, nesetyenziswa kusetyenziswa ezinye umsebenzi ngolwimi. Phantsi kwemiqathango qela ukuqonda indlela, ukusetyenziswa apho ngolwimi ethile lokuprograma kunokwenzeka. Oku "imfundiso" siya kugqithiswa, yaye umntu uya kufumana iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo.

UMZEKELO 2

Khawucinge ngomzekelo logic apho kukho inversion (¬), disjunction (∧), isihlanganisi (∨) kunye kukusulela (⇒) kunye nabanye abambalwa. Xa ushicilelo enjalo nemifanekiso anikwe njenge:

1. A;
2. A∧V ⇒ ¬A
3. ¬ (A∨¬S)

Njengoko abalinganiswa A, B, C, ababambeleyo eziguquguqukayo kwaye ufumane imisebenzi ubhalo. Apho isicelo iilwimi ezisesikweni olu hlobo? Ukusetyenziswa kwezi kwindlela ifumaneka ngeelwimi lwenkqubo, imathematika, ulwalamano, imisebenzi ubhalo kunye zemathematika, okanye iindawo apho ezichazwe uhlelo.

UMZEKELO 3

Makhe sijonge i fomyula ezintsonkothileyo ubhalo:

¬ (A∨¬S) ⇔ ¬A∧S = 1

Yiloo nto kufuneka iilwimi ezisesikweni. Khawucinge ukuba kwenzeka ntoni xa echazwe ngamazwi? Ngoku, ngokusekelwe ifomula lisenza kwizigqibo. ezinengqondo zokubonisa zingafumaneka ngolwimi olusesikweni kuphela xa imithetho ethile ayahlonitshwa pre-ukusekwa, ukutshintsha "ukuqonda" le fomyula kunye ngokwemiqathango apho kwenziwa:

1. ifomula elide Construction kunye;
2. Ukufunda inkalo yesemantiki kunye nentsingiselo;
3. Ulandelelwano enye le fomyula kunye nezinye kota.

ulwimi ngalunye ngokusesikweni kufuneka kakuhle Kwasekwa ibekwe lwemithetho.

UMZEKELO 4

Ngenxa yobukho kwimigaqo ye imveliso lwesivakalisi ulwimi imiqathango kunye neefomula zingenziwa imifuziselo inguqu isomorphic. Ngoko ke kuya kwenziwa kuphela vangama (ukumelwa) oluphangaleleyo oluxela ulwazi esele ikhona, kodwa singenakufumana inkcazelo entsha. Ngaphezu koko, inguqu, nangona, yaye ziya kuqhutywa ngokungqinelana imithetho ecacileyo engqongqo, oko kungenziwa ezenzekelayo. iindlela ezifanayo zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ingcali, iziseko ulwazi, kunye neemveliso inkxaso isigqibo software.

isiphelo

iilwimi ezisesikweni ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinzululwazi, ingakumbi ubugcisa. Ngethuba lokwenza uphando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi elisebenzisekayo angasebenzisana ngokwemvelo, ngenxa ubuchule eninzi ezibonisa wamva. Ukanti iilwimi ezisesikweni lisenokuthetha ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi ulwazi ukuze enze utshintshiselwano injongo ngolwazi eziyintlanganisela uluntu.