Yintoni na le kumathafa ehlotyeni nasebusika? Nature Area Tundra: Inkcazelo

Apho ke phezu hlathi, kodwa akukabikho iqalile Arctic elula zone. izikwere ngaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu ohlala kulo mmandla, kukho ububanzi ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezimalunga ne-500. Yintoni na ke emathafeni? Le permafrost, kukho phantse kungekho zityalo, izilwanyana ezincinane. Abaninzi iimfihlelo amazing iivenkile kukodwa kule ndawo umangalisayo.

zone emathafeni

Kunxweme beelwandle wasentla yolula ommandla emathafeni. Naphi na apho ujonga, amawaka eekhilomitha kulo mmandla yengqele, oko ungabinayo ehlathini. Ubusuku polar sihlala iinyanga ezimbini. Summer lifutshane kakhulu yaye kubanda. Yaye phezu lubandakanywe nezenzo ngomhla polar, ngokufuthi kukho kuneqabaka. Ngonyaka ukuhamba emathafeni elibukhali umoya obandayo. iintsuku abaninzi Blizzard ebusika wayengumnikazi amathafa.

Umaleko phezulu lomhlaba nomkhe- iisentimitha-50 kuphela enzulu abandayo akuphatha ehlotyeni. Ngezantsi kweli nqanaba udlula permafrost umaleko, ekungabekwanga linyibilike. Ukuze onobunzulu kudlula mhlawumbi kunyibilika okanye amanzi emvula. zone emathafeni - inani elikhulu amachibi kunye imigxobhozo, umhlaba omanzi yonke indawo, ngenxa obushushu aphantsi amanzi aphuma ngokomphushu ngokucothayo kakhulu. kwemozulu enzima kakhulu kumathafa, leyo kudala iimeko phantse kunzima kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo. kakhulu zingafani Kodwa ke ubomi apha kancinane kwi Arctic.

umhlaba emifuno

Yintoni na ke emathafeni? ubuso bawo ukuba becala - iindonga ezinkulu kakhulu. isayizi efikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha 14 eemitha-15 ububanzi. Boca kuyaphola, baza benziwa umgquba, ingaphakathi phantse lonke emkhenkceni. Phakathi amaqhuma ngamathuba ukuya kwiimitha 2.5 ezi anemigxobhozo,-ebizwa ngokuba ersei Samoyedic. hillocks Boca wayifulela ubulembu kunye ulele, ngokufuthi noyifumana cloudberries. lomzimba abunjwe ubulembu eyetundra amatyholo.

Kufutshane nemilambo, ukuya ngasezantsi, apho ugcina kumathafa ehlathini, esentabeni udlula ngazo sphagnum nja-. Sikhula cloudberries, bagun, cranberries, gonobol, ezinde ernika. Sphagnum nja- ukuzolula iinzulu waya kummandla ehlathini. Taman Ridge empumalanga zokungqinga zinqabile kakhulu, kuphela kwimimandla ephantsi, mgxobhozo.

ongu- emathafeni

kwimimandla agudileyo eSiberia tundra peaty ephithizelayo. Ubulembu kunye namatyholo kumathafa ndisolulela okuqhubekayo umboniso phezu kobuso bomhlaba. Advantageously ulele lugubungela emhlabeni, kodwa kwakhona kufunyanwa sisuse cloudberry. Ingakumbi, le hlobo isasazwe phakathi eyetundra Timan Pechora.

Endaweni ephakamileyo, apho amanzi angaxingi, kodwa umoya intabalala nigcume, kumathafa esiku- echachambileyo. Owomileyo, umhlaba echachambileyo zagutyungelwa yahlulelwe kwii ariya ezincinane apho kukho nto kodwa emhlabeni zibambene. Ayangena zinokufihlwa zengca, amatyholo, kunye saxifrage.

Kuba abo banomdla, kukhangeleka ngathi kumathafa, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho kwakhona indawo echumayo. Ingca-ityholwana kumathafa osisityebi kwamatyholo, phantse ziphinde zenzeke ubulembu kunye ulele.

Eyona uphawu le ummandla bendalo kumathafa moss kunye ulele apho beqabe gray okhanyayo. Ukongeza, bemi ngaphandle kwimvelaphi amabala moss, cinezela kufutshane emhlabeni amatyholo ezincinane. Lo mmandla osemazantsi liyi nemisele ehlathini encinane. Eliqhelekileyo iintlobo willow ezincinanana kunye ezinde ernika.

jikelele silwane

Oko kufana kumathafa, aluchaphazeli inani lezilwanyana abahlala kuloo mmandla. Enye abahlali zesiqhelo kumathafa - Nezibugqagala-anemilenze nesangxa. Kuhlala phezu kwayo iintaka indlu phezu komhlaba okanye namatye. White-ezinomsila Eagle - Umbala Native - ubomi ngaselwandle. Gyrfalcon, nto leyo ifumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi yomntla mmandla - lentaka iqhelekileyo kule ndawo. Zonke iintaka zizingela partridges nezikrekrethi ezincinane.

Kule ndawo endalo bengengabo iintaka kuphela, kodwa engubo ixhonti, kunye nobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukususela amarhamncwa kumathafa kunazo ukuba adle. Oku kakhulu ukumelana nazo naziphi na iimeko zemozulu ukuba le fomu. E Europe, eseyiphantse ukungabikho kwaphela, eshiya abameli kuphela eNorway. deer inqabile Kwakhona kwaye kwi Kola Peninsula. Endaweni yazo wafika ekhaya nezamaxhamakazi.

Deer ngaphezu abantu, yaye iintshaba zendalo - beziingcuka eziqwengayo. La marhamncwa babe Uboya ziyatyeba kakhulu kunoogxa babo zasendle. Ngaphandle kwezi zilwanyana zifumaneka kumathafa, amabhere, must iinkomo, iimpungutye polar, oonomatse Parry, Lemmings, nembila kunye wolverine.

sezulu

tundra sezulu ezinzima kakhulu. lobushushu zasehlotyeni elifutshane lingaphumi ngasentla degrees 10, ubushushu avareji ebusika - hayi ngaphezulu kwe thabatha 50. Umaleko engqindilili ikhephu ubuxoki ngoSeptemba maleko ngokwandisa kuphela nyanga nganye.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ilanga ayifiki kuvela ngaphezu kolundi lonke ubusuku ebusika elide, ayikho kulawula ubumnyama nezangaphakathi. Yintoni na ke emathafeni ebusuku polar? Kwanaphezu ngamaxesha obungenanyanga likhanyise ngokwaneleyo. Emva macala onke kukho mhlophe qhwa kwakukuhle, ngokugqibeleleyo ebonisa ukukhanya kweenkwenkwezi. Ukongeza, izibane egqwesileyo kwaye unika izibane, ukupeyinta esibhakabhakeni imibala eyahlukileyo. Kwiiyure ezithile ngenxa nto iba ngathi eliqaqambileyo nje namhla.

Yintoni na le kumathafa ehlotyeni nasebusika

Ngokubanzi, ehlotyeni ngenkankulu eshushu, kuba iqondo lobushushu lingaphumi ngasentla degrees 10. Kwezi nyanga ilanga Andimki kunina, ukuzama ukubamba kancinci ukuze ukufudumeza emhlabeni zibambene. Kodwa kukhangeleka ngathi kumathafa ehlotyeni?

Kwiinyanga ezifudumeleyo, a kumathafa ngokwentelekiso isithuba lugubungela amanzi, ajike iindawo ezinkulu zibe Bog enkulu. Nature Area emathafeni igutyungelwe ibiselityatyambile ngokupheleleyo ekuqaleni kwehlobo. Njengoko ukuba kakhulu elifutshane, zonke izityalo badla ukuba bakwazi ukugqiba umjikelo uphuhliso kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ebusika, yomhlaba ngomaleko omkhulu kakhulu ikhephu. Ngenxa yokuba lo mmandla ilele ngaphakathi Arctic Circle, zendalo indawo kumathafa uswele inxalenye enkulu kunyaka kwelanga. Winter ihlala ixesha elide, ixesha elide ngaphezu kwezinye iindawo zomhlaba. Kule ndawo akukho namaxesha ezikufutshane, oko kukuthi akukho namnye umthombo okanye ekwindla.

yamandla emathafeni

Lo mmangaliso idumileyo, Kakade ke, lo ezimibalabala aurora. ebusuku Dark ngoJanuwari kwi velvet emnyama yangasemva isibhakabhaka Wazikhanyisa wethafa imibala eqaqambileyo. ngokweekholamu eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukuba amabala epinki nebomvu, isilayidi ngaphesheya esibhakabhakeni. Dance ukuvutha ngathi ukukhanya ingxilimbela emlilweni, ukuze aye ezulwini. Abantu babona izibane emantla okokuqala, soze Ndingawulibali le omangalisayo, ukuphazamisa iingqondo zabantu amawaka eminyaka.

Oobawo babekholelwa ukuba izikhanyiso esibhakabhakeni ukuzisa ulonwabo, kuba ibonakalisa yokubhiyozela woothixo. Ke ukuba oothixo leeholide - ngokuqinisekileyo lunikeza perepadut kunye nabantu. Abanye bacinga ukuba ukukhanya - umsindo loThixo komlilo, nomsindo nohlanga loluntu, ngoko kulindeleke ukusuka multi-elimbala zokutshiza yasezulwini ziingxaki kuphela kunye nokufa.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ingcamango kangakanani kufuneka ubone izibane wasentla. Ukuba kuvela ngonaphakade ithuba, kungcono kuba kumathafa ngoJanuwari, xa aurora ezimibalabala amaninzi ziintlantsi phezulu esibhakabhakeni.