6 isizukulwana-mlilo. Umlweli jet: iifoto kunye nokubalulwa

Air Force - omnye kwiintsapho ezininzi Russia amajoni. Noludumileyo uzobe olwenziwe ngocoselelo moya - isibaluli ibalulekileyo alwayo amandla Air Force. Kwaye ngoko ke umkhosi phambili amagunya ehlabathi - iRashiya, i-USA, China - Funani noku ukuba inyathelo elinye ngaphambi kokuba nomhlaba. Kwaye ngoko sifuna nje ukuba bakwazi ukuzixhobisa imikhosi yayo sovremennymii izixhobo iisampuli, kodwa ukuba nenxaxheba kuphuhliso phambili. Kubandakanya ukundiza.

Ngubani na lowo usesifubeni abaninzi ofisi zobunjineli ehlabathini eyasekwa 6 isizukulwana mbono. Oomatshini "junior" gaba sele zenziwe yaye undi-. Baye bakhululwa baseRashiya kunye baseMerika, yaye, ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, amaTshayina. Kwaye kuba yinkalo engundoqo okhuphiswano ezintlwini yesizwe Force Air iya kuba ukuzaliswa ababelwa kulapha ngasentla. Xa ukulindela imbonakalo aba matshini?

Iinqobo izizukulwana 6

Eneneni, ngenxa kweekhrayitheriya ntoni, ukulwa amatsha kunganxulunyaniswa moya 6 sizukulwana? Phakathi eziphambili, ukuba zibizwa ngokuba ziingcali - ukubhabha elizimeleyo. Oko kukuthi, umatshini Abantu kunye nekhompyutha Musa ukuphatha - ngokuzenzekelayo okanye intsebenziswano ekude nabantu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcali kwizifundo eyama abathi ukuba mlweli isizukulwana 6 unako ilingwe. Yinto enokwenzeka, iingcali bayavuma ukuba iklasi entsha imoto ziya kufumaneka Ukusetyenziswa ezimbini technology ngexesha elifanayo.

Kukho uguqulelo ezikufutshane bazame yaseMelika ingqiqo okuzihambela neRashiya, ke, yenye apho moya liya kulawulwa yi ndoda. Abayili ezivela eUnited States, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi inani imithombo lubalwa ayokunika mlilo kukho ukuxhathisa emangalisayo eliphezulu ukucima kombane, kususela irobhothi iya kuba nako ukubuphikisa nokumelana nabo ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki. The amaRashiya, nayo, badla ukukholelwa ukuba akukho khompyutha nako ukusebenza umatshini kwinqanaba kwabantu. Noko ke, kule imeko-moya evela eRashiya kunye nabaxhasi ezininzi kunye concepts yaqonda. Noko ke, njengoko kuqatshelwe ezinye iingcali, kule nxalenye iinjineli Russian thile ngaphantsi betye Western. Xa isiqinisekiso le iimvavanyo bangaphumelelanga onobuhle ezintsha izithuthi yaqonda ezakwenziwa kwindlela Russian Federation. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba mlweli 6 isizukulwana-Russia, iingcali zithi, abanye enokudala ngokwesiseko kombono, nto leyo eza kulawula abantu moya.

Phakathi kwezinye iinqobo ezibalulekileyo oomatshini ezithembisayo njengoko iingcali babiza iprofayile esingaqhelekanga ephantsi. Kumphakamo wangoku we moya technology "cwaka" inika ukhuseleko nxamnye iinkqubo air wokhuselo ayikho-100%. Ngaphezu koko, xa sithatha iinkqubo enomjukujelwa umoya zokhuselo kakhulu namhlanje, ezifana, umzekelo, i-Russian S-400, i "cwaka" kumanqanaba zangoku - ayikho umqobo kubo. Noko ke, 6 isizukulwana-mlilo kulindeleke ukuba iingcali, uya kuba nako ukuphuma ngaphandle umsebenzi, nokuba iinkqubo umoya wokhuselo kakhulu zonyango ezihambele phambili ngeendleko cwaka. Kwenzeka ukuba, kule milinganiselo elapha ngasentla angaba ukhuseleko anti-moya (anti-imijukujelwa, decoys, njalo njalo).

Isibaluli elandelayo - ireyithi uhlasela aphezulu karma kuthelekiswa sangaphambili oomatshini. Ukuba ke lo moya fastest zomkhosi ezibhabhayo kunye index malunga 3 Mach, uphuhliso 6 isizukulwana-kulindeleke ukuba bakwazi ukoyisa embundwini 5. isantya ingami (ngaphandle kokuba ubukele lugxile afterburner) of the izilwi entsha, iingcali zithi, kuya nakanjani supersonic. Kananjalo kuya kuba nako ukufumana ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Mhlawumbi, isantya ingami le umlweli elizayo iza kufana twatse isantya namhlanje afterburning - Mach 1.5-2. Enye iinjini yokusebenza kukholeleka ukuba efakwe nabalwi ultrafast - kahle eliphezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yakhe, lo moya inokubhabha ngaphandle kokufaka ixesha elide, ngoko ke baqhubeke ehambahamba imigama ezinkulu usisizalwane neziseko zazo.

Ukusuka kwindawo noshowo kwimboniselo 6 umatshini sizukulwana, njengoko iingcali zikholelwa, kuya kuba ergonomic kakhulu. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iphiko, umzekelo, kuba inxenye kakhulu ingavalelwa kwi fuselage. Kukho ithuba, iingcali zithi abalwa akwi isizukulwana 6 zehlabathi akuyi mayixhotyiswe imiphezulu nomsila nkqo. Mhlawumbi intliziyo loyilo indiza ingqikelelo "Iphiko ezibhabhayo" (afana lwekamva-ukhangela B-2, nto leyo imi kwi US Air Force).

Indlela iza kukhangeleka ngathi mlweli entsha? Photography, nto leyo asezantsi, unako kusinika orientation uqikelelo.

mhlawumbi 6 Umatshini isizukulwana iya uphume (kubandakanywa kwi imeko moya ngesantya kakhulu). Ukuze benze oku, yonke imizekelo baxhotyiswa iinjini kunye saliphosa vectoring. I-moya kufuneka kube lula ukuba ngamaqhinga ngasemagumbini malunga degrees 60. Kutheni na ke umgangatho-moya, ukuba iimfazwe umoya elifutshane-kwalomqolo mhlawumbi kuba engalindelekanga? Ingongoma ephambili imbono kule score - uphume ivumela abantu abalwa ukuba ngokomgaqo-sikhokelo le ebizwa ngokuba "enomjukujelwa ukuziphendulela" trajectories. Oko kukuthi, xa intloko obungayiwayo indlela evela SAM, umatshini nga ephawulekayo gu bucala. Anti-moya enomjukujelwa, ngaloo ndlela, abakwazi ukuba ukubala oku kushenxa iwela ngokubanzi uphawu.

Yintoni enye ziya kudityaniswa mlweli entsha? Singalindela ukuvela kubo ongcono, xa kuthelekiswa ne ekhoyo, indlela yentsebenziswano izinto ezisentlabathini. Ilizwe nje kuphela kodwa ulwandle, indawo, okanye kwamanzi. I-karma kakhulu kwisizukulwana yakutshanje, iingcali zithi - nguye, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, bakwazi ukunxibelelana ngokukhawuleza kunokuba nezinye iinkcukacha yamacebo qhinga ukusuka kwiziko umyalelo kunye nezinye moya, ukufumana ingcaciso evela Hewana. Konke oku kuya kuvumela umqhubi ukufumana ngaphambi kokuba umdlali izigqibo eziphambili ezichaphazela impumelelo alwayo mission.

Kwakhona, mhlawumbi, abalwa zomkhosi 6 isizukulwana iya mayixhotyiswe ngezixhobo kunye oyi omkhulu yokulwa yengqesho ngaphezu namhlanje ukuvumela iisampulu. Kukho uguqulelo ukuba ngenxa yezibonelelo ukuzibandakanya iithagethi ukude imoto ekwazi ukumelana kokuyaphula iinkqubo umoya wokhuselo yakutshanje. Umzekelo, uhlobo kuya kuba lula ukuba silwe sungula irula kwanangaphambi radar ibhaqa-moya entsonkothileyo lokugcina. Mhlawumbi oomatshini zamva ziza kuxhotyiswa kungekuphela imijukujelwa, ezisetyenziswa ikakhulu ngoku, kodwa ufakelo laser. Kunye nenjongo kakhulu: njengoko abo zenzelwe kunomathotholo-electronic imfazwe (ikhubaze avionics utshaba) kunye laser ukuba arhabaxa ekujoliswe ngokwabo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba esona sixhobo nayo kagesi. Abo izikhali, oko bekumele ukubeka umatshini 6 isizukulwana-fly ngeqondo yokuba inkqubo umoya wokhuselo nje ayikwazi kubo "ukugcina up."

Ngaba karma kakhulu ehlabathini?

Omnye umbuzo umdla. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa - akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu evela abathungi moya ungenza cala le mlweli ngcono ehlabathini. Ngexesha umatshini-isizukulwana zithandathu ziya kubekwa ukusebenza, umgangatho ubugcisa kuzo bekumele ukuba kuyenzeka malunga efanayo. Ngale meko ngoku kunye abalwi isizukulwana 5. Russian T-50 kunye US F-22, xa lulonke, ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, abe imisebenzi efana kakhulu kunye namanqanaba efanayo zobugcisa. Kwaye oku nangona yokuba Fighters of 3 kunye sizukulwana 4, ekuveliseni eRashiya (kwaye phambi koko - eSoviet Union), kwezinye iimeko, iingcali njengokuba abaninzi bakholelwa, yaba intloko kuneso kunoogxa American, yaye vice versa. Ngokuphathelele izizukulwana 6, kukholelwa ukuba iingcali, ukuba ezinye moya uya kubakhokela, umzekelo, isantya, akukho siqinisekiso sokuba nezinye iincindi (umzekelo, uphume), abayi kunika okhuphisana. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukuba inkxaso ngomatshini ukusukela kwamanye amasebe zenkonzo - isithuba, umoya yokuzikhusela, waselwandle, kwimisebenzi ethile - naye phantsi.

Ngaba Ndidinga moya Russian izizukulwana 6?

Imekobume kwi iingcali Aviation babe noluvo lokuba 6 sizukulwana-mlilo, yaye akuyomfuneko ukuba imikhosi mihla, kuquka Russian. Xa inkxaso inika iintlobo ezimbini ezisisiseko lwezimvo. Ngomhla wokuqala babo - iinkqubo air zokhuselo iza kuphuhliswa ngakumbi okukhulu cwaka ngaphezu buciko enamaphiko. Kwaye ngoko ngokupheleleyo ezingafanelekanga, iingcali zikholelwa, ukudala wayenomkhosi lwemoto kwaye uninzi bonke, umlweli eninzi kakhulu xa kusenokwenzeka kakhulu wadubula phantsi ngexesha edabini.

Enye impikiswano - netheknoloji kokwakhiwa ezontathu mihla, xa umgaqo, bafikelele kwinqanaba lokuba enze umatshini owawuza kuba ngokwenene yingxaki ngakumbi. umatshini Russian T-50 umlweli American F-22, kwaye mhlawumbi sele ulungiselela okukhutshwa Chinese moya isizukulwana 5, isimiso, kuba ngokwaneleyo kusenzeka ukubonelela imikhosi iimfuno eminyaka ezayo, iingcali zithi. Ngokukodwa, i parameter efana ulawulo kumda wesangqa saliphosa, ekulindeleke ukuba iyabophelela kwi moya 6 isizukulwana-, ekhona koomatshini ezininzi mihla. Kwaye ke uphume, esixoxe ngasentla, kukho nabanye mlilo isizukulwana 4. Singasathethi ke mihla T-50 kunye F-22. Ukongeza, kreysersaya ngesantya moya zombini, ngokutsho kwezinye iingcali, umele ukufikelela amaxabiso supersonic.

Ngaphambi kwexesha layo

Kukho kwinguqulo imifuziselo umlweli yangoku ziyilelwe lisenza umsebenzi kangangeminyaka engama-50. Oku ngokungangqalanga kuqinisekiswa yi kukuba iinqwelomoya nokuba edlulileyo, isizukulwana 4, ziphuhliswe yee-60s, bakhonza ngempumelelo ezintlwini ekhokela amagunya zomkhosi kwehlabathi, kwada kwaba ngoku. Basekele iimpawu zabo - isantya fighter, kwezikhali, uphume - elijongene nayo, iingcali zithi, ukuba neengxaki zale mihla. Kwabo, ingakumbi, ziquka iimoto ezifana Russian Su-30 American F-14.

Kukwakho uluvo lokuba ezinye moya isizukulwana 4 bakhuphisane kakhulu ngempumelelo kwamanye amacandelo izinto ithemba. Ngokukodwa, nezo ezinye iingcali ibalele umlweli Russian - i Su-35, MIG-29, kwinguqulelo yakutshanje. Ukongeza, oomatshini ekhoyo (zombini-4 no-5 isizukulwana) kufuneka, ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, amathuba Makhulu maxesha. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba amaninzi kula imisebenzi phakathi kwabo kuya kuthathwa iinqwelomoya umbono, oko "ziqinisiwe" kwi iisampulu mlilo sangaphambili.

Xa oomatshini abatsha iya kuba?

Xa kuya kubakho iklasi entsha moya? Iingcali iqekelela ukuba izilingo uvavanyo koomatshini ezinjalo kunokwenzeka kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10, ukuvulwa kwe yokwenene 20. Kukho uguqulelo ukuba bangamajoni isizukulwana yokuqala ukwakhiwa 6 abaseMelika. Ngaphandle kwenza emkhosini ngokuyintloko enkulu yohlahlo-lwabiwo-USA, maxa wambi mkhulu kunalowo leyo xa ukulahlwa Russia neChina, nokuba ukuba uwachaze. Kwakhona, i-US ine umona, ngokutsho iingcali ezininzi, amathuba lobuchwepheshe.

Nangona, njengoko kuqatshelwe ezinye iingcali, asingabo bonke abantu baseMelika mihle. Ngokukodwa, iingcali ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kuyilo phambili lwe US ezikhoyo - i F-22 efanayo kwakunye kombono F-35 (leyo, ngokuzenzekelayo, kungekhona isizukulwana ezintlanu enokuthi ngqo ukuqinisekisa ukunqongophala nomdla abathungi kwi imveliso kwinqanaba 6).

AMAGQABAZA ▸ ezikhoyo: ingqiqo American

Zeziphi AMAGQABAZA ▸ koomatshini izizukulwana 6? Oko bekufanele ukuba mlweli phambili kwihlabathi kwiklasi mihla?

Kwabo, ezinye iingcali ibalele yeprojekthi F / A-XX, ephuhliswe yi kwendiza. Kuthathwa ukuba iya kuba karma yenethiwekhi-based for the US Navy, anokuba ukusetyenziswa iintlobo ngeentlobo yokulwa koxolo. Lo matshini prototype Ndaziswa ihlabathi iinjineli iBoeing ngo-2008. design moya osemqoka ukuba akanayo ngumsila nkqo, bengazange phantse bonke mlilo mihla. Ifoto okungaqhelekanga F / A XX ngezantsi.

amaphiko apparatus, njengoko iingcali uqaphele, ezifana nezo zinto ze-F-22. -Moya-moya kuthenjiswa ngokwemiqathango layout, kukho iindawo ezimbini abaqhubi. Okokuqala, njengokuba iingcali zikholelwa, iya kulawula umlweli okwesibini - ukwalathisa izithuthi yaqonda emoyeni, kubandakanywa kwikhithi kwezikhali. Iingcali ezininzi, ke, bedidekile ubunzima isicelo enkulu kumatshini - 45 tonnes. Noko ke, kukho uluvo kulo mba - emzimbeni nzima inokuba injini enamandla ngakumbi, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa iyonke saliphosa-umatshini. I-injini, enokuthi emi phezu F / A-XX - iyafana naleyo iseti ku F-35. Yeyiphi kwakhona kungqina ukuba abaninzi zobugcisa namhlanje sele ukufezekisa iinqobo zovavanyo zoko kwizizukulwana 6. ukusungulwa kulindeleke F / A-XX kwimveliso - phakathi 2020s.

Kwiminyaka embalwa emva kokuba ibonisa kuqala F / A-XX iBoeing karhulumente kuzwelonke liqalise ihlabathi kuguqulelo oluhlaziyiweyo ingqiqo yayo umatshini 6 ngezizukulwana. Ngokutsho uyilo, moya ithatha wavelisa nje enye kwi iinguqulelo ezimbini iteknoloji - okuzihambela omnye apho iyunithi yolawulo iya kuba ngabantu. Kulindeleke ukuba ndiza kuya kuba nako indawo ababelwa yesine-isizukulwana ezifana F-18s kangangamashumi eminyaka ezayo.

IBoeing Co., elingumthombo, inomnye ingqiqo sizukulwana mbono 6. Le FX machine. Kujongwe akubanga ngenxa Navy, yaye ngokukodwa US Air Force. Kulindeleke ukuba ndiza kuza indawo F-22. Inzuzo ephambili umatshini kuthiwa ngesantya esiphezulu kakhulu.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba omnye aviagigant American - Lockheed Martin - iye Uzibhekise ingqiqo yayo. Noko ke, inyaniso-moya kwixesha elizayo kulo Ingabinani ke nangoku encinane kakhulu. Kukho, mhlawumbi, ulwazi kuphela ukuba imoto ziya kuveliswa yi ingcamango ashukimisayo ehlangeneyo.

AmaMelika, njengoko isikhokelo zichanekile ngokwemiqathango karma lokugunyazisa 6 isizukulwana-ezinye iingcali. Ubukhulu wayezimisele kakhulu ukuba silinde eUnited States - ngaphambi kokuphela 2030. Kwelinye icala, kwakhona ukuxhobisa umkhosi baseMerika siceba iminyaka engama-20 emva kokuba ukuqaliswa kwe-moya kwimveliso serial.

Le ndiza evela eYurophu

Phakathi kwase moya langutana 6 isizukulwana-yaseYurophu - uphuhliso zeqela Dassault neuron. Noko ke, konke oko lo gama iinjineli ndoqhayisa le nkampani - irobhothi elungileyo, wadala ukusetyenziswa -technology "cwaka". Waboniswa wonke ngo-2012. Noko ke, impumelelo zobunjineli eziye zamiselwa kuyo, iingcali zikholelwa, ingaba yinto njengesiseko ngokupheleleyo oomatshini 6 isizukulwana-.

project Chinese

Okwangoku, moya China ngayo yokugqibezela karma izizukulwana-5. Oku kumalunga J-20 kunye J-moya-31. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba iinjineli Chinese azikho kakhulu baphazanyiswa uphuhliso ixesha elide, kodwa kukho ubungqina bokuba ezinye umdla abathungi ukusuka China ekudalweni-6 umatshini sizukulwana. Kwakunye baseYurophu, le iinjineli Chinese ndikudalile irobhothi eliphezulu-zobugcisa, ogama Lijian, lubonakala ebonakalayo ephantsi radar. Ngokusekelwe kule uphuhliso, iingcali zithi, ukulwa jet ethembisayo kufuneka zakhiwe ngokupheleleyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuya ku othile kunxibelelana criteria isizukulwana 6.

prototype Japanese

Abayili waseJapan, ngokutsho eziliqela kwimithombo, nazo inxaxheba ekudalweni mlweli iklasi entsha. Kukholelwa ukuba isiseko kumatshini ukuba zovavanyo moya ATD-X. Kukho kwinguqulo isizukulwana karma 6 Japanese liya kwakha umfelandawonye abayili ukusuka eUnited States. Iingcali ukubiza imodeli umatshini ATD-X, nto leyo inokuba kakuhle sisiseko ukuphunyezwa iiteknoloji ezininzi obuphambili elizayo. Isizukulwana karma 6 kuquka uphuhliso.

Ingcamango Russian

Njengokuba kwakunjalo esikolweni yobunjineli yesizwe? Ingaba akhona na amathuba okuba kungekudala kuza kubakho ukulwa jet Russian izizukulwana 6? Into eyaziwayo kukuba izicwangciso zokwakha umatshini hlobo kobunkokheli zomkhosi lizwe. Kukho ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nophuhliso inkampani "Dry 'inxaxheba kweli cala. Noko ke, le mihla isiqalo kunokwenzeka ukuba uphuhliso kunye nokusasazwa-moya ezo imveliso kodwa encinane uyaziwa. Namhlanje, yonke imithombo developers zasekuhlaleni ezishiyekileyo ukuba nabanye ababelwela Russian - T-50 besive kwisizukulwana 5, kwakunye maxesha koomatshini akwi wayifanisa abadala. Ke phakathi kweengcali kukho inguqulelo ukuba i T-50 ayanceda njengesiseko ngokudala moya 6 isizukulwana-.

Sele wathi abathungi Russian ungakwazi ukuqala nokwakha oomatshini ezithembisayo njengoko yaqonda esekelwe nobuchwepheshe-based, ebandakanya moya kulawulo yabantu. Ukuba phambili ukhetho yokuqala, uhlobo umatshini, "Scat" zingasetyenziswa njenge kuphuhliso base owadalwa OKB MIG ekhethiweyo. Used ngayo ubugcisa, ngokutsho iingcali, oko kunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukulwa jet 6 isizukulwana Russian wabonakala kwixesha elizayo kwangoku.

Kumajelo eendaba kukho iingxelo ukuba kwase yokuqala ka-6 umatshini sizukulwana, adalwe iinjineli Russia, kuya kuvela kule minyaka 10-12 ezayo. Oku kungenzeka ukuba inxaxheba kwi-United Aircraft Corporation. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba abathungi moya Russian kufuneka ithuba yogqithe eUnited States, nto leyo wayecebe ukuba iseke iklasi efanayo-moya phezu 2030. Noko ke, njengoko iingcali uqaphele, ezo njineli ye-Russian Federation akakafiki isigqibo kwi ingqiqo sisiso umlweli elizayo, ucinga ukuba isicwangciso sophuhliso - lo mbuzo nzululwazi ngaphezu Design.