Drake Passage: inkcazelo, photo

Drake Passage ifumaneka e-ikhweyitha esemazantsi. Uthiywe marque British kunye umhambi Francis Drake. Waye kwinkulungwane XVI, omnye yokuqala yaba amanzi inqanawa yakhe "Golden Hind", ukwenza uhambo ehlabathini lonke. Ubukho kangangeminyaka emithathu - ukususela 1577 ngo 1580. Ngokusebenzisa Strait Drake wathabatha awahlali ngo-1578

Le ndawo amanzi yahlukile. Nazi izaqhwithi kakhulu zobundlobongela. Le ndawo kuphela kwi planethi apho amaza kuvuka ngasentla kangangeemitha ezili-15.

ezindawo

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo evela izazinzulu ufanelwe Drake Passage. Uphi na lo ummandla wamanzi? Strait ibekwe phakathi amazwekazi ezimbini: Umzantsi Melika Antarctica. Idibanisa i Pacific Atlantic neelwandle. Ukususela umda elingentla Strait uchazele Nqabakazi ka Tierra del Fuego, nakwelisezantsi - Graham Land (Antarctic Peninsula). Nantsi ke odumileyo Cape Horn - na ummandla umhlaba ojikeleze wonke umhambi owenza ehlabathini abahamba ehlabathini. Oku kuphela ukhetho xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kudlula, ukuba ukuhlahlela indlela iPanama Canal. It is at the Horn Nqabakazi ngongoma.

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Drake Passage i ebanzi elimxinwa ehlabathini. Inxalenye libanzi ifikelela ubude malunga 800-900 neekhilomitha. Ubunzulu avareji strait 4000 m, kodwa kukho ezinye iindawo kwintsele yolwandle, eshiya a ubunzulu 5000 m and more.

Udlula iStrait le Antarctic Circumpolar Current, okwabizwa ngokuba West Wind Drift. Le ukuhamba kwamanzi elijikeleza kuphela kulo lonke esiqu boMhlaba. Oku kucingwa ukuba olwandle phakathi kunawo. Ngenxa yoko, izaqhwithi kakhulu kwi Drake Passage - asinto ingaqhelekanga. Amaza kwimozulu embi kunye zemimoya umoya 35 m / c nivuke ukuya kwiimitha ezili-15, yaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphezulu.

Ngenxa yokusondela kwaso kwi Antarctica (Drake Passage kwimephu, bona ngezantsi) emanzini kwazo rhoqo. Iqondo avareji kule mimandla imalunga +5 ° C. lobushushu amanzi Strait iyahluka ukusuka malunga -2 ukuya +10 ° C. Nangona isimo sezulu kwezi ndawo kakhulu kakhulu ukuchitha phantse zange ngumkhenkce ngokupheleleyo kwaye ihlala iinqanawa unyaka wonke.

Enezityalo nezilwanyana

Drake Passage kunye neendawo enyakazelayo ngobomi ezingqongileyo, nangona imozulu yendawo ayikho intle kakhulu kule nkalo. Kunxweme Antarctica naseMzantsi Merika, zihlanjwe kwiStraits, kwaye kwazo likhaya leentlobo ezininzi lukanombombiya, kuquka Magellan, i-Antarctic, Gentoo kunye umango. Kwakhona ekhaya Adelie penguins apha.

Of iintaka ezi ndawo apho iintlobo zezindlu Procellariiform kunye skua. Xa amanzi ziiphytoplankton lexinene isasazwa ngokubanzi zingeniswe diatomaceous ulwelwe blue-eluhlaza, yaye zooplankton, ingakumbi copepods (copepods).

Drake Passage yindawo ogqibeleleyo ubomi kunye nezinye iintlobo zezilwanyana. Umzekelo, uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana ezinye abameli phambili isithuba zolwandle ukusuka umyalelo Cetacea, ezifana umnenga blue. Ulikhaya iintlobo ezininzi yentsapho zamanzi. Ba ezizingelayo, lusidla kakhulu iintlanzi, izilwanyana, krill ezineqokobhe. Abameli le ohlobo, ebizwa ingwe ulwandle badla ukuhlasela yoonombombiya kunye nkqu kwezinye amatywina.