Iintlobo ubuchule kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha: imizekelo

Xa isifundo wenzululwazi yekhompyutha eninzi ingqalelo ehlawulwa nasekufundweni algorithms kunye neentlobo zabo. Ukungazi ulwazi olusisiseko malunga kubo, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubhala inkqubo okanye ukuhlalutya umsebenzi wakhe. Uphononongo lwe-algorithms iqala ngexesha esikolweni yokwazisa. Namhlanje sijonga ingqiqo algorithm, iimpawu iintlobo algorithm.

ukuba nombono

Algorithm - ulandelelwano oluthile lwezinto ekhokelela impumelelo ngenxa ethile. Algorithm ngokweenkcukacha zonke inyathelo emiselweyo ophambili, nto leyo kamva kukhokelela ukuba lo msebenzi.

Lidla algorithms asetyenziswa kwimathematika ukusombulula iingxaki ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, algorithm abaninzi waziwa ngokuba zokusombulula quadratic equation 'kunye ukhangelo discriminant.

izakhiwo

Phambi kokuba kucingwe iintlobo algorithms kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukufumanisa iimpawu zabo ezisisiseko.

Phakathi iimpawu eziphambili zezi algorithms kufuneka ukuba ihloniphekile:

• Determinism, oko kukuthi ngokuqinisekileyo. Ihlala into yokuba nayiphi na algorithm kubandakanya kweziphumo ethile kunye umthombo elinikiweyo.
• Ngempumelelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho inani inkcazelo Umthombo wedatha, iziphumo ezilindelekileyo ziza kuphunyezwa emva uthotho lwamanyathelo.
• Mass. Ibhalwe kanye algorithm ezinokusetyenziswa ukusombulula iingxaki luhlobo elinikiweyo.
• Ekhethekileyo. Libonisa ukuba algorithm angohlulwa ngezigaba eziliqela, nganye eneyazo injongo yayo.

ukurekhoda Tindlela

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni iintlobo algorithms kwinzululwazi ikhomputha ucinga, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokurekhodisha.

1. Ngomlomo.
2. Formula-ngomlomo.
3. Graphic.
4. ulwimi algorithm.

Avamise kakhulu a iflowutshathi ifomu block ngumzobo, kusetyenziswa ubhalo okhethekileyo, iindwendwe ezisisigxina.

Eyona eziphambili ze

Kukho amacebo ezintathu eziphambili:

1. algorithm yomgama.
2. I algorithm eyayizalwa, okanye branched.
3. Nokungazinzi koqoqosho.

Emva koko, siza kuqwalasela ezahlukahlukeneyo algorithms kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, imizekelo ukukunceda ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi ukuze baqonde ukuba zisebenza njani.

linear

I elula kakhulu kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha uthathwa algorithm yomgama. Uthi ngokulandelelana yezenzo. Nanku ke umzekelo elula olu hlobo algorithm. Makhe bayibiza "ukuqokelelwa ukuya esikolweni."

1. Sifumana up xa amakhonkco alarm iwotshi.

2. ugeze.

3. usule amazinyo.

4. imithambo Ukwenza.

5. Dress.

6. badle.

7. izihlangu ndiye esikolweni.

8. Isiphelo algorithm.

algorithm eyayizalwa

Ukuqwalasela iindidi algorithms kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukukhumbula isakhiwo eyayizalwa. Le mbono uveza ukuba iimeko phantsi ngawaphi amanyathelo xa ukusebenza lwenziwa ngendlela efanayo xa emiselweyo - kwezinye.

Ngokomzekelo, cinga le meko zilandelayo - utshintsho kubahambi ngeenyawo.

1. Tshatisa ku kwiirobhothi.

2. Jonga imiqondiso yezithuthi.

3. Kufuneka abe luhlaza (kule meko).

4. Ukuba imeko kwenziwe, siye kuwela indlela.

4.1 Ukuba akukho - alinde de ukukhanya ajike aluhlaza.

4.2 uwele indlela.

5. ekupheleni algorithm.

yokuhluzana

Ngokufundisisa iindidi algorithms kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha, kuyimfuneko ukuba ayeke ngokweenkcukacha kwi yokuhluzana. Le algorithm kubandakanya isabelo computing okanye inyathelo, nto leyo yenzelwa phambi kokwenza iimeko ezithile.

Thabatha umzekelo olula. Ukuba uthotho amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya 100 Kufuneka ukufumana onke amanani inkulumbuso, oko kukuthi, abo yahlulwe ngo omnye ngokwawo. Sithi ukuba algorithm "etsala".

1. Thabatha inombolo 1.

2. Hlola ukubona ukuba lingaphantsi kwe-100.

3. Ukuba uthi ewe, khangela ukuba ingaba linani lodidi lokuqala.

4. Ukuba imeko yanelisekile, siya ubhale kuyo.

5. Thatha inombolo 2.

6. Jonga ukuze ubone ukuba lingaphantsi kwe-100.

7. Qwalasela ukuba kulula.

.... Thatha inombolo 8.

We ukhangele ukuze ubone ukuba ingaba lingaphantsi kwe-100.

Tshekisha ukuba inani eyintloko.

Hayi, ukutsiba oko.

Thatha inombolo 9.

Ngaloo ndlela iterate kuwo onke amanani, kunye ne-100.

Njengoko ubona, amanyathelo 1 - 4 iya ziyaphinda-phindwa amaxesha.

Phakathi Zijika ukukhululwa algorithms yangaphambili, xa imeko lukhangelwe ekuqaleni komjikelo, okanye postcondition, xa itshekhi iya ekupheleni komjikelo.

ezinye iinketho

I algorithm ukuze kuhlanganiswe. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokuba elibujikele, yaye branched ngexesha elifanayo. Isebenzisa iimeko ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo algorithm. Ezinjalo izakhiwo esimbaxa prienyayutsya xa ubhala iinkqubo imidlalo entsonkothileyo.

Notation kule nkqubela block

Siye sahlolisisa zeziphi iintlobo algorithms ezi kwinzululwazi yekhompyutha. Ke thina asenzanga sathetha ngoko iisimboli zisetyenziswa xa ukurekhoda graphic.

1. Isiqalo kunye nesiphelo algorithm agcinwe kwisakhelo elimbhoxo.
2. Iqela ngalinye Iqinisekile kwibhokisi.
3. Imeko kumiselwe idayimani.
4. Zonke iindawo algorithm idityaniswe iintolo.

iziphumo

Siye sahlolisisa nesihloko "algorithms, iintlobo, iipropati." Yokwazisa byi elininzi algorithms ixesha ukufunda. Zisetyenziswa xa ubhala iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusombulula iingxaki zezibalo kunye nokudala imidlalo kunye nezicelo ezahlukeneyo.