Izilwanyana izinto ngokuNgaqhelekanga: elephant African

Elephant - i indalo emangalisayo endalo, nto leyo kubhaliweyo kakhulu iincwadi. Nxi lesi silwanyana buhlungu kangangokuba uluntu kuwo onke amazwe aliyeki ukuba alamu.

Kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili elephants: Elephant Afrika kunye Indiya. Uhlobo lokuqala nje ubomi, ezinkqantosini ashushu Afrika, kwaye eyesibini inokufumaneka kuphela emahlathini Asia emvula.

Indian elephants ziyelelene noogxa babo Afrika. Kodwa ukuba ezi ntlobo zimbini abekwe ngapha nangapha, umahluko obonakalayo kakhulu. Ngokukodwa, i-African elephant Indian ephezulu, ifikelela ukuphakama kuyimitha ezine, yaye yilungise ngokumila izidanga ngokuchasiweyo emva egosogoso of Indian indlovu. Kodwa ke indlela elula ukwahlula phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini ze imilo kweendlebe: izilwanyana Afrika makhulu kunye nemilo yayo ifane ukumila Afrika kunye ngeendlebe zamaNdiya ezincinane, nemilo yabo hayi nayiphi na umbutho.

Indlovu Afrika kuthathwa ukuba ibe yokwenene ukumkani eziphilileyo kwi savanna lweenkobe. ubunzima yakhe iitoni ezintlanu ezinesiqingatha avareji, kunye namadoda amakhulu uyakwazi ukufikelela iitoni esixhenxe enesiqingatha.

amathambo Ukunikela ukuba ubambe ubunzima elikhulu enjalo eendlovu zomelele kakhulu ixesha elide. Amathambo umlenze enyanisweni ukwenza umsebenzi kweentsika axhasayo, kwaye umnqonqo ilikhonkco ukugcina liqumrhu onocwangco ngolu hlobo. Isakhiwo yokwakheka ye iindlovu engaqhelekanga ukuze zihlelwe kwi kwecala izilwanyana - proboscidians.

Boko - emzimbeni wayo nje engaqhelekanga, inokusityeda kakhulu kwaye eguqukayo ihlanganiswa impumlo kunye iindevu. umboko bendlovu sifake ukutya, amadlelo, ndiyasaphula isebe, ndaxhwitha iingcambu, uze uthumele ukutya kufunxwa emlonyeni wakhe.

Ekupheleni kwale buti indawo amathatha, ekuthe isilwanyana kuqokelela ukuya kwiilitha ezingama-14 zamanzi, ngoko ukuze bawagalele emlonyeni wakho nokoma kwabo. Ukuvuthela phezulu amanzi, zakha umthombo lungapholi yokutshiza kunye nomzimba egeza.

Isiqu saso kwakhona njengendlela yonxibelelwano. Iindlovu ukwenza kuphela isandi sesigodlo esomeleleyo, kodwa zooswingi isiqu, ukudala amaza infrasonic, apho ulwazi ithunyelwe phezu umgama km 10. Ukuba indlovu Ijalele, nto ibetha buti emhlabeni, ukuvelisa amagubu eyoyikekayo.

Ngokuba zonke ezibonakala loyikekayo, ezi izilwanyana kuphela imifino. Basikeleleni iiyure ezili-16 ngosuku ukuhlafuna ngenkuthalo ingca, amagqabi, iziqhamo, iingcambu, amasebe, amaxolo. Akukho lula ukuzondla, njengoko indlovu abadala Afrika utya umlinganiselo 400 kg kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngelo xesha efanayo sikwetyise kancinane ngaphezu kwama-40% yokutya andizidlanga. Sela ezi ngxilimbela kakhulu - up kwiilitha ezingama 220 zamanzi ngosuku.

Sleep elephants bachitha iiyure ezintlanu kuphela kwexesha ebusuku. Kakhulu, bona nje cwaka balele umile. Ke phakathi kwemini, xa ubushushu nodandatheko, izilwanyana ngokuyimfuneko ukuphumla.

Isikhumba iindlovu eshinyene kakhulu, 3-4 cm, kodwa yena akakwazi ukukhusela ngokupheleleyo kuwo ukusuka elangeni ongenalusini. Ngoko ke, bona moisturize kwaye zisebenze kakuhle, ukuthatha iibhate udaka. Elephants Rules eludakeni ukwenzela ukufihla yonke umaleko emzimbeni wakhe. Ngelo xesha, le nkqubo inceda ukuba balahle izinambuzane khadi ezilumayo.

Zonke iindlovu zihlala amaqela osapho eyahlukileyo, leyo iphethwe elephant abadala - le matriarchs. Intsapho iquka intombi, udade kunye matriarch yonke into eyindoda abatsha, kubandakanywa akuqolanga. Kwaye ke njengamadoda, ukusukela kwiminyaka eli-15 ubudala, bakhetha ukuba abe yedwa, ukuhlala kude "qela yabafazi".

Zingaphi iindlovu ubomi? Kwi-avareji, baphila iminyaka 60-70, ukuba kungekudala kufa bangaphathwa ezidla ukusuka abangenamvume. Kwi i iingonyama elephant hunt rhoqo, ngoko ke ixesha lokuqala indlovu ngokusondeleyo ebukele yonke ukuhambisa alimele kunye abantwana nabo bonke ubambe phantsi isisu sakhe, ngoxa uqhuba.

Kodwa ke nezinto ezidla aba utshaba ezingundoqo iindlovu. Phakathi 1981 no-1989 inani eendlovu Afrika sehle - ukusuka 1.2 yezigidi ukuya 623 lamawaka. Isizathu soku - waphula umthetho zokuhlala zendalo eendlovu: kwamahlathi, ukulima umhlaba. Ukukhusela izityalo zabo, zamafama ukubulala ephilileyo lweenkobe kula mazwe izilwanyana.

Kodwa iindlovu ngakumbi abulawa ngenxa ngokuzingela abangenamvume. elephant Afrika itsala abantu ababawayo ukuzuza imiboko zabo zexabiso, inyama nesikhumba. Ukuba ngaphambi kujoliswe lokuba eyindoda noonina, kodwa ngoku ndayeka ukuya onzima kunye nabasetyhini abasebatsha. Ukuze ufumane i ton zeendlovu, kuyimfuneko ukutshabalalisa malunga 113 ngeendlovu. Ngenxa yale nokufa naminyaka iindlovu, leyo kusekutsha kakhulu ukuba balahlekelwe oomama babo ukuba baphila ngokwabo. kulitshabalalisa Loo yaba yintlekele-Anaki uxolo.

Ukususela ngowe-1989, intengiso zeendlovu akuvunyelwa ngokupheleleyo kuba iindlovu baba ingozi yokutshabalala. Kulindeleke ukuba kuphela umthetho, kodwa uluvo loluntu kuya kukhokelela yokuhla kwemfuno iimveliso ezenziwe wabulala izilwanyana ezinqabileyo, nto leyo eya kukunceda ugcine iindlovu ekutshatyalalisweni ngakumbi.