Indlela zwe izakhiwo

Indlela zwe zakhiwo waqala ukubonakala kumntla waseFransi mihla kunye kummandla Switzerland mihla Belgium ngeenxa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XII. Emva koko, kamva intwana - eJamani.

Ukuma lokuqala Gothic kwi bokwakha ingqalelo ibandla isigodlo Saint-Denis, ibekwe kufuphi eParis. projekthi sakhiwe Abbe Suger, oko umenzi isakhiwo ngalinye kunye nakwiingqameko etsolo. Ukususela ezingxandeni zawo Romanesque kwalandela ubabalo olukhulu.

Ngokubanzi, indlela Gothic lwezakhiwo njengelifa komthombo yamaRoma lwezakhiwo kwinkqubo jikelele zobugcisa kunye neentlobo eziphambili izakhiwo zonqulo. Xa vutshila icawa Gothic yathatha indawo ekhethekileyo.

Churches, zenziwe kulo isimbo, imela kuyondelelaniswe liphezulu izakhiwo kunye yafaka imikrolo. Kuku Iingqameko zajikeleza ngeenxa of Romanesque watshintsha uphawu le arch Gothic kunye umntla etsolo,, imiqolo emxinwa ezinde neenqaba, enhle multi-umbala windows efafazwe-iglasi, sangaphandle ngokobutyebi ihonjiswe yindyebo iinkcukacha oqingqiweyo (vimpergov, tympanum, archivolt). Zonke izinto zenzelwe ukuba ukugxininisa nkqo.

style zwe zakhiwo yathiywa ukusuka yesiGrike "gotos". Kwamandulo, ngamaGoth babizwa izizwe ngumbharbhari ehlasela ummandla uBukhosi baseRoma evela entla. Ngokutsho legend, ibinzana esetyenziswa kuqala Raphael.

Symbols lwemithombo ngalinye isonto waza waqalisa ukuba bawele, ngokubuyisela i lock nekrele isimbo baseRoma. Kuba kwekhulu XII. lubonakala ngokuba negalelo elikhulu ubomi unqulo.

iicawa zwe kwakhiwa ngezizukulwana. Notre Dame Cathedral yakhiwa ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, yamaRoma Cathedral ukususela 1211 ukuya ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XV, kunye eMilan - up to XIX.

izakhiwo zwe bekufanele ukuba efuzisela ngokuvisisana etempileni ezulwini. Ngoko ke sithi uyilo lowo uleyisayo ubukrwada ngamatye. Oku aguqulwa ngoncedo ngomsonto yobungcali kwi "eluhlaza".

imfihlo Artistic zisala yokuba uyilo olubonakalayo kwezakhiwo Gothic musani idibana nenyani. neengqameko Huge enzima abonakale lisibekele Air, yakhiwe modified enkulu eqhelekileyo ukuphazamisa nethuba wayiqonda uyilo logic makaqonde isikali lokwenene. Le Cathedral zwe kubonakala ukuba phantsi kweenyawo kukulahlela emhlabeni, yaye le ndoda enyukela ezulwini obungapheliyo evuzayo.

Indlela zwe lwezakhiwo, uyakuthanda ukudlala kunye nokukhanya. Ingongoma ephambili yale style kukuba ukwenza isiphumo ngonaphakade Intili ekukhanyeni kwaphezulu, leyo ufuzisela ubulumko kokomoya khanyisa. Le njongo onyamekela iifestile zeglasi anegazi.

style zwe aphuhliswe ikakhulu ezixekweni. Imibala nakolu zakhiwo ayelo, oluhlaza kunye nobomvu. Umgca izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo ezifunyenwe lomntu ogival, nezingqameko ukusekwa ezidibanayo ajike. Izakhiwo zakhelwe ikakhulu imilo yoxande kunye Iingqameko emininzi yalathe, ajike abe iintsika.

Iinkcukacha olugunyazisiweyo elingaphakathi kukho Iingqameko zichanekile na izixhaso, yamahlamvu ezintsonkothileyo. Ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo olwenze ilitye isakhelo openwork exhasa eyandisiweyo azivelelayo, umgca ngaphantsi isakhiwo amathambo. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yoyilo ziyanatyiswa azivelelayo iglasi nebala zeglasi emibalabala, maxa wambi kukho ibhokisi ngeenxa zokuhombisa. Iingcango ahonjiswe nakwiingqameko zalo Lancet, exabe.

Zezakhiwo indlela Gothic izuza ezinye fantastic uya emehlweni beendonga ilitye ezibonakala ukukhanya silula. Le ndandifeketha na, airiness, umbono ngqiqweni kwaye eyimfihlakalo ziyabophelela iimpawu nasiphi na isakhiwo style zwe.

style zwe kudlule ngezigaba ezithathu yembali lophuhliso - kusekwangoko Gothic, abenzi bemilingo (High Gothic) kunye Late Gothic.

Ekuqaleni indlela Gothic ngenkulungwane XVI izakhiwo iqala ukuphulukana indawo yayo ngokunxulumene ukufika inkcubeko namasiko Renaissance.