Isihloko yentanda kuhlalutyo Tyutchev lyric. F. I. Tyutchev: yentanda womculo

Ilifa imifanekiso Fyodor Ivanovich Tyutchev lincinane: kuyinto nje iincwadi ezimbalwa kunye iinguqulelo ezimalunga-50 250 kunye nemisebenzi yokuqala yemibongo, abaliqela leyo akuphumelelanga. Ke kaloku bathi abathile nokudaliweyo lo mbhali kukho ubuncwane ayinyaniso yemibongo. Bulumko uhlobo yemibongo Tiutchev inegalelo yokuba nomdla kumsebenzi wakhe nokomelela, kuba uchaphazela imixholo engunaphakade. Ezi imihobe, ndikubhadulise yimini eyodwa ngamandla kunye ubunzulu beengcinga, ongenakonakala kangaka.

Tiutchev, lyrics bulumko eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku, njengoko imbongi iye yaphuhliswa ngeenxa zonke ekutshintsheni 1820-1830 kaThixo. Kweli thuba obukhulu kuzo ubugcisa bakhe: "Summer Hosi", "nabuthongo", "yintlekele Last", "umbono", "uCicero", "Autumn Hosi", "umthombo wamanzi" kunye nabanye.

iimpawu ngokubanzi imibongo

Igcwele ingqondo kakhulu yaye uyakuthanda ngexesha elifanayo akwaziqonda nokoyika nentlekele yobomi, imibongo Tiutchev ochazwa zokuvakalisa ezobugcisa zonke izinto ezingangqinelaniyo kunye nokuntsonkotha leyinene. izimvo zakhe zefilosofi kwasekwa phantsi kweempembelelo iimbono zendalo-bulumko ka Schelling. Iingoma ezipheleleyo Fedor buzane ixhala. Nature, ndoda, ihlabathi libonakala imisebenzi yakhe impikiswano obungunaphakade imikhosi ezahlukeneyo belinye icala. Man ngokwemvelo ngeke "ithemba" ekulweni umzabalazo "engalinganiyo", "ni khombo" kunye ukudalelwa, kunye nobomi. Ngokukodwa, imbongi ebethanda umfanekiso neenqwithela kunye tempests umphefumlo womntu kunye nehlabathi. Landscape imifanekiso kwimibongo yakhe kamva adyojwe imibala yesizwe Russian, ngokuchaseneyo indalo ngaphambili.

Iimpawu zefilosofi womculo

Kunye ne E. A. Baratynskim F. I. Tyutchev - ungummeli elidumileyo imibongo yentanda kwilizwe lethu ngenkulungwane ye-19. indlela lakhe ibonakalisa uphawu le kwisihobe ixesha intshukumo ukusuka romanticism ukuya ngokoqobo. Fedor italente, imbongi ubuyeleyo emvuzweni imikhosi umbhodamo yobomi, yaba yinto yemvelo. Bulumko izibongo Tiutchev kwikhontenti yayo yembono zibandakanya ukwahluka hayi kangaka nje ukujula okukhulu. indawo yokugcina kulo mzekelo ithatha isisusa zeemfefe, leyo inokufunyanwa imibongo ezifana "Yizani, Nkosi, luvuyo lwam," yaye "Iinyembezi ngayo abantu."

Ukohluka zesihobe Tiutchev kaThixo

Beka iziphiwo nasengqondweni imida yabantu, neentsilelo ulwazi lwabantu, inkcazo yohlobo, hlanganisa nayo, ukuqondwa esithukuthezi nokuthantamisa iintsilelo uthando - ezi zezona zizathu zefilosofi izibongo Tiutchev. Enye isihloko - umxholo ekwakuphila eyimfihlakalo kunye ingalawuleki zonke izinto eziphilayo.

Tiutchev, ifilosofi lyrics leyo umdla kakhulu, ngokwenene imbongi ahlukile kwaye original, ukuba kungekhona kuphela lonke uncwadi. Oku kuchaphazela bonke refraction kwimibongo yakhe. Umzekelo, umbongo "Owu lesiprofeto umphefumlo wam," "Ngcwele Night", "Night Sky", "Night Voices", "Uyageza", "Imini Night" kunye nabanye bahlukile lwazo bulumko echaza mabi kwawo yendalo, isiphithiphithi kukugeza. Kwaye zisaqhubeka uthando, uze uchaze uhlobo kuxhotyiswa engqondweni lo mbhali ukuba emva konke oku efihliweyo mfihlelo, engxondorheni, eyoyikisayo, uhlobo ezimbi. Ngoko ingcamango yentanda Fedor wayesoloko elirhweba kukukhathazeka, ukwazisa ngokuba iliwa, abazi iintsilelo zawo.

Periodization bobuchule Fedora Ivanovicha Tyutcheva

Isifundo "izibongo Tiutchev yentanda" isikolo sisoloko sivela kunye periodization yomsebenzi wakhe. Ukuthetha ngayo, ezi zigaba zilandelayo yophuhliso kwisihobe yombhali.

Ixesha 1st - engama-20. Eli xesha sokuqala. Imibongo of Fyodor Ivanovich ngeli xesha ikakhulu ngumyinge, ngokwesigqibo esicalanye. Noko ke, sele kwiminyaka 1820, lo kwisihobe umbhali ngcembe yayibalaseliswa ingcamango bulumko. The main sihloko: ukuhlanganisa zonke kunye - ze-bulumko endalo kunye nothando.

ixesha 2 - iminyaka 30-40. Ngeli xesha, Fedor gqolo ukuba imbongi wacinga. Imixholo imvelo nothando nangoku ngokuphathelele kumsebenzi wakhe, kodwa bekhalisa iinjongo ephazamisayo. Bona ezivakaliswa imibala eyahlukileyo nokuphimisela, ezifana kule mihobe kumxholo lokuphambukela ( "Ukususela ekupheleni ukuya ekupheleni ..." njalo-njalo).

ixesha 3 - kwiminyaka 1850-1860. Kukho nzulu iintshukumisa ixhala ephuhlisa Outlook lithemba kunye elimfiliba kubomi.

Tiutchev, lyrics bulumko leyo eye enamandla kakhulu, waqonda ukuba abaninzi bexesha lakhe, okona kubalulekileyo, ukuze ukupapasha imisebenzi yabo. Iqela lokuqala elikhulu imisebenzi yakhe yapapashwa ngoncedo I. S. Gagarina e Pushkin kaThixo "Contemporary" kule minyaka 1836-37. Le ncwadi esiphambili esilandelayo nayo edibene i "Contemporary", kwaba ngowe-1854, wabhala ukukhululwa of I. S. Turgenev. 1868 - uhlelo esaphila yokugqibela imisebenzi. Kwakhona, Tiutchev isusiwe ukusuka ukulungiselela yayo, iphethe kunye nonyana wakhe I. S. Aksakov.

Uhlobo ngamazwi ubuntu kunye nobuchule Tiutchev

Lo mbhali akazange wabhala iintlobo apho ababhali wadala imisebenzi yabo ngexesha lakhe. Yena wayemthanda iprozi ngaphezu imibongo. Fedor ekuqaleni kakhulu Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, Turgenev waba fan.

Abaphengululi abaninzi bulumko izibongo Tiutchev. Le kubhalwe esi sihloko kudale, umzekelo, F. iingcambu. Kwincwadi "Tiutchev. Imbongi-sobulumko" ngokuthatha iingxelo ileta Fedor kwaye ukwakha inkqubo iimbono zakhe. Kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba iingxelo inye kwakhona kunye nezinye izimvo iphambene. Abantu owayeyazi sekusondele Tiutchev kaThixo, waphawula ukuba oko kwabangela ukuba wayedideke (Thu iingxelo I. S. Aksakova, imbongi-in-mthetho, kunye nentombi Anna iileta). Ubuntu Fedor luphawulwa mbini; yena unqwenela ukuba abe mnye, kodwa ngaxeshanye kuba esoyika nto. Oku kubonisa isimilo umbhali, xa kumxholo othile bulumko kunye amazwi Tiutchev.

Impembelelo bume kwi imvelaphi kunye lyrics Tiutchev

Fyodor Ivanovich wazalwa ngomhla Ovstug yelifa ibekwe kwisithili Bryansk, kwintsapho abangathathi abazali uNothozamile. Endlwini abazali bakhe bathetha isiFrentshi. unina imbongi leyo kakhulu inkolo, ngoko kungekudala wafunda intetho lwakudala. Imfundo ye imbongi elizayo eyayikhokelwa S. E. Raicha eMoscow. Le ndoda unjingalwazi nembongi eliphakathi, umnyango ukuya eMoscow iqela zemibongo: Bura, Merzlyakov, Milon. Bona ingqalelo imbongi efanelekileyo, umphengululi, kwaye amazwi ngenxa yabo - kodwa kuphela isiqhamo yomsebenzi onzima.

Fedor ukubhala izibongo ekuseni kakhulu. indalo Early imbongi sidalwe eMunich. Wabathuma eRashiya, yaye yapapashwa anthologies epapashwe yi Raich. Name Tiutchev ngelixa flits phakathi iimbongi ezincinane.

Tiutchev indawo kwinkqubo boncwadi

Fedor ufana ngaphandle uncwadi, kuba akukho nto yaba nayiphi kwiinkampu yoncwadi, andikhange inxaxheba kwingxoxo.

Karamzin era inkcaso ubeke phambili oku kulandelayo: imbongi engahlawulwayo - imbongi-nofundiswayo. It Tiutchev fanele kunokuba ukuya kowokuqala.

Mu kuya kwa nshita abameli wesangqa Moscow, Imbongi engahlawulwayo ukhokela ubomi yodwa, lowo ubuvila, i ignoramus, izazi, singabi sasikhonza nabani. "Ulivila" - ndiyinqumle ngokwesithethe womntu, ekuqingqeni siseko eku sunguleni yoyilo.

Fedor ngokuqhelekileyo kudityaniswe enye imbongi Russian - Afanasiem Afanasevichem Fetom. Kwaye nje kwenzeka. Yentanda Fet lyric kunye Tyutchev ezifanayo. Athanasius Afanasievich - impressionist, ihlabathi lakhe - ihlabathi yokuvela ngoko nangoko: inuka, izandi, imibala, ukukhanya, alpha kuhambela kwelinye, xa ingcamango yokuba. Tiutchev kwakhona rhoqo ngamazinga kunye Baratynsky ngenxa ububanzi izifundo (lyrics bulumko), kodwa ihlabathi lakhe lizimisele ekwahlukeni, terminologichnosti, ingeyo Fedor Ivanovich.

umhlaba Tiutchev likaThixo

Nawuphi umfanekiso lilonke Tiutchev ihlabathi, ingakumbi okudalwe iidayari, iileta, okanye uhlalutyo ilifa layo wobugcisa, lunemiqathango. Fedor kufuneka isixokelelwano ukuba kude kuye. Ngomhlaba eyandisa lyrics yakhe ezayo ngaxeshanye iimbono ezininzi.

Ngokutsho Tynianov, lo mbhali wayeyimbongi ifomu emfutshane, ngokungafaniyo langaphambili, ootitshala (Trediakovskii, Bobrov). Enyanisweni, Fedor uthatha isithethe yaseYurophu yokubhala imihobe emifutshane emane yaye ngokuyinxenye, ungaphinda walenza.

Centre notyekelo Imbongi imvakalelo ngobukho / non-ukhona. Kwaye vesi, yaye iincwadi Fyodor Ivanovich wabuyela kwakhona kwaye kwakhona umba ubu yobomi. inkqubo Art isekelwe imbongi uthelekisa ubukho / ukungabikho leyinene / engeyonene bendawo / ixesha.

Njengoko sele sibonile, Tiutchev woyika ngokwahlukana. Uyithiyile isithuba, esithi ukuba "umlilo nathi." Kungenxa yoko le nto imbongi yamkela ngokufudumeleyo bakwaloliwe, la abaphumelele yona.

Ngelo xesha kukho ezininzi lwemibongo Tiutchev kaThixo isithuba abazinikeleyo. Omnye wabo - "Endleleni ebuyela", sidalwe 1859. Kulo msebenzi, imbongi akhoyo ngelo xesha banxanelwe ebomini, yaye nemvo ubu yalo, kwelinye icala - ingcamango kukwaphulwa. Tiutchev, ifilosofi lyrics akuyondlwan 'iyanetha, akazange andicingi uyaphila. Fedor ithelekisa ubuntu bakhe endlwini, ogama windows iqatywe ngetshokhwe.

Ukuba ke, eli umbhali - isiseko yonke into. Kodwa kubalulekile kulo mzekelo enye inkalo ikhona, nako - yokonakalisa intshabalalo (uthando, ezifana ukuzibulala). Ngokuphathelele oku mbongo umdla "Twins", umgca yokugqibela apho - "! Ukuzibulala kunye nothando" - uhlanganisa la magama mabini zibe ebumbene.

Kweli hlabathi Tiutchev kubalulekile ukuba imida: umgca, umgca dudula, aze ahlele. Ingcamango ukutshatyalaliswa njenge esiphambili uhlele lonke "denisevsky" umjikelo, edityaniswe uthando bulumko izibongo Tiutchev.

Le mbono "ukufa" kuba Imbongi ezininzi kakhulu. rhyme yayo yangaphakathi kunye ngothando Tiutchev. lyrics bulumko, umbongo, eyakhelwe umahluko, ngokukodwa, kuba ihlabathi lonke. Ihlabathi emideni, seqela. Enye nestanza idibanisa zombini ukukhanya nasethunzini. Oku ekuso, umzekelo, ukuqala mbongo "Spring Water". Ithi emasimini nangoku ikhephu, kodwa ke amanzi sele ingxolo.

Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, i-LV Pumplyansky Tiutchev ingqalelo bodlerizma ummeli. Ubuhle ubuhle ukufa umbongo ubonisa "Mal'aria" (in translation - "ezingcolisekileyo moya"). Inkqubo le mveliso iqulethe ezingalunganga nezilungileyo: ihlabathi elihle (ivumba rose, imilambo esikhenkcezayo, isibhakabhaka ecacileyo) - omabini ihlabathi ukufa.

Tiutchev ngenxa yobukho - yinto yokwenene eyeyomzuzwana nangoko, leyo omelana intshabalalo. Kungenxa kule ndlela, kukuba kwi kwipali icala ingcamango "ixesha" njengoko zonke elidlulileyo - oko bonke abafileyo. Kodwa kukho amandla ezikhethekileyo - kwinkumbulo (akukho ngozi imibongo emininzi kangaka kunikezelwa kuye). imibongo yentanda imisebenzi Tyutchev ngokucacileyo kakhulu andise lo mxholo.

Le motif kwinkumbulo kwi lyric Tyutchev

Ukuba inkumbulo sengqondo imbongi ngayo buhlungu, nto leyo iphawulwa ezahlukeneyo ngokomgaqo: "! Khumbula" "Khumbula"! kunye nabanye. Kwakhona ukuvuselela elidlulileyo, kodwa oku akubi yokwenene. Nakwiileta eziya imbongi ngokuphindaphindiweyo ikhankanya ukuba akukho mntu uthanda khumbula, kuba uvakalelwa ukuba imemori yinto yokwenene. Ekubuyeni kwakhe eJamani eRashiya emva kweminyaka engamashumi amabini lokungabikho, wadibana abahlobo bakhe ubudala, yaye kungquzulwano ulwazi kunye nkumbulo baba buhlungu mbongi.

Tiutchev memory ihlabathi kabini; Uyoyikeka ngokundizobela ngaxeshanye (njengoko ngokwenene elidlulileyo ingenjalo kangaka langoku).

Into kunjalo, enaluvayo ngokucacileyo ngakumbi siyagcuma, ixesha kahle. Kanye ubomi, ukufa yhuu. Okwangoku, ethe, kwaye akukho elidlulileyo, ngenxa yokuba - njengesithunzi kuphela. Kodwa namhlanje kuthathwa njengesithunzi yexesha elidlulileyo. Ngoko ke, nokuba litshatshazi, laba ithunzi ngokwenene. Bebindekile awukwazi ukubakhona ngaphandle isithunzi, wathi Tiutchev. lyrics bulumko, imibongo anikezelwe ekubeni (ingakumbi, "yintlekele Last") - oku isisusa ibalulekileyo ebomini nokufa, hayi nje kuphela abantu, kodwa ehlabathini lonke. Tiutchev qikelela ukuba ngenye imini uya kuba isiphelo endalo, amanzi isiciko umhlaba, nto leyo ebonisa "ubuso bukaThixo."

Space and landscape kwi imbongi

Okulandelayo kwixesha Fedor Ivanovich kukho isithuba, kodwa akukho - eli lixesha ngengqiqo lwendawo. Oku nje ucutheko ukwanda rhoqo. Kukho omnye - yasekhaya (nkqo). Kufuneka koyiswa njengento embi, anti-kwabantu, wathi Tiutchev. Bulumko lyrics ihlaziya isithuba kwaye kwelinye icala. Kuya Infinity kusoloko ngokuqinisekileyo zavavanywa. Kodwa okona kubalulekileyo isicwangciso - gqolo kokuhla, kwanjengokuba bekukho - ubunzulu yokungapheli.

Landscape nemibongo bulumko Tiutchev uneempawu zawo. Kubume imbongi esiphikisana ngokucacileyo kwiintaba namathafa. indawo Flat eyoyikisayo, ebanga amanwele. Imbongi happy ukuba kukho intaba ehlabathini ( "Endleleni"), isihloko musicality wabo indawo ekhethekileyo kubume yombhali.

Motif emgaqweni isebenza Fedora Ivanovicha Tyutcheva

Bulumko lyrics F. I. Tyutcheva iquka le motif. Kulo mbongo "I Owasasaza" indlela livela, kwaye Nakuba, ngomsebenzi wakhe "Ndiyayithanda Service of the yamaLuthere" bunxulunyaniswa mzuzu mnye: ukufumana indawo ethile kwendlela nguye yedwa.

Tiutchev zonke iintlobo iintlanganiso, ukuqeshwa - obu bomi, ize ngokwahlukana - ukufa. Road imele care. Nangona yena idibanisa ezi ngongoma zimbini, kodwa okuhlukana kuqala ukuze elikhethiweyo negative.

inkqubo yentanda imisebenzi Tyutchev

Njengoko ubona, ihlabathi Tiutchev kaThixo inzima kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, oku akwenzi kube ebulala. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, livela umanyano olunzulu lwesemantiki, waqonda nanjengoko lemanyano kunye neyantlukwano. Oku kuboniswe ngemisebenzi emininzi. Umzekelo, kulo mbongo "I Owasasaza" kukho ingcamango unxibelelwano (i sisibhadubhadu Zeus) kunye nomanyano iyantlukwano. World, ukufudukela umhambi, kukuba lokwenene kuZeyus. It utyebile ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye zibonakalisa ubunye khompawundi apho le mizekelo ezibumba wonke omnye. Kwezinye nezinye iivesi, nangona kunjalo, ukudityaniswa Kuqikelelwa ezimbi, uye imiqondiso yokubhuqwa hlabathi efile. Into limela nenzaliseko, ukujula, ngelo xesha apho monakalo.

Ngoko ke, ifilosofi lyrics F. I. Tyutcheva ungachazwa ukuba amagama ezisisiseko luvandlakanyo ngamanye amaxesha malunga kunye semantics. Kuba nganye neengqikelelo ezingundoqo kule mbongi kukho eziliqela neentsingiselo. Nawuphi na umsebenzi Fyodor Ivanovich yakhiwa njenge iingcinga mnyama, hayi ayindawo. Ingcinga linokuthetha zombini ekufeni nobomi.

isiprofeto

Lo mxholo isiprofeto ebalulekileyo kumsebenzi Tiutchev kaThixo. Kodwa iya kuvela ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Kodwa oku kwingqikelelo Pushkin okanye imboni zeBhayibhile - isiprofeto le Pythia. Phakathi kwakhe nabantu kufuneka kubekho umlamleli, ngamanye amazwi umbingeleli. Ngoko ke ithatha indawo sliding: yena umbingeleli, i Pythia. maxa wambi Tiutchev unika iziprofeto ukuchazwa, kodwa bona, ngathi sababingeleli, hayi ingacaci, akukaqondwa kakuhle. Umfundi kufuneka ukucinga ngokuzimeleyo, ukutolika (as in kudala).

Uxolo Imibongo

KuFedor Ivanovich, ihlabathi liyimfihlakalo, kwaye imbongo iyimfihlo emibini. Ityala, kuba, ngokubhaliweyo umbhali, iphindaphinda kabini isono somhlaba. Isiqwenga singasombululwa, kodwa kusadingeka ukuba sikwazi ukwenza. Iingqinamba zeembongi zizifanekiselo (ezichazwe ngokuthe ngqo), kwaye aziyizo iimpawu (ezininzi zixabiso). Nangona kufuneka kuphawulwe ukuphindaphinda kwexabiso ngokwalo. I-Tyutchev icetyisa ukuba ihlabathi ngokwalo liyimfihlakalo, liqondakala, lithetha. Ihlabathi libekwe ngumntu. Kodwa ngubani na? Thatha inkondlo iTyutchev "Akunjalo ukuba uguqula, uhlobo ...". Kubonisa ukuba kukho ingqondo kwendalo. Ihlabathi lithetha nathi, kodwa kungekhona wonke umntu ova. Ukuba nguLizwi elithethwa ngumntu kumntu. Kwaye abantu abanakukuqonda olu lwimi olungavumiyo kwaye bahlale bezithulu ("Nature - Sphinx ...", ebhalwe ngo-1869, njl.).

Iingoma zefilosofi zikaTyutchev zacatshangwa ngokufutshane kule nqaku. Xa kubhaliwe, u- Yuri Lotman , umgxeki owaziwayo, wasetyenziswa. Ungabhekisela kwimisebenzi yakhe kwaye uncedise ulwazi lwakhe, ukuphawula kunye nezinye iimpawu zeengoma zefilosofi zaseTyutchev, kweli nqaku asicatshangwanga. Ungasebenzisa enye imithombo ukuba ufunde umsebenzi kaFyodor Ivanovich, umzekelo, incwadi ye-Irina Ilinichna Kovtunova ethi Iilwimi kwiiLwimi zaseRashiya, apho unokufumana isahluko esinikelwe emsebenzini kaTyutchev. Okanye ubhekisele kwincwadi enyatheliswa ngo-1962 "Ubomi kunye nokudala iTyutchev, ebhalwe nguKirill Vasilievich Pigarev. Sazama ubuncinane ngokufutshane, kodwa ngokubanzi kunokwenzeka ukuba sikwazi ukugqamisa isihloko.