Imbali i "Ntombi Yomphathi". Eyona engundoqo abalinganiswa "Ntombi I Yomphathi", imisebenzi uhlobo

Emva kokuba gadalala le mvukelo ngo-abavukeli kwi Staraya Russa ngasekuqaleni imi--30 kwinkulungwane XIX, Pushkin utsalela ingqalelo amaxesha "wakhathazeka" kwimbali ezweni labo. Apha iqala imbali "Ntombi I Yomphathi." Umfanekiso labavukeli Pugachev owuthanda yaye etsala ingqalelo wembongi. Yaye lo mxholo sisebenze imisebenzi ezimbini zomsebenzi zembali Pushkin kaThixo "I History of Pugachev" yaye "Ntombi I Yomphathi." Zombini imisebenzi azinikele iziganeko of War the Abalimi ' ka-1773-1775, ikhokelwa ngu-Emelyana pugacheva.

Isanda ingcaciso, indalo le "Imbali ka Pugachev"

Imbali i "Ntombi Yomphathi" kuthatha iminyaka engaphezu kwama-3. Pushkin wabhala umsebenzi wokuqala "I History of Pugachev", kuba yena ziqokelelwa ngocoselelo ezikhoyo kunye nobungqina. Kwafuneka ukuba uhambe emazweni ambalwa kummandla iVolga kunye nommandla Orenburg, apho mvukelo wathabatha ndawo yaye nangoku amangqina ezo ziganeko ophilileyo. Ummiselo ukumkani ngoko ke wanikwa ukufikelela amaxwebhu zahlelwa ephathelele kwezithandani le mvukelo kunye namagunya ayo. yomlando Family kwaneempepha zabucala kwamaxwebhu kwakusaziwa inxalenye enkulu imithombo yolwazi. Xa "zokubhalela igciniwe" Pushkin ukuvota iikopi nemimiselo kunye neeleta Emelyana pugacheva. Imbongi bathetha kunye namadoda amakhulu ababemazi pugacheva wegqitha isithethe ngaye. Ndabuza imbongi, wathi, kuhlola indawo yeduli. ulwazi azibhala ibile isoma ukuze futhi ngokucophelela kumsebenzi zembali "I History of Pugachev" Zonke eziqokelelweyo. inoveli Small uyasibonisa enye kumaphepha amaninzi umdla kwimbali Russian - ithuba Pugachev. Lo msebenzi ubizwa ngokuba "Imbali yemvukelo Pugachev" waza wakhululwa ngowe-1834. Kuphela emva kokuba ukusekwa imisebenzi zembali imbongi yaqala ukubhala ubugcisa - ". Ntombi I Yomphathi"

AMAGQABAZA ▸ heroes, ukwakhiwa lwendaba

Lo mfanekiso kwi inoveli egameni igosa oselula Petra Grineva okhonza Fort Belogorsk. amaxesha amaninzi umbhali watshintsha icebo lakhe isebenza sebali ngokwahlukileyo kwaye nabalinganiswa igama. Xa imisebenzi Ekuqaleni hero wacinga lakomkhulu oselula, ngubani eyeke ukuya Pugachev. Imbongi wafunda Imbali Shvanvich esemka ngokuzithandela, nonile ukuba abo bavukeli, kunye negosa Basharina, amazwe kubanjiswa Pugachev. Ngokusekelwe amatyala abo yoqobo kwasekwa abalinganiswa ababini, omnye - igosa lakomkhulu, owaba ngumngcatshi, ogama umfanekiso kufunwa nokuwela imiqobo yokuziphatha kunye kuhlolwa ixesha. Sinokuthi kwase saba ligosa Shvabrin Shvanovich. Eli ligama ekhankanywe kummiselo basebukhosini 'Xa isohlwayo ukufa ungumngcatshi kunye neenkani bhedengu Pugachev kunye namaqabane akhe. " A ophambili of "Ntombi I Yomphathi" Green wadalwa umbhali kuxhomekeka kwimbali yokwenene kwigosa emandleni yamabanjwa. Waye ekucingelwa ukuba amakhonkco kunye Emelyan Pugachev, kodwa kamva oku ayiqinisekiswanga, igosa engenalo kwaye wakhululwa.

Ukupapashwa kwimbali indalo "Ntombi I Yomphathi" yi Pushkin

Pushkin ukukhanyisa izihloko wezepolitiki etsolo akazange msebenzi lula, njengoko oko kungqinwa imbali "Ntombi I Yomphathi": iinguqu ezininzi kwimisebenzi yokwakha kwesicwangciso, ukutshintsha amagama abalinganiswa kunye kuqhubekayo ebalini.

Ibali lika "Ntombi I Yomphathi" kuqala okhankanywe phakathi ku-1832. Sebenza ngokwayo wavela print ngoDisemba 1836 xa magazini "Contemporary" ngaphandle utyikityo lwe umbhali. Noko ke, kuhlolwa iimpapasho intloko imvukelo abalimi ezilalini Grinyova wawuvaliwe, apho imbongi ngokwakhe kamva kuthiwa "othethwayo intloko." In Pushkin kokudalwa 'Ntombi I Yomphathi "yaphumelela kwiminyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, emva kokushiya imveliso ukushicilela imbongi kabuhlungu wabulawa Kungquzulwano.

Aleksandru Sergeevichu kwafuneka ukuba namandla kakhulu iinzame ukudala abalinganiswa. Wathetha amaxwebhu lushicilelwe, noovimba usapho, wayekulangazelela wafunda imbali kwimvukelo ekhokelwa yi Emelyana pugacheva. Pushkin watyelela izixeko ezininzi iVolga, kuquka Kazan kunye Astrakhan, apho uqala i "sokuthimba 'ukuba labavukeli. Wade wafumana amalungu osapho ukuba sihlole kakuhle ngakumbi lonke ulwazi. umsebenzi zembali "I History of Pugachev" wayebunjwa izinto ezifunyenweyo, eyasetyenziswa ukuba adale Pugachev bakhe "Ntombi I Yomphathi." Ebendinalo ngaxeshanye lokucinga malunga ukuhluza iindaba kunye nomlinganiswa leyo bemphikisa kuphela imilinganiselo yokuziphatha ngentsulungeko ixesha, kodwa waphakamisa impikiswano yepolitiki. bakreqileyo kwakhe nengqondo ekuqaleni wayefanele ukuba ibe kwicala le Pugachev, kodwa ebudeni ingcaciso isicwangciso latshintshwa izihlandlo ezininzi.

Ngenxa yoko, kuyimfuneko ukuba bahlule umlinganiswa ezimbini - i "eqaqambileyo" kunye "mnyama", okt nomkhuseli Grinyova kunye umngcatshi Shvabrin. Shvabrin sathatha zonke iimpawu okubi, ukusuka yobumenemene nokuba ligwala of iphele.

"Ntombi Yomphathi" Heroes World

Imbongi akwazi ukuchaza amaphepha bali liyinyaniso iimpawu Russian kunye neempawu. Pushkin ngokucacileyo kwaye enemibala lilawula ukugqithisa uhlobo oluchasayo abantu ngokuphathelele omnye. Xa imveliso "Onegin" kokuba sichazwe iintlobo malunga yezikhulu kwi imifanekiso Tatyana kunye Onegin, kwaye "Ntombi The Yomphathi," wakwazi ukubonisa umahluko weempawu typecasting nabalimi Russian:, wemikhosi eyingqondi abazahluleleyo, lunolwazelelo neengqondi Savelich, esineenkani, nogonyamelo, Pugachev eneenkani. Apha ebalini "Ntombi I Yomphathi" iimpawu hero unika zikholeleke kakhulu novakalelo.

wohlanga Grinyov

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ibali lethu, abalinganiswa abaphambili bafanelwe. Le hero of "Ntombi The Yomphathi," igosa oselula Grinyov, egameni ngumbalisi, wazisa phezulu izithethe endala. Wanikwa beselula ebino-Savelich kuphembelela landa kuphela emva kokuba ukugxothwa ootitshala engumFrentshi Beaupre. Okwangoku kuzelwe umntu ehlabathini, uPetros iye yabhalwa kwi bake webutho phoyisa ukuba licacise lonke ikamva lakhe.

Pet Alekseevich Grinev - ophambili of "Ntombi I Yomphathi" - iye sidalwe ngokomfanekiso ngumntu wokwenene, ulwazi malunga apho Pushkin efumaneka amaxwebhu mpepha ubekelwe Pugachev. Umatshini Grinyova - igosa Basharin ngubani yathinjwa bavukeli ndasinda kuye. Ukwenza inoveli "Ntombi I Yomphathi", kukhatshwa utshintsho egameni hero. Kuye zatshintsha kaninzi (Bulanin Valuev), njengoko umbhali zange ayeke Grinevoj. Endleleni umlinganiswa ophambili enxulumene ke ndingenalo, "ingcamango usapho" yokuzikhethela kwiimeko ezinzima ngqwabalala.

Ichaza emlonyeni Grinyova nemiphumo emibi Pugachev, Pushkin ubiza imvukelo ezibubudenge kabuhlungu. Mountains izidumbu, abantu abaninzi ngemixokelelwane, ngeentsontelo kunye ekhandiweyo wazixhoma - loo nto ebuhlungu le mvukelo. Ukubona ziphangwe, zonakalise ilali, imililo, okanye amaxhoba amsulwa, athi wagqabhuka: ". Ungasingenisi bukaThixo ukuze abone imvukelo Russian, ezingenangqondo kabuhlungu"

serf Savelich

Ukwenza inoveli "Ntombi I Yomphathi" bekungenakwenzeka ngaphandle umfanekiso eliqaqambileyo abantu bomthonyama. Serf Savelich babekholelwa ukuba wazalwa kuphela inkosi yakhe. Enye ubomi, yena angabi nako ngqondweni. Kodwa inkonzo yakhe kuNdikhoyo - ayikho servility, yena ezele ngesidima yezikhulu.

Savyelitch imfudumalo osisityebi yangaphakathi, attachment akanamdla nokuzincama. inkosi wakhe uyamthanda njengobawo, ithatha unonophelo kuye ophethwe izityholo olwagqithayo idilesi yakhe. Le ndoda indala ukubandezeleka ukusuka bubulolo, kuba bonke ubomi bakhe wayitshabalalisa wenkonzo uMnumzana.

bavukele Pugachev

Enye umfanekiso ocacileyo of nature Russian imbongi wakwazi ukuba idlule Emelyana pugacheva. Le hero of "Ntombi I Yomphathi" yi Pushkin igqalwa bevela macala ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. One Pugachev - zamehlo, kunye nobuchule ezinkulu kunye nendoda astute, apho sibona njengomntu oqhelekileyo, wachaza nolwalamano olusondeleyo Grinev. Ukhumbula izinto ezintle ngaye, kwaye sinombulelo kakhulu. Enye Pugachev - nangenkohlakalo bazilindele umsiki, ukuthumela abantu emthini kwaye uyabulawa eliqina umhlolokazi kwingqwayi Mironov. Le icala pugacheva - lizothe, ochaphazela ubudlova yegazi layo.

Ibali lika "Ntombi I Yomphathi" kwenza kucace ukuba Pugachev - obangela madolo. Yena kukhethwe indima 'guide "nabadala, yaye emva eyanikelwa ngabo ngabo. Pugachev wakholwa ukuba iRussia wayemiselwe ukuba ohlwaywe ngenxa okayanstvo yakhe. Wayesazi ukuba lalingayi, ukuba kuphela indima ephambili lomdlali nezinto eneenkani. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye Pugachev unodoli hayi soulless kwi ezandleni kumadoda amakhulu, wenza konke isibindi, unyamezelo nokomelela yengqondo kwimpumelelo qhankqalazo.

An ochasene ye ophambili - Shvabrin

Shvabrin lakomkhulu, iqhawe "Ntombi I Yomphathi", omnye umntu wokwenene, wakukhankanya apho Pushkin ezifumaneka amaxwebhu agciniweyo. Mu kuya kwa nshita Grinyov amanene ngokunyaniseka, Shvabrin - umphefumlo embi Rascal. Lula ihamba kwicala Pugachev, kamsinya nje wathabatha Belgorod inqaba. Power yena uzama ukufumana ingqondo indawo.

Kodwa kwangaxeshanye Shvabrin yayingesosidenge, yena mlingane nehlekisayo kwaye ukonwabisa, wakhwela inkonzo kwi Belgorod nenqaba uthando zamehlo dueling. Kungenxa Shvabrin Grinyov iza ezikrokrelekayo uMbuso, yaye phantse evinjwa ebomini.

Ntombi Yomphathi Maria Mironova

Ibali lika "Ntombi I Yomphathi" isixelela kwakhona malunga uthando ngamaxesha anzima kwimvukelo ethandwayo. Heroine ezingundoqo "Ntombi I Yomphathi" - Maria Mironova, owabanyusayo phezu iinoveli French ngaphandle ikhazi, intombi womthetheli Fort Belogorsk. Kungenxa yakhe ukulwa Kungquzulwano Green and Shvabrin, nangona nga asisiso nayiphi na kuzo. Abazali Petrusha wawukwalela nokuba ucinga mayelana satshata Dowry kunye Shvabrin lilinono owaphantsa waphumelela ezimbini zokucwangcisa, akukho ndawo entliziyweni sentombazana.

Uye abengababelanga yena ngexesha lokufakwa inqaba, xa ezama ukufumana amandla inkoliseko yakhe. In ingqondo waqokelela ndawonye yonke imikhwa emihle yabafazi Russian - zimsulwa nobunyulu lomlinganiswa, ubushushu, umonde, kunye nokuzimisela ukuba umbingelelo, nokuqina nokukwazi hayi ukutshintsha imigaqo yakhe. Ngenxa kwezandla ingqondo Shvabrin Grinyov uya Pugachev uze umcele ukuba ndinikhululele intanda yakhe.

Inkcazelo iziganeko ebalini

inkcazo kweziganeko isekelwe phezu memoirs amahlanu uLord Grineva Petra Alekseevicha. Zabhalelwa ebudeni bolawulo loMlawuli Alexander kunye ezingcwele le mvukelo yamahlwempu ukhokelwa Emelyana pugacheva. Ngokuthanda isiphelo igosa oselula kwafuneka ukuba athathe inxaxheba kulo ngokuzenzekelayo.

ebuntwaneni Petrusha

Iqala ibali "Ntombi I Yomphathi" kunye memoirs isigqebelo uPetros Andreyevich ngobuntwana bakhe. Uyise - a umhlala Major-nkene, unina - intombi ohlupheka yenkosi. Zonke asibhozo Petrusha wafa ebuntwaneni, kwaye umlinganiswa sabhalwa kwi bake webutho, bathe ngxi esibelekweni. Kwiminyaka emihlanu, inkwenkwe ubeka zokufuna Savelycha ogama ubabalo Petrusha kwi guys. Phantsi umyalelo wakhe uye wafunda ukufunda nokubhala Russian, kwaye 'ayikwazanga sandule kugweba iipropati inja Yinja elingesi. " Emva kokuba inkosi oselula aphumayo utitshala Frenchman Beaupre, ngubani akugqiba ukugxothwa uchitelsvovanie lihlazo unxila ngokufekethisa amantombazana eyadini.

Petrushka Young uphila ubomi ungakhathaliyo de kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu, nokusukelana amahobe kunye nokudlala sizitsibe ezinye. Ngelo elinesixhenxe, uyise ugqiba ukuthumela i ignoramus kule nkonzo, kodwa hayi kwi bake webutho, kwaye emkhosini, ngoko nyuhnul kwazo. Oku kwakhokelela igosa oselula ekruqukile lowo wayenethemba ukuba mnandi ubomi ungakhathaliyo kwikomkhulu.

igosa inkonzo Grinyova

Endleleni eya Orenburg inkosi umkhonzi wakhe ukungena isaqhwithi eyomeleleyo, yaye abaninzi baye balahlekelwa badibane nabo babanjwa xa elineentshebe Roma, awonisa ukuba bakwazi. Endleleni eya yezindlu Petru Andreevichu namaphupha kunye iphupha eloyikekayo. Nombulelo Grinyov unika ingubo yakhe Umvundla umsindisi, imphathe iglasi yewayini. Emva Enkosi mutual Roma kunye nekhefu Green.

Ekufikeni, uPetros wothuka kukufumanisa ukuba inqaba Belgorod ayikhangeleki ngathi yindawo kungenakugqithwa - yinto nje kwilali cute kancinane ucingo ngamaplanga. Endaweni swashbuckling amajoni - invalids imfazwe, kwaye endaweni zokudubula ukuloyisa - an shaka omdala, leyo ivalekile emlonyeni izibi endala.

INtloko inqaba - igosa entle, elungileyo Mironov - engenamandla kwimfundo kwaye ngokupheleleyo phantsi kwempembelelo ngumfazi wakhe. Umfazi ubaleka uyinqaba ezifana nendlu yakhe. Mironov uthathe Petrusha eliyinkunzi libe nonina, yaye yena wababopha kuye owayo uthandana nentombi yabo uMariya. inkonzo mthwalo kufuneka ukufunda iincwadi nokubhala imibongo.

Ekuqaleni kwenkonzo Pet Grinev uziva uvelwano Shvabrin sombutho lula, ngubani na usondele kuye kwimfundo kunye nomsebenzi. Kodwa Shvabrin ukubhuqa ngayo wagxeka ndinyana Grinyova, yabangela ingxabano phakathi kwabo, avela amdaka bucala ingqondo - isizathu sokuba ezimbini zokucwangcisa, apho Green wenzakala basely Shvabrin.

Isilonda ekunyanyekelweni Peter Maria, yaye bayaqonda ukuba nezinye iimvakalelo zabo. UPetros wabhala ileta eya kubazali, ecela intsikelelo zabo emtshatweni. Noko ke, emva kokuva ukuba uMariya akukho ikhazi, uyise uyakwalela unyana wakhe ukuba bacinge ngale ntombazana.

Pugachev kwango

Ukudalwa "Ntombi I Yomphathi" lu dityanisiwe a kwimvukelo ethandwayo. Kweli bali, le kwenzeka ngolu hlobo. Xa ezweni Bashkirs kwilali lingenakuthetha nje ubanjwe imiyalezo nyala. Abahlali Fort Belogorsk ngoloyiko elinde ukuhlasela abalimi ngabavukeli ikhokelwa yi Pugachev. Nokuhlaselwa ngabavukeli kwenzeka kungalindelekanga, xa uhlaselo lokuqala inqaba wamajoni wanikezela izikhundla zabo. beza Abahlali waphuma waya kumkhawulela pugacheva ngesonka kunye netyuwa, kwaye kukhokelela isikwere kwidolophu ngenxa yesifungo ukuya omtsha 'bazimele ". I-ngqwayi kunye nomfazi wakhe ufe, engafuni ukuba bafunge isigxina bhedengu Pugachev. Grinyova silinde emthini, kodwa kamva Yemelyan nemfesane kuyo, ukuba ngaye neqabane, lowo wasindisa vungu wafumana isipho esivela kuye uboya nomvundla.

Pugachev ke igosa, yaye enqanaweni uncedo kwicala Orenburg. Ufuna kumhlangula ekuthinjweni lokugula ingqondo, nto leyo enika umfazi umbingeleli ukuze nomtshana wakhe. Yena wakhathazeka kakhulu ngokhuseleko yakhe, kuba kwingqwayi elimisiweyo Shvabrin, ngubani eyeke abo bavukeli. E Orenburg, bayis iingxelo bakhe yaye akazange ukunceda. Yaye kungekudala, nesixeko ngokwaso kwi zokungqinga elide. Ngokungenamkhethe ukuze Grinyov ingqondo ufumana ileta kunye nesicelo uncedo, waza ke waphinda wathumela enqabeni. Apho, ngoncedo Pugachev oko ukhupha ingqondo, awe phantsi rhanelwa zaseMelika kunye yokufayilisha Shvabrin efanayo.

Ukusuka ekuthinjweni engunaphakade eSiberia Grinyova igcina ingqondo, ngokunyanisekileyo waxelela yonke into uKumkanikazi, yaye wasixolela Peter Andreyevich.

ekugcineni

Okubhaliweyo ophambili weli bali wenziwe yamanqaku Petra Andreevicha Grineva. Abahlalutyi banikwa inoveli "Ntombi I Yomphathi" ezi mpawu zilandelayo: oko ngokwembali ibali ebalulekileyo. Esiqaphelekayo Pugachevshchina ibonwa ngamehlo umnumzana, owasinika isifungo isigxina uKumkanikazi, kwaye ngokuhlonela walandela igosa lakhe emsebenzini. Enoba kunzima, phakathi kweentaba izidumbu kunye negazi labantu elwandle, ayiyi engalandeli ilizwi eso, ubuqaqawuli iyunifomu yakhe.

A mvukelo ethandwayo eyayikhokelwa Pugachev sibonakala "Ntombi I Yomphathi" njengoko yintlekele. Pushkin uthelekisa abantu kunye namandla.

Abagxeki baye ngokuba ibali "Ntombi I Yomphathi" eluchochoyini iprozi Pushkin kaThixo. Le mveliso waqalisa ukuphila oonobumba Russian ngokwenene kunye neentlobo. Yonke kwisihobe umoya eneenkani Pushkin kaThixo, oko kuko umda iqhelekileyo. Kwaye kweli bali, ibali yemvukelo ka Pugachev, imbongi ucula wenkululeko kunye nemvukelo. ezakudala Russian ukunika ibali "Ntombi I Yomphathi" review positive. Enye wobugcisa bacebisa iincwadi Russian.

"Ntombi I Yomphathi": ukubandakanya yohlobo

Ngaba bacinga ukuba ibali "Ntombi I Yomphathi" uhlobo kwinoveli zembali? Ngapha koko, imbongi wayekholelwa ukuba okhanyisele umsebenzi wakhe yonke sexesha yembali, ukuze bakugqala inoveli. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wadlula ukuhlalutya uncwadi, umsebenzi bobabo ibali. Bambalwa abagxeki bayavuma ukuba "Ntombi I Yomphathi" - inoveli, badla ukukubiza intsomi okanye ibali.

"Ntombi I Yomphathi" kwi yeqonga neziveliso

Namhlanje kwenziwe eninzi yeqonga kunye inoveli kinopostanovok "Ntombi I Yomphathi." Ethandwa kakhulu ke iqale uPawulos Reznikov yegama elifanayo. Lo mboniso wakhululwa ngowe-1978 yaye kubaluleke kinospektaklem. Indima umlinganiswa ophambili ndafumana kakuhle awaziwayo iqhelekile kubabukeli abadlali. Sikhethekileyo nokwenza kukuba akukho mntu ufumana kusetyenziswa kumfanekiso, akukho namnye unyanzela ekhethekileyo make-up, kwaye akukho nanye into eza kudibanisa abadlali kunye nencwadi, Ukongeza kokubhaliweyo. Loo mbhalo, Uvuthise mood, yenza umbukeli va, yaye abadlali ukufunda nje kuye ilizwi lakhe. Nangona ukuziqambela yokuba ukuhlelwa bali "Ntombi I Yomphathi", lo mfanekiso iphumelele ncomo ezinkulu. zemidlalo ezininzi balandela umgaqo ukufunda omnye kuphela itekisi Pushkin kaThixo.

Oko kukuthi, ngokubanzi, imbali yenoveli "Ntombi I Yomphathi" A. S. Pushkina.