Ipistonless pistons kwi "Prioru": idivaysi kunye neempawu

Abanikazi bemoto "uLada Priora" bahlala behlala kwiimeko ezingathandekiyo. Ukuqhekeka kwebhanti yendlela yokuhambisa igesi kubangela imiphumo ebuhlungu. Into leyo kukuba i-pistons, eyenziwa ngumvelisi efomini xa idibanisa injini, ineesampulu zokunganelanga. Ezi zikhethiweyo zibizwa ngokuba yiingcogs. Le yimbangela yokutshatyalaliswa. Ukulungiswa kweenjini emva kwesiganeko esinjalo kuya kubiza umnini wemoto kakhulu. Akuncinci ukuthatha indawo yexesha eliqhelekileyo ngokuthiwa yi-bezvtykovye pistons kwi "Prioru".

Ifizikiki yomsebenzi weepiston, imithwalo

Eli qela lenzelwe ukuguqula amandla avela kwi-explosion fuel ukuya kwisikhenketho sokuguqulela nokuwadlulisela kwi-crankshaft. Xa iigesi zandisa emva kokuqhuma, i-piston kunye nomsebenzi wayo ophezulu ziphantsi kweempembelelo kunye nefuthe. Iimpazamo zamava aphezulu. Ubungakanani obukhulu becingayo kwi-injini "Priora" inokufikelela kwindawo engama-65 ukuya kuma-80. Oku phantse amathani amaninzi. Ngexesha lokusebenza, iipiston zikwazi ukukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza ukuhamba kwazo ukuya kwi-100 km / h okanye ngaphezulu. Kananjalo ukuhamba kwabo kunganciphisa phantse ukuya kwi-zero kwixesha elide ukuya kwi-200 Hz kwi-6000 rpm. Xa umxube wamafutha kunye nomoya uqhuma kwi-cylinder, ukushisa ngaphakathi kungakwazi ukuya kuma-1800-2600. Ngaphansi kwefuthe elinjalo lokushisa, iimpawu zamandla zancitshiswa. Kukho uxinzelelo olushushu olushushu ngenxa yokutshintshwa kweqondo lobushushu. Kwakhona kufanelekile ukungongeza umbane ukusuka kwingcinezelo yeemveliso eziqhumayo kunye ne-inertia ngexesha lokukhawuleza kunye nokunciphisa kwii-high frequencies.

Ngokuphathelele uyilo lweepiston

Ukuze usebenze kwiimeko ezinjalo, iinkcukacha kufuneka zibe njengokukhanya ngangokunokwenzeka. Kwaye loo nto ayinqabile ukugqoka. Kwakhona, i-alloy kufuneka ibe ne-conductivity high thermal. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa izinga eliphezulu lokupholisa. Izakhiwo zangaphandle zisebenza kufuneka zenziwe ngendlela yokuba inxalenye ayifaki kwi-cylinder evuthayo. Kwakhona, iimveliso ezinokutsha kufuneka zingangeni kwi-crankcase. I-piston inomfanekiso obomvu, kunomlinganiselo omkhulu phakathi kweqondo lokutshisa inxalenye yalo yokusebenza kunye nengubo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba uhlangabezane nazo zonke iimfuno. Ukuhlawulela ukulungiswa kwengubo ngexesha lokusebenza, i-piston yenziwa nge "anti-ellipse". I-axis enkulu yeyona nxalenye igxininisekile kwi-axis ye-hole-mounting hole.

Intloko yepiston okanye inxalenye yayo ephezulu ifaka phantsi. Kukho neendawo ezikhethekileyo zokungena kwiifom ze-O. Ingxenye ephezulu ukuhlangabezana nemithwalo ephakamileyo, kwinqanaba lokuvelisa lihlanganiswe ngqongqelo olukhethekileyo lokubhinqa. I-Grooves yokufaka iisongo zenziwe ukwenzela ukuba kukho i-angle encinane. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umda wangaphandle wendandatho uphakamileyo uphezulu kunokuba ungaphakathi. Oku kwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukhusela umthamo we-groove section-cross section kwicandelo lokusebenza ngexesha lokushisa okuphezulu. Ukuqinisekisa isaphulelo esingcono, i-piston iyaphathwa kuyo yonke indawo yokusebenza eneengubo ezikhethekileyo. Ukuze inxalenye isetyenziswe kangcono, kusetshenziswe iingubo eziza kuguga ngexesha lokusebenza. Le yimboyi yengubo okanye i-phosphating. Izinto eziphucula ukusila, zihlala phezu komhlaba wonke ubomi. Ingubo iqhutywe ngoncedo lwabaqambi. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukufumana i-microrelief. Ngenxa yoko, ioli igcinwe kangcono emkhatsini wecandelo, ngaloo ndlela iyanciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa.

Ukungafani kwindlela yokwakha "iphenonti" ephephile "yePraora"

Ngoko ke, bezvtykovye pistons kwi "Prior" ukusuka rhoqo ngokungafaniyo. Oku kunene ikopi ecacileyo yepiston efanelekileyo kwiinjini ezivela kuAvtoVAZ. Kodwa phezulu kwesibuko semveli kukho - endaweni yaso kukho iisampuli ezijule. Oku kwenza ukuba kunokwenzeka ukukhusela iinxalenye zexesha kunye neepistoni ngokwazo xa zidibanisa iiplavines. Ubukhulu kunye nazo zonke iiparitha zihambelana ngokupheleleyo neempawu zeendawo eziqhelekileyo.

Kutheni ufake ii-piston ezingekho ngamanzi?

Kwimoto nganye ngumntu ngamnye. Ukuba uhambelana ngokupheleleyo nemimiselo yokugcina injini yomenzi, fakela ubunconywayo okanye ubuncinane ubuncwane beempahla kunye neemveliso, ngoko imoto iya kusebenza ixesha elide kwaye ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye zonke iindlela kunye neeyunithi ziya kusebenza kwiimodesi zazo eziqhelekileyo.

Kodwa wonke umntu ufuna ukugcina imali okanye ukwenza i-car tuning, kwaye apha kukho imininzi yemibuzo. Ukuba uyasindisa ngexabiso lexesha (kwaye le bhanti kunye ne-rollers kuyo), ukuthenga iinkcukacha ngokuzenzekelayo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba iingithuba zokutshintshwa kwazo ziya kuwa, kunye nexabiso. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umgangatho kwiimishini zeAvvavaz, ibhande kufuneka liguqulwe emva kweekhilomitha ezingama-30 ukuya kuma-50 zamawaka, ngoko kwizinto ezincinci ezingekho phantsi kwamanye amazwe, ezingaqhelekanga ngaphezu kwe-5-10,000 km. Ezinye iingcali zokucwangcisa zizama ukuthatha yonke into kwi-injini kwaye ingaphezulu kunokuba ingayinika. Ngokuqhelekileyo ii-motors zixhotyiswe nge-compressors. Nangona kunjalo, ininzi yeengxenye kunye neengxenye kwinjini ayilungiselelwe imithwalo enjalo. Injini ayikwazi ukusebenza ixesha elide kwi-7-9,000 revolutions. Ayilungiselelwe lo msebenzi kunye nexesha lokusebenzisa ixesha - unxibelelwano olubuthakathaka luhlala luyonakele. Yaye le ibhanti. Yaye yintoni omele uyenze xa ufuna ukugcina imali kwaye ungahambi ngokukhawuleza? Kuyakwazi ukuphuma kule meko ngokufaka i-bezvtykovye pistons kwi "Prior".

Iinzuzo zokufaka iindlela ezikhuselekileyo

Ngaphandle kwabanamatshini abanamava bayazi ukuba inkqubo ye-bezvtykovyh pistons iya kukhuselwa ngakumbi. Nangona ibhanti iphula, i-camshaft ephezulu iphela. I-piston ihamba ukusuka ngezantsi ngenxa yezenzo ze-crankshaft. Ukuba akukho-piston piston efakwe kwi-Prioru, akuyi kubakho intlekele. IiValves ziza kungena kwiingingqi kwaye zingaguquki. Nangona ibhanti ichithwe, imoto inokuthunyelwa kwisikhululo senkonzo. Oku kunenzuzo enkulu.

Iingxaki

Kwinkqubo yokudala iindidi ze "AvtoVAZ" zemizekelo ye-wheel-wheel drive, abaqulunqi kunye neenjiniya baqala ukudala iipiston ezifanayo. "I-priora" engenamathanga e-stick ayesivele evela kumveliso (kwiinguqulelo zangaphambili). Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwiinjini zeVAZ zentsapho yeshumi. Oku bekubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti esikhundleni sekholeji. Ukuba i-piston iyancitshiswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka, i-motor ithola enye iipesenti ezi-5-7 zamandla, oku kuninzi. Ukutshintshwa kweepistoni "kwi-Priora" yombono ongekho umthamo awuyi kwandisa. Oku kuya kukhusela kuphela ukulungiswa okubizayo. Ukwenza i-groove, kuyimfuneko ukuba umphezulu ukhulule ngokwaneleyo. I-piston yenziwa nzima, ethatha amandla. I-duct nayo inefuthe elingenakunelisayo kwixinzelelo lomxube onokutsha. Oku kuyachaphazela amandla. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ufaka iinkcukacha ezinjalo kwimoto, imoto ilahlekelwa ngu-5-7% yamandla. Injini yeekitha ezingama-150. . Le 10.5 ilitha. S, ebaluleke kakhulu. Yiloo nto abaye bafakela i-piston engekho yentambo sele befake kwi-"Priora" imoto yabo. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba, ukongezelela ekunciphiseni amandla, ukusetyenziswa kombane kuye kwanda. Ukwanda kwenkunkuma ngenxa yokusabalalisa isisindo esingalinganiyo.

Abakhiqizi bePiston be "Priora"

Ngoko, umnini wemoto wagqiba kwelokuzikhusela waza wacinga ngokufaka ii-piston ezikhuselekile. Makhe sijonge oko kufumaneka kwimarike yee-piston ezingenamathela kwi-Prioru, ezilungele ukuthenga nokufaka.

STI, Togliatti

Ezi mveliso zenziwe kwi-Togliatti zisebenzisa iteknoloji yokunyusa. Ukuqwalasela ukuphononongwa kwalabo abaye bawaxhobisa ngeenjini, iinkcukacha ziyanciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kunye ne-injini yamandla. Oku kunokuchazwa ngoxinzelelo lwe-compression low kunye nobukhulu obukhulu beesilinda. Iisampuli zeepavini zinzulu kakhulu. Umxholo ophantsi we-silicon we-alloy awunathonya iimpawu zamandla ngendlela engcono. Umxholo omncinane we-nickel unciphisa uvimba. Ngelo xesha, ama- piston aqingqiweyo avela kwi-STI anendleko ephezulu.

STC

Iipiston "Priora" i-STK engabonakaliyo ivelisa eSamara. Iimpawu zale mveliso ayifani ngokuhlukileyo kwiipistoni eziqhelekileyo. Iisampulu zincinci. Abanikazi abanakho ukukhathazeka ngemiphumo yokuqhawula ibhanti ngexesha. Kwimiphumo engabonakaliyo inokuqatshelwa ubunzima obuphezulu. Oku kuchaphazela ukuguqulwa kwezinto ezingaphezulu kwezinto. Kodwa iindleko ezaneleyo yinto ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha.

Isiphelo

Ngaloo ndlela, kubonakala ukuba iipiston ezikhuselekileyo zinemivuzo eninzi. Ezi nzuzo zingenakunyulwa. Wonke umnikazi wemoto wale modeli kufuneka afake iipiston ezingenakuphikelela kwi-"Preor". Oko kukhetha kuxhomekeke kwiinjongo kunye neenjongo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuthembeka kwaye kungenangqiqo, ngoko yi-STK okanye i-Ukrainian "Avtramat". Nangona kunjalo, isityalo eKharkov siyeka ukuveliswa kwemveliso, kwaye zonke izitokiselwano zithengiswa. I-STE yemali yabo ayifanelekanga, phawula ukuhlolwa.