Ingqondo: intsingiselo yegama kunye namacandelo ayo

Apha uya kufumana ulwazi malunga nesimo sengqondo esona sikhulu. Injongo yegama, imiqathango eyahlukeneyo kunye nezinye ezininzi - kweli nqaku.

I ntsi ngiselo

Ngoku siza kuthetha ngeliphi igama elithi "ingqondo" lithetha. Intsingiselo yelizwi lithetha ngokukhawuleza. Le yindlela abantu abayibona ngayo ihlabathi elibajikelezile. Indlela yokuziphatha yindlela yokucinga, umfanekiso wayo kunye nendlela yokubonakalisa kwindlela yokujonga ngayo, umxholo othile wokomoya wesihloko okanye iqela.

Nangona ukuba le ngcamango inentsingiselo ebanzi kakhulu, ngexesha elifanayo "lingacacisekanga", kucacile kumlinganiselo omncinci. Isici esicacileyo kukuba ngaphandle kokuba umntu akwazi ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo ngengqondo, ehambelana nesimo esithile.

Ngaba izazinzulu zenza njani iimpawu zomntu njengengqondo? Intsingiselo yegama kwifilosofi inokuphathwa njengento ehambelana nengqondo yomntu kuzo zonke iindidi zemiba yokusebenza, ezi ziindlela zokubona ihlabathi, iimpawu zeememori, iimfuno ezifunwayo, ububanzi beengcamango, iimvakalelo ezahlukahlukeneyo, njl. Kodwa ngaphaya kwezi zinto, iingqondo zithinta iingongoma zomxholo wokuqonda, ingqiqo .

Ukuziphatha kuchaphazela nemimandla emininzi yezikhundla zobomi kunye nokufumana inkcazelo eyahlukileyo. Umntu wengqondo ngumntu womntu, kubandakanywa bobabini abaqaphelayo kunye nabangenalwazi. Le ngqiqo inokuchazwa njengento yokwakhiwa kwengqondo, ingqiqo, kwaye ingachazwa njengendlela yesimo sengqondo sengqondo kunye noluntu, iindlela zokuhlalutya nokuqonda ulwazi oluthole kwinkqubo yokucinga okanye ukuvakalelwa.

Uhlalutyo lwengqondo "yengqondo"

Intsingiselo yelizwi ngelizwi elibanzi kufuneka ithathwe njengengcamango enzima echaphazela iinkalo ezininzi zobomi bomntu bomntu, eli gama ngokwayo linomlingani obunzima. Oku kubangelwe kukuba inqaku alibhekiseli kuphela kwizayensi zembali kunye ne-anthropological, kodwa ixhomekeka ngokungenakuqhathaniswa nefilosofi. Kuthetha ukuthini "ngengqondo" - unokungadibanisa ixesha elide. Ixhomekeka kakhulu kwimithombo yolwazi oyilungisayo, kodwa apho uphendukela khona, kuyaqhelekileyo kuzo zonke izibonelelo ezibonisa eli gama.

Iimpawu zengqondo ziye zaphuhliswa ngokukodwa kwimimandla yokomoya, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, isici saso sinokokukhanyela nokuhamba ukusuka ekuphambili kwentlalo yophuhliso kwinkcubeko yaseYurophu. Kunoko, ingqwalasela ijolise ekuzinzeni kobuqu bomntu, obangela umntu kumnqweno wokudibanisa kwimimandla yoluntu kunye noluntu. Ukuqhubela phambili kule nto, kunokwenzeka ukutshintshela ingqondo "ingqondo" ngokuhlukileyo. Injongo yelizwi ngoku ingabonwa njengendlela yokuhlalutya nokutolika ulwazi lomntu wobuntu.

Ukuchaswa kwengqondo

Kuthetha ukuthini "ngengqondo" kwinqanaba leembono zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuchaswa kwehlabathi kunye nantoni na? Ukuphendula lo mbuzo, ngowokuqala kukho konke okuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba iindlela zokuzikhusela iimfuno zomntu, ezizodwa zenkcubeko kunye nezendalo, ezinemibala enemizwelo kunye nokulinganisa, ezikhethekileyo kwiqela kunye nokuba nomntu ngamnye, zinyamalale xa zifika kwingqondo. Isakhiwo salo gama sichitha nje ukuphikisana kwangaphakathi naphandle phakathi kwezi ndlela zokuziqonda ihlabathi ngokwakho. Xa uxoxa ngale ngqiqo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kule meko ayinandaba nokuba zeziphi izichasi ezikhankanywe ngasentla zifumana idatha malunga nehlabathi elijikelezile.

Ingqiqo, ingqiqo kunye nengqiqo yohlobo oluhlangeneyo

Kuthetha ukuthini ingqondo yengqondo kwaye ngokucacileyo kuthetha? Ezi zimbini zekota zaziswa nguLevi-Bruhl emsebenzini wakhe "UkuCamngca okuPhambili". Ingqiqo kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zintlobo zezindlela zokugxininisa umahluko kwimilinganiselo yokucinga yezizwe zaseAfrika naseAustralia, ngokusekelwe kwimithetho yendalo ethatha inxaxheba, equka imithetho yokuchasana ngokuchanekileyo kunye nomfanekiso wokucinga ngendlela engqiqo eYurophu, kunye nezithethe zayo.

Elinye iqela lenkqutyana yimbono yengqondo ehlanganisiweyo eyenziwe nguJoe Lefebvre. Ukongeza kwentsingiselo yengqondo yeli gama kusekelwe kwisidingo sokuchazela izenzo zendalo ethile, uphawu lweqela lonke labantu. Inkcazo isekelwe ekuhlolisweni kweengxaki zentshutshiso ngobuninzi babantu.

Indawo yengqondo

Ukuhlalutya ixesha, kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ngesithuba sayo esinye sendawo. Yisisbonelelo esiqinisekisa ukuba "ukuhlambulula" isifundo kwinkqubo yokuzimela. Kwaziswa le ngcamango kwingqondo ye-MB Turovsky.

Isizathu esiphezulu sokuvela kwendawo yengqondo yithuba lokudala ubuntu bomntu, ngokusekelwe kumsebenzi wenjongo yendalo, eyakhiwe phantsi kweemeko ezinqunywe ngamasiko ahlukeneyo, umzekelo, uMarxist. Kwixesha lokwenziwa komntu njengenxalenye yembali, uyazidala ngokwesiqulatho somntu ngamnye. Ngokutsho kweTurovsky, indawo yengqondo ilawulwa yimiyalelo ehambelana nomntu oyedwa, obangela ukuba uluntu luhambelane nayo yonke into ejikeleze isihloko.