Russia - lizwe likhulu ehlabathini. Isenokuba kuchazwe izithuba engaphele ndawo, njengoko Wasolula ngaphezu kwezigidi 17 square metres. km, nto leyo ebangela ukuba phantse i-12% ngaphantsi komhlaba.
Russia - namuhla amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye needipozithi osisityebi igesi, neoli kunye nezinye izimbiwa. Yiloo nto eyanceda ukuba athathe isikhundla akhokelayo phakathi kwamanye amazwe, phantse 100% kuxhomekeke amafutha zaveliswa. imizi Industrial of Russia (uluhlu luya kunikwa ngezantsi) lwenze isiseko sophuhliso loqoqosho. amaziko anjalo malunga 300. Baya ise eMpuma Ekude, i Urals, kwinxalenye esemantla eCaucasus. Ezinye imizi ibekwe kumbindi weRashiya.
ngezigaba
Ngoko ke, yintoni amaziko mveliso ezizodwa yaye abanye babo kakhulu-kakhulu? isixeko Industrial eRashiya lungahlulwa-hlulwa ibe ngamaqela eziliqela, sikhokelwa iimpawu ezithile:
- Iqela lokuqala ibandakanya amaziko ezazakhiwe ngexesha leSoviet. Emva ngokutsha kunye mveliso ziye babucala mazigqithiselwe nemigangatho emitsha. Ngokuqinisekileyo, lempucuko ifuna ixesha elininzi kunye nemali, kodwa ngoku imveliso ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yaseYurophu. Kweli qela izixeko 150, oko Surgut, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk et al.
- Iqela lesibini iquka maziko inxalenye ekuthiwa njalo-abathengi mveliso. Ikhokelwe kwiNgingqi eMoscow.
- Iqela lesithathu - amaziko zoshishino eRashiya. Cities babe indawo entle geographical, kodwa ngenxa yesizathu esithile ungekabikho niyigqibe maxesha. Ukuze ukubuyisela ngokupheleleyo iitalente zabo, kuyimfuneko ukumnika imali enkulu. Ukanti ezi izixeko nokuphuhlisa ngokuncama kwezinye iindawo, ezifana amazibuko ezinkulu, ukuthuthwa neenafu, kunye nokhenketho.
- Iqela wesine - ezintsha. Industry kwezi zixeko lisebenza ngeteknoloji entsha. Oku kungenziwa ngokuba isiseko karhulumente, nto leyo evumela ekuphuhliseni ngokupheleleyo.
- Iqela sesihlanu kuquka ezimbini sezixeko eziphambili Russia. EMoscow St Petersburg nempembelelo enkulu kwicandelo industrial weli lizwe.
Esiza kuxubusha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha imizi mveliso eRashiya. Uluhlu kwelona ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi.
Indawo yokuqala - Moscow
Ikomkhulu Russian Federation ine imali yonyaka ka-1.9 yezigidi zezigidi zezigidi engange. Apha, lamashishini olunjalo nobunjineli boomatshini, irhasi kunye nokusulungekiswa oyile. Kwakhona ekhula kakhulu ngokukhawuleza amayeza kunye nokutya mveliso. izityalo ezinkulu mveliso asebenza e Moscow, kukho inala iigaraji zokupaka, izitora ezahlukeneyo database, ubunjineli kunye namaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imali yeyona zokuthutha hub emikhulu, ochaphazela ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso kushishino kaloliwe, elishishina ngezithuthi kwaye eyama.
St. Petersburg - indawo yesibini kuluhlu
imali yaso yonyaka malunga 1.3 ezigidi engange. Igalelo ephambili senziwa ezi mveliso zilandelayo: intsimbi kunye intsimbi, iimveliso zokutya, isakhiwo umatshini, imikhumbi kunye nezinye eSt Petersburg uNkulunkulu uyakufanelekela usesikhundleni okhokelayo kuluhlu "kwizixeko ezinkulu mveliso eRashiya.". Kukho ezisebenza ngempumelelo neenkampani zehlabathi ezifana Nissan, Intel, Toyota. bonke avelise imveliso ezihlangabezana imigangatho yaseYurophu. ingqalelo eyodwa inikwe lweshishini lemichiza. Impumelelo kule ndawo wamzisa eRashiya kwinqanaba lehlabathi.
indawo yesithathu - Surgut
Ise entla lizwe, Surgut yenye kumaziko amakhulu kwimizi yaseRashiya. inzuzo yayo - ngaphezulu kwe-800 ezigidi engange. Ngenxa ke nezokukhupha igesi kunye oyile kunye nokulungiswa kwayo okwalandela, kwezoqoqosho kakuhle-ntle isixeko likhula ngokukhawuleza. Xa kuthelekiswa namaziko efanayo Surgut i yinkokheli egqibeleleyo. Phantse zonke iinkampani ezidweliswe kwi OJSC "Surgutneftegaz" imali eseleyo. Kukho kwakhona umbane ephuhliswe kakuhle.
Nizhnevartovsk eziphezulu ezintlanu
Le dolophu ibekwe kwi Urals. Ubutyebi ngingqi kubangelwa ikakhulu entsimini oyile inkulu. nalapha Ukukhupha negesi inkqubo, nto leyo ke zithunyelwa kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu. In zasentla imizi mveliso ka- Russia, aphucula intlalo-ntle lonke eli lizwe. Umzekelo, oku kwenza ukuba iyonke zengcebo Nizhnevartovsk phantse 500 billion, nto leyo evumela ukuba ahlale kuloo ndawo yesi-4 ngo-simo. Oyile negesi oluntsonkothileyo yonganyelwe NK "Rosneft", kukho ezifana amashishini amakhulu njenge "PNP", "ebhalelwe" kunye nabanye. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuphawula inkampani "RussNeft", eyasekwa ngenkxaso-mali ka iqela elikhulu Swiss Glencore.
indawo Fifth - eOmsk
Million emzini eOmsk liziko lolawulo. Okokuqala, lo ngowona hub yezothutho inkulu. inzuzo yayo iye yafika engange 400 billion. Kukho ukutya aphuhliswe kakuhle kunye noshishino ukukhanya, aerospace, imichiza, kunye petroleum nokusulungekiswa. Edreyi lweshishini ezona "Gazprom" propati. Nokuba ngexesha leMfazwe Patriotic Enkulu apha babalekiswa iifektri ngobukhulu, ishishini engundoqo iyileyo - engineering kunye noshishino petrochemical.
indawo lesithandathu - Perm
Ezahlukeneyo Perm imboni ebalulekileyo ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso loqoqosho lweli lizwe. imali yonyaka into engange 350 billion. Ikakhulu uphuhliso enzima kushishino: iinkuni processing, ubunjineli, irhasi kunye namafutha. negalelo elibonakalayo senziwa, kunye namashishini ezifana imichiza, amandla ombane, kwakunye nokutya kunye noshicilelo. Umvuzo avareji kwingingqi Perm ngo-2013 yaba phantse-25 amawaka. Engange. Ngesi Perm wajoyina uluhlu "kwizixeko ezinkulu woshishino Russia", kunye namanani aphezulu kakhulu.
Le elikomkhulu Republic of Bashkortostan - Ufa
Indawo wesixhenxe simo imizi mveliso Russian kuthatha Ufa. On nommandla wayo kukho xi enkulu lwamashishini ezahlukeneyo. Amacandelo ebaluleke kakhulu iinkuni kunye zenkcenkce, yokucokisa ioli, ubunjineli ngoomatshini. Kwakhona indima ebalulekileyo kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho edlala izityalo wamandla oshushu. Apha, ulwakhiwo amandla enyukliya yaqalwa, kodwa wayeka wonke umsebenzi emva kwengozi eChernobyl. Okwangoku, ngokutsho inkqubo federal, ulwakhiwo zesityalo samandla senyukliya nangoku izicwangciso.
indawo lesi - Norilsk
Uqhekekile umzi yomntla Norilsk ibekwe kwi Krasnoyarsk Territory. Inani labemi kukho malunga namawaka 150. Man. iimeko zokuphila zintsonkothe kakhulu ikakhulu ngenxa iimeko zemozulu. Uninzi emigodini nakumashishini metallurgical kunye noshishino zesinyithi non-ayoni. Ingaba kwindawo yesibhozo simo 'imizi emikhulu woshishino Russia ", Norilsk kukho imali engange ezigidi-300. Isambuku ingeniso zemigodi igolide, mbala, platinum kunye nezinye amatye anqabileyo.
indawo yesithoba - eChelyabinsk
Esi sixeko kuphela eRashiya kunye udweliso olutsha karhulumente. EChelyabinsk ukwakweli kumathambeka lwempuma yeso phambene Iintaba. Oku kunika umdla kakhulu liziko enkulu kunye imali engange ezigidi-300. Kuzo zonke imveliso phantse-50% zentsimbi kunye ngentsimbi. Kananjalo kubalulekile ukuba siqaphele, kunye namashishini ezifana isixhobo, ukwenza iintsimbi, ubunjineli ngoomatshini. kushishino Good apha iphuhliswe ukukhanya. imizi Industrial eRashiya, eChelyabinsk ngokukodwa, baziwa ngokuba aluminium ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Kulapha uninzi esikrwada ukuqhubekekiswa, yimiqolo eyenziweyo, imibhobho, kwakunye iitrektara, milenge, forklifts.
Ugqibezela top ezilishumi Novokuznetsk
Ifunyanwa Novokuznetsk e West eSiberia. Umthamo wemali mveliso lelona 260 billion engange. Kubhaliwe aphuhliswe kakuhle kushishino amalahle, leyo yenye enkulu elizweni. Kwakhona indima enkulu kuqoqosho wadlala yokunyibilikisa isinyithi kunye ngensimbi. Nazi amashishini ngokwaneleyo zinzima benza energetics. Kwi sixeko mveliso ngaphezu kwama-50, evumela ukuba ahlale kwindawo yeshumi kwi top 10 "Uninzi izixeko ezikhulu mveliso yaseRashiya." Ngelishwa, ukususela ngo-2013, liye ezinkulu ntlanga kwezinye amashishini apho.