IMVELAPHI utshintsho of Peter 1 znaechnie

IMVELAPHI utshintsho of Peter 1 - umbuzo ezintsonkothileyo. Abaphengululi baye bahlanganisa zombini izizathu njengenjongo luluvo ukuba imfuno yenguqu kurhulumente. Ngezantsi siya kuzama ukuveza lo mba kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ukuba uzama ukuchaza imvelaphi utshintsho uPetros 1 ngokufutshane, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwahlula abo ezimbini eziphambili: nje umntu ukumkani, ngubani ikwazile ukuba bakhokele kwilizwe enkulu kunye backwardness injongo yoBukhosi Russian ukusuka ithi aseYurophu.

Ukuqala kobukumkani

Ukuqala kobukumkani uPeter Omkhulu kwaba nzima kakhulu - ixesha longquzulwano phakathi alwayo mabini zentendelezo. Iqela lokuqala saye safakwa boiars MILOSLAVSKAYA, kwaye eyesibini - Naryshkins. Eyokuqala isalamane yomfazi yokuqala Alexei Mikhailovich, kwaye eyesibini - unina uPetros Omkhulu. Emva kokufa Tsar Alexis ngo-1682 ibamba kuPetros abaselula Ivan waba Sophia, yaye nodade wabo omdala. Xa uPetros ubudala, Nozipho wazama ukususa kuye ngamandla, esebenzisa yabatoli. Kodwa ke iinzame aluphumelelanga. Waphetha kwi Novodevichy Convent, nabo bonke wakhe omkhulu babulawa okanye elubhacweni. Ukususela ngoko, iRussia laqalisa kwindlela utshintsho lokwenene kunye nenguquko.

Imifuziselo lokuqala yokuvuselelwa

Ababhali-mbali bayavuma ukuba yaphambi iinguqulelo kaPetros 1, kuye kwaba kudala ngaphambi kokuba ukunyukela kwetrone. uyise nomkhulu bakwazi ukoyisa ingxaki yezentlalo noqoqosho kakhulu kweli lizwe, zibangelwa iziganeko the Time Iingxaki.

Ukongezelela koko, baye ukuthambekela Europeanization of Russia apho. Kule meko ke utshintsho oluyimfuneko ezinkulu guqula. The main indlela - ubulunga nkqubo eRashiya angaphandle, ukugxininiswa yorhwebo, ukuguqula inkqubo yerhafu, akulula xa uqeqeshelwa ukuba avelise imveliso usebenzisa abasebenzi eqeshiweyo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko asimele silibale ukuba le mfundiso igunya elongamileyo ekugqibeleni wenza kunokwenzeka utshintshwano yaziswa ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe Peter 1 Ngelo xesha, kukho kuye kwafika kubo bonke, igama elithi "nguzwilakhe", ibhangayo Zemsky Sobor, kukho lonke amandla . Kwakhona, akukho ixabiso Eyokugqibela ukuyilwa womthetho, ziqhelekile kurhulumente lonke. Kakade ke, phakathi ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala engundoqo Imizamo kakumkani kufuneka iqaphele ngokuhlanganisa nemikhosi exhobileyo. Wadala komele yabo babizwa ngokuba "umyalelo omtsha", kwatshintsha umyalelo iseti ezishelifini kunye nezixhobo zabo.

Ukongeza, umsebenzi kwenzeka ezithile ngokwezinga oluntu Russian phantsi kwempembelelo zingene imo amaxabiso Koloni. Impembelelo ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala kunye ikhondo Ushintsho uPetros 1 Nikon ezintsha. Kuluntu kwabonakala flow yesizwe-emithethweni nasentshona.

Russia xa kuthelekiswa ne-Europe phambi Ushintsho

Phambi kokuba utshintsho eRashiya ngokuchasene nentsukaphi yamazwe aseYurophu wakhangela ngasemva. Kwaye lo backwardness kwaba ekugcineni yingozi inkululeko yabantu Russian. UPetros waqonda oku yaye ngokucacileyo wabona ukuba xa siqhubeka, ngoko iRussia bonke ubutyebi bayo, kungekudala uya kuba ekrwada izinto umhlehlo ezinye lwamandla yamagunya yaseYurophu. Ngokutsho isakhiwo imboni ubukhulu becala bondage, umthamo yemveliso kakhulu nganto isalathisi efanayo kumazwe Western aseYurophu.

Loo mkhosi yayiquka athathwe abangaqeqeshelwanga boyar kunye sama eyindinisa nako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zikarhulumente. Ukongeza, ezi zithuthi kuBukhosi Russian wayengekho ngenxa ukungabikho kofikelelo kwi elwandle. Le ingxaki ekufuneka isonjululwe 1 Petros.

ikhondo Russian yophuhliso ngenkulungwane ye-17

Umgaqo-nkqubo angaphandle of Russia ngenkulungwane ye-17 - yenye ndawo le nguqulelo Petrine. kwafuneka ukuba yokusombulula iingxaki ezintathu: ukubuyiswa komhlaba elichithwe Ixesha Iingxaki, ukubonelela ukufikelela kwi kuLwandle eBaltic nokukhusela kumda osemazantsi. Kakade ke, ezi ngxaki igqitywa kamva ngenkulungwane ye-18, kodwa inkqubela iye buqapheleke. Ngokomzekelo, kumazwe angabamelwane sibonile ukuba amandla Russian wamajoni ukuba esinamandla. Russia kuphela iinguqu athathe indawo yalo efanelekileyo kwibala neAfrika phakathi kwamazwe empuma nasentshona. ngumba Ngoko ke, thina ngokufutshane ingqalelo utshintsho uPetros 1. Uluhlu sikuvumela ukuba ubone yonke picture.