Imifanekiso emfutshane kaMikhail Vrubel, imizobo

"Baphi abaculi?" A. UClk wacinga. Ngaba ivela kwiintlekele zamandulo? Yisayinwa esithwalayo? I-biography kaMikhail Vrubel iyaphendula: itywina yexesha elibi kunye nobudenge. Umculi wayenelungelo elihle. Wayephantsi kwepeyinti enkulu, ukudweba i- easel, imifanekiso, imifanekiso yezakhiwo, umfanekiso. Yayibukeka njani uMikhail Vrubel? Ifoto ye-1897 ibonisa oko.

Umvelaphi

Ukuzalwa kweVrubel kuyamangalisa. Ichaphazela ukuhlukahluka kohlanga. Kwaxutywa amaRashiya, amaTatars, amaFomns, amasiko asePrussia ePoland naseWarsaw Poles. Ezi mixube eziyinkimbinkimbi ziya kuba nefuthe lobomi bomculi. I-biographie kaMikhail Vrubel kunye nokubonga kule nto kuya kuba nzima kakhulu. Ubumnene bomphefumlo, ukucinga ngokucacileyo - kuye kwavela kunina, eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala, owafa ngesifo sofuba. Ukungathinteki, ukunyaniseka, izenzo ezingalindelekanga kunye nokunyamezela, xa kwakunzima ukubamba iingxaki zobomi, kuvela kubabawo. Wayekho kwaye wayebukeka ngathi: iinwele ezinqambileyo, impumlo eqondekileyo. Kwaye amehlo omama ayemnyama.

Ubuntwana

Yayinomntwana omhle, ovuyayo, onomdla. Uqulunqe imidlalo e sekelwe kwiintlanga zeRed Reed kunye neFenimore Cooper kwaye zibandakanya kwaye zihlangene wonke umntu ojikelezile. Kodwa ngelo xesha wayekwazi ukuhlala iiyure, ukufunda nokujonga imizekeliso kunye nokuveliswa kwepeyinti. UMisha wazalwa e-Omsk ngo-1856. Kodwa inkonzo kayise yayibanjwe ekudluleleni. Bahlala e-Astrakhan naseKharkov. Wahlala apho kwakhona, kwaye umfazi wakhe wazinika ixesha elide kubantwana abasuka kumtshato wokuqala. Wayengazange abe naye.

E-Saratov, esinye isixeko apho uVrubeli ahlala khona, bazisa ikopi ye "Yomgwebo Wokugqibela" nguMichelangelo. Kwaye kwaqala okokuqala imemori ebonwayo kaMichael yaboniswa. Wayekhumbula isikhumbuzo kunye nazo zonke iinkcukacha. Ngalesi sikhathi wayesele esethatha izifundo. Intsapho yayinkulu kwaye ihluphekile. UBawo uMichael akazange enze umsebenzi, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba wayevela kwiinduna ezihluphekileyo kwaye wayengumKatolika. Kodwa ngenxa yabantwana, abazali bazama ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze bakwazi ukulandela amakhono abo kunye nezenzo zokuzilibazisa.

Ngoko ngokukhawuleza kwakhiwa ebuntwaneni, i-biography kaMikhail Vrubel. Ukuxhalabisa kunye nobunzima, ubomi obuhambayo kunye nobunzima, ubuhlwempu - konke kuza kamva, ngokuqala ngobomi obuzimeleyo.

Kwi-Academy

Emva kokugqitywa kwi-Odessa Gymnasium, apho wayefundisisa khona iincwadi, imbali, isiJamani, isiFrentshi kunye nesiLatini, kwaye kwiYunivesithi yeSt. Petersburg, ngo-1880 iVrubel yangena kwi-Academy of Arts. Ngoku ubomi obuya kubakho uMichael Vrubel, i-biography yakhe iya kuhlanganiswa ngonaphakade. Uqala ukuba nomdla kwizinto ezibuhlungu, jikelele kunye nefilosofi.

Umsebenzi wakhe othi "uHamlet no-Ophelia" (1884, RM) ayikho ngengozi. Uyathandwa ngabantu abanobuqili novukelo. Mgxeke uValentin Serov kunye nomzala wakhe. Umbala wexesha, kodwa i-cobalt idlala nawo onke ama-shadow. Umfanekiso wahlala ungapheli, kuba kwenzeka njalo. Umculi ongazange agqibe i-Academy umenyiwe ukuba asebenze eKiev. Umdwebi uMikhail Vrubel, ongu-biography oguquka ngokukhawuleza, uya kubonisa apho inxalenye yakhe engaziwayo yetalente njengenkosi yemifanekiso ebonakalayo.

EKiev, eItali naseKiev

Ngophakamiso lobugcisa bomgxeko A. Prahov usebenza ngenkuthalo, ukudweba iCathhedral yaseSt. Cyril ngeefrescoes. Wadala ezine iziqalo zangaphambili endaweni yezinto ezilahlekileyo ezibuyiselweyo ezibuyiselweyo ezingama-150, eziye zabuyela kwikhulu le-12. Iminyaka emihlanu echithwe ekukhangekeni nasekusebenzeni, ihlawulwe kakhulu. Kodwa umgxeki wobugcisa, ukuze aphelise umnqweno womculi omtsha ngumfazi wakhe, uthumele iVrubel eRavenna.

Uninzi lwazo zonke alukhange lukhange nge-flowering of the Renaissance, kodwa ngobugcisa bokuqala kunye ne-Gothic kunye negalazi enebala. Ngokukratshi uyithatha iiplastiki kunye nezigqibo zemibala yamaTaliyane, ukuba ngokukhunjulwa kwakhe okubonakalayo, okubonakalayo ebuntwaneni bakhe, akunzima kuye.

Isiphumo siya kuba xa ubuyela e-Kiev zobuciko - imifanekiso ye-watercolor yemifanekiso yeCathedral yaseVladimir (1887). Abazange bamkelwe ngenxa yokuba behluke kunye nomxholo kunye nesithethe semifanekiso kwiCawa yamaOthodoki. Kwi "Gravestone", echazwe ngasentla, uvavanyo olunzulu lwentlungu yokubeleka lunokulandelwa. Kulo, intlungu kaMariya, ukunyamezeleka kwakhe, nothando olungenakulinganiswa, lubonakaliswe kangako kunokwenzeka. Watsho, wamjonga amehlo akhe, ezele iinyembezi, kwindodana yakhe. Ukulula kwamanqaku ombala kunye ne-laconism yokubunjwa kubonisa ubunzulu nobukhulu bokulila. Kule mi sebenzi, ukuvisisana kwexesha elidlulileyo kunye nokubonakalisa iimvakalelo zomntu wanamhlanje zahlanganiswa.

EMoscow (1890-1902)

E-Kiev, wayephathiswe kude nomsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu. Umvuzo ongekho rhoqo wayenayo, kwaye i-Vrubel ishiya i-Moscou, ngethuba elifutshane, ukuhlangana nabahlobo. Uya kuhlala apha ixesha elide. Yaye le nto iya kuba yithuba eliqhamo kwaye eliqaqambileyo ekudaleni, uMikhail Vrubel engazange azi. I-Biography yakhe iya kubhala umntu oqhelana naye noKonstantin Korovin no-Savva Mamontov.

IDemon noTamara

Ngalesi sikhathi ukuqokelela imisebenzi kwimimiselo emibili ipapashwe kwintlokoma yeLermontov. Akwaziwa, kodwa iVrubel esithakazelisayo iyalelwa ukuba ibonise "iDemon". Kuye ngokwakhe, umculi sele sele ejongene nesi sihloko, kodwa akazange akwaneliswe yiphumo. Ngokukhawuleza wenza iimifanekiso ezimnyama ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ezingama-30 kwi-watercolor. Bakha ngokucacileyo. UTamara udibanisa izulu nomhlaba kunye naye.

Iipaneli zokuhlobisa kunye neminye imisebenzi

Ngowe-1894, uVrubel ufumana imiyalelo yokudala iipaneli zokuhlobisa. "I-Venice" yidolophu ephakathi, iphila ngokuzeleyo, kunye ne "Spain" ephefumlelwe i-opera "uCarmen". Kwisondelelo kuye kuye kwinqanawa "I-Fortune-Teller" (1895).

Umzobo ubonisa i-ace of spades ngaphambili. Indlela evezwe ngayo ithetha izenzo ezilungileyo kunye neemvakalelo ezifanayo. Iinduliso ezazingumlobi, akazange akhohliswe. Uthando nethemba kuye kwafika kuye. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa uya kutshata uNadezhda Ivanovna Zabela. Ngoko i-biography kaMikhail Vrubel iya kuhlaziywa. Oku kuya kwenzeka ngo-1896. Kwaye kunye nomculi ebomini bakhe ngumculo. Umculi ugcwele amandla. Udala.

UMikhail Vrubel: imizobo ngamagama

Kule minyaka (ukususela ngo-1896 ukuya ku-1902) ihlabathi elitsha ladalwa-ihlabathi leVrubel. Uya kubhala uchungechunge lweempawu ezimangalisayo - "S. I. Mamontov "," K. D.Artsibusheva "," Princess of Dreams "kunye ne" Mikula Selyaninovich "," Lilac "," Morning "," Pan "," Swan Princess "," Bogatyr "," iDemon ehambahambayo "," iDemon yatshatyalaliswa "," Umzobo wonyana ", i-suite ye-portraits yomfazi wakhe. Usebenza ngokunyanisekileyo, engazisoli, iiyure ezili-14 ngosuku. Kwafika ukugula.

Ukungathobeli (1903-1910)

Izifo zengqondo ngenxa yokuba abo bajikelezileyo abayiqondi, bajonge ngoloyiko okanye bahlekisiwe, basoloko benzima umguli kunye nabathandekayo bakhe. Kodwa ezi zifo eziqhelekileyo, njengesisu okanye isifo senhliziyo, kodwa wonke umntu olapha apha uyaziqonda zonke izinto, kwaye zizele uvelwano. Akunjalo ngoxinzelelo kunye ne-clouding of consciousness. Kwaye kuba buhlungu kangakanani ukufunda ngesifo sikaVrubel ngoku, xa kukho uluhlu olubanzi lwezilwanyana ezinokubangela ukuba avele kwisifo esiqhubekayo.

Ubuncinane ixesha elide liyeke kwiqela labantu abanempilo. Emva koko wahamba waza walahlekelwa kunye nabo. Nangona kunjalo, wazama ukubhala okufutshane. Nanku i-rose kwiglasi, nantsi umfanekiso weBrousov, apho umbongi ngokwakhe wayefuna ukufana.

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu

Eli lixesha lokugqibela xa umculi waba yimfama. Iminyaka emine uya kuyichitha ebumnyameni obugqibeleleyo, xa iingcamango ziguqulwa entloko kwaye azikwazi ukutshintshwa kwinqwelo. Kukho enye kuphela into eseleyo: ukuphula umculo, ilizwi lokuthabatha umfazi wakhe, ukuphulaphula indlela afundwa ngayo iincwadi. Kodwa wayekho kwelinye ihlabathi, ihlabathi leendawo zokuhlala, apho ayeye khona ngezinye izikhathi. Ngaphambi kokuba afe, wabuyela ehlabathini lethu, wahlamba, njengoko wayemthanda, ngokwakhe nge-cologne. Kwasa kusasa wahamba. Kwakukho ngo-1910.

Umongameli, uMikhail Vrubel, owayengaqondwa ngabantu abaphila ngexesha lakhe wayehamba ngokuthula kwaye engahambisani. I-biography kunye nobuqili kwakuyiqhankqalazo ngokumelene nobubi, buzaliswe ngayo yonke inzondelelo yemvelo yakhe. Kwiimpawu zakhe ezimbi wayenokukhanya kunye nobuhle. Umzabalazo phakathi kwemigaqo emibini ephikisanayo-ukukhanya nobumnyama - ngumxholo wemisebenzi yakhe. Vimbela uthetha engcwabeni lakhe ukuba uVrubel washiya iidemon zakhe kubo bonke "njengabapelcasters ngokubhekiselele ebubini obubomvu."