Imbali kunye nonyaka ka Kazan

Ngomhla icebiso apho nomkhafuli, i Bulgars kwafuneka ukuba ithwale VAT elikhulu yamanzi, kuloo ndawo apho amanzi yamathumba, kuyimfuneko ukwakha isixeko. Kwaye ummangaliso Kwathi phezu kolwandle Kleban. Yaba sisiqalo kokuzalwa Kazan Khanate.

Njani ukuba kwaqala

Esi sesinye nje amavo ezininzi ezintle angqonge base Kazan. Kukho Iinguqulelo, yaba lukakayi, malunga elizinikele, leyo wabetha ngumthombo ngokungummangaliso, kunye nenamba umlilo-ukuphefumla eyoyikekayo, nto leyo usoloko kuboniswe ingubo lwesizwe kangangeenkulungwane, kunye namanye amabali amaninzi umdla.

Unyaka ngqo loseko Kazan, ngelishwa, ngokuba kude kungabikho okwaziyo. Sisihlandlo sokuqala wayo yemihla Russian asusela kwiminyaka 1376 no 1391, yaye oovimba kwimpuma - ngenkulungwane ye-15. Sokuma Rachkov wayecinga ukuba Kazan yasekwa emva kokufa Batu ngo-1255.

Kodwa igosa uthathwa ixesha eyahlukileyo, xa bomhlaba Kazan. Umhla ka-1005 ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ngabembi kwi Kazan yesicelo.

Kangangexesha elide, nto leyo wakhiweyo inqaba emdeni iVolga Bulgaria, Kazan yaba yinxalenye Golden mkhosi. Eli xesha lokukhula yayo kwezoqoqosho. Ngenxa kwindawo yayo geographical kunye nophuhliso iintlobo ezininzi yezandla zasekwa urhwebo kunye nobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kunye eTurkey, eCrimea, eMoscow kunye nabanye.

A ixesha elitsha

Ke kwabakho ixesha lobudlelwane kakuhle nzima ne eMoscow. Kwaye nangona olungayi kuphetshwa phakathi imizi unxulumano lobuchule, imfazwe.

Ngowe-1552, amajoni Ivana Groznogo wathabatha Kazan. ilahleko yabantu amaninzi kwi-Agasti emfazweni, yaye emva koko wathatha ngaphezu kwenyanga bawushiyile nasekuxinweni Kazan ithuba. Yayingunyaka inzima kwimbali mzi. Of Kazan, indlela yalo yokuphila ziye zahlaziywa ngokupheleleyo, yaye emva kokuwa esi sixeko ngo-Oktobha 1552 waqalisa inkqubo entsha yophuhliso lwedolophu sikarhulumente Russian.

Inani labemi wendawo ngaphandle komzi, kunye nendawo zokuhlala lawo laziwa ngokuba Old Tatar zokuhlala. I Kazan efanayo kakhulu kwez baqalisa ukuhlala abasuka kwizixeko Russian. Ngowe-1556, ngomhla ngokomyalelo Ivan IV waqala ukwakhiwa Kazan yesicelo. Esi sixeko akhiwa ngokwezoqoqosho. Kubonakele iilali ezininzi wezandla, iibhulorho zakhiwa, le mveliso yokuqala kumisa.

Ebudeni bolawulo uPetros Kazan lokuQala wafumana ubume ikomkhulu kwiphondo Kazan. Kwaye kuvulwe yeqonga esisigxina kunye Kazan University (Ngo1791 kwaye 1804) balinqabisa isihloko beziko lenkcubeko obunzululwazi kweli lizwe.

Kodwa kwakukho e Kazan kunye neziganeko ezibuhlungu. Umlilo ngexesha Pugachev uphakamo nomlilo kwayo 1815 no 1842 ezintathu amaxesha Bawutshisa umzi phantse emhlabeni.

izinto

Namhlanje Kazan ke kufanele, kucingelwa ukuba ikomkhulu yesithathu ka-Russia. Esi sixeko unique abavela sidibanisa kwiyantlukwano yeenkcubeko neenkolo.

Phezu kwe elide-emi kunyaka owaseka ezinjalo, Kazan ayikwazanga ukugcina ngenene ezikhumbuzo zembali.

Uninzi izakhiwo amandulo amaxwebhu zembali kwi kulawulo Kazan yatshatyalaliswa imililo ezininzi kunye neemfazwe entshabalalo, kunye izakhiwo eziphambili lomculo wezakhiwo imelwe izakhiwo-19 no-20.

Kodwa ke phezu kwalo umdla e Kazan eneneni kakhulu kunene.

• Islamic Museum (iwandlale ezikhumbuzo zakudala engamakhulu 10-11);
• Monument Kazan cat (sakhiwe ngokwemiyalelo uCatherine II);
• Temple zonke iinkonzo;
• UPetros noPawulos Cathedral (wakha imbeko umxhasi Petra Velikogo - uPetros noPawulos);
• Temple of the Cross;
• Azimov Mosque;
• House of Shamil;
• Ingqikelelo Holy Monastery Zilant;
• University Kazan;
• Al-Marjani (. Le lokukhonzela lokuqala ilitye awayakhayo Kazan emva kokuba kuthinjwe Ivanom Groznym imvume uCatherine II);
• iyadi yokuhlala Kazan (imi kwindawo a caravanserai ephakathi);
• Apake engama 1000th Kazan;
• I ewaka Usuku of Islam Mosque;
• Lake Blue;
• Temple of Face oyiNgcwele boMsindisi (ibekwe kwi sisiqithi Kazanka, wakha kwinkumbulo wamajoni Russian abafa ngexesha lokufakwa Kazan) , kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Kakade ke, lo indawo kubakhenkethi abaninzi batyelela kwi Kazan yesicelo. Esi sakhiwo iqukiwe kuluhlu sites UNESCO Heritage World.

Yasekwa ngonyaka ka-1556, kwaye ngoku isakhiwo okuphatha. Yeyona yokuhlala ka mongameli.

engama encomekayo

Ngowe-2005 waba ngeenxa kunye nomhla ebalulekileyo - zimakishwe imbali wemileniyam Kazan. Foundation yesixeko (umhla) esixekweni utsale abantu abaninzi. Kuphela ngamagosa abaye batyelela ikomkhulu Tatarstan imbeko isikhumbuzo, kwakukho 10 lamawaka. Ngomhla amanqanaba sixeko Ikonsathi zegala.

A track uhlanga entsha, zivulekile ukuba isikhumbuzo epakini Kazan Millennium, namnandi imithombo yeqonga zomculo. Kwakhona, abahlali baloo mzi ukuba isipho wamkelekile ngendlela yokuvulwa kwe-Kazan phantsi komhlaba. Ukugqitywa kubhiyozelwa a tysyachezalpovy nibingelela enkulu.

Ukhangela kwi nobungangamela yanamhlanje esixeko samandulo, kunzima ukucinga uya kuba yintoni na kunyaka 2000 Kazan.