Imali. Imisebenzi imali kurhwebo kwezoqoqosho

Kuluntu mihla, indima enkulu edlalwa imali. Imisebenzi imali, oko kukuthi, indima abasenzela iimeko rhwebo, zibalulekile. Science ichaza kubo ezintlanu kuphela.

Ithiyori classical zoqoqosho, imali owenza umsebenzi njengolwimi wotshintshiselwano, umlinganiselo yexabiso, ithetha intlawulo, kuthetha ubuncwane imfundo, imali ehlabathini. Ngamnye kubo, siya ukuchaza ngakumbi ngezantsi.

Ke imali. Imisebenzi imali njengenyathelo yexabiso emiselwe ubuchule babo babe ezilingana iindleko naziphi na iimpahla. Le ndima ifumana ukubonakaliswa kwayo ixabiso nayiphi na into okanye inkonzo. Ngenxa yoko, inani elithile amanqaku ekwafanekisa inyaniso yexabiso leempahla, iindleko zokuvelisa yayo. Le quantification zonke iinkqubo zoqoqosho. Ekubeni lo msebenzi imali kunxulumene enye komnotho - isikali ixabiso, nto leyo ithetha ubunzima elithile metal anqabileyo, esekwe ngokusemthethweni njengeyunithi lwemali karhulumente.

Njengoko njengolwimi imali abagunye uhlobo umlamleli kwi urhwebo inkqubo exchange kwempahla, ebonisa kwabo ixabiso exchange. Ukususela phakathi kwinkulungwane yokugqibela ukususela ejikelezayo uye imali igolide ngokupheleleyo. Baye indawo amanqaku iphepha kumazwe ahlukeneyo igama zabo kunye nenkangeleko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le amanqaku amaphepha kunye iingqekembe ezincinane yamahlelo ezahlukeneyo.

Njengendlela sentlawulo imali isetyenziswa. Imisebenzi imali kule ndima ziquka ukukwazi ukuhlawula onke amatyala (amatyala) phakathi ezikhoyo ezininzi kuqoqosho. Olu phawu isebenza ukuthenga nokuthengisa impahla ngetyala, kunye ukubuya ityala, ukuhlawula imivuzo, iirhafu kunye nokunye. Kuye sibe nolwalamano izibambiso ngetshekhi, iindleko, eyilwayo.

Njengendlela beqokelela imali ubuncwane ukuphazamisa okwethutyana turnover yayo ngaphandle intshukumo, Ukuqokelela ukwandisa ixabiso lazo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo ukuthenga "imali yokwenene" - igolide, isiliva, platinum ngohlobo etshe. Kwakhona, imali zithathwa izinto zexabiso eyenziwe anqabileyo njengegolide okanye isilivere, amatye, izacholo. Kodwa unako wonge imali kunye nephepha, ngokukhethekayo kwiziko logcino ngomdla.

Imisebenzi imali "imali ihlabathi" abonisa ukusetyenziswa babo ukuba bakhonze urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe. kusetyenziswa Ngaphambili ezi iinjongo igolide kuphela, kodwa utshintsho uluntu malunga nendima imali iphepha, intsimbi elinqabileyo eli lehla kakhulu. Namhlanje, kuba imali ukuthenga nokuthengisa iimpahla kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe, ukuba uboleke, xa kukho imfuneko.

Imali, imisebenzi imali - yiyo into ingqalelo izazinzulu. ezoqoqosho Western linoluvo lokuba kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, imali wenza iinjongo ezintathu kuphela: nokwanda kwemali, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixabiso medium of exchange. A umsebenzi "lithetha intlawulo" liye bafana kunye yokugqibela - ". Njengendlela ejikeleza" Nangona kunjalo, indima imali ayikwazi phantsi.