Ilungelo ukuvotela ngabasetyhini: yinto yokwenene okanye loyiso kumzabalazo elide

Ukuya zokuvota ngomhla yonyulo, abafazi abaninzi namhlanje musa nokuba ucinge elide kangakanani kwaye kunzima yindlela, ayenzileyo izigidi langaphambili. Kakade ke, maxa wambi babingelela yonke into ukuze anikwe eli thuba - ilungelo lokuvota. abafazi Ngokwesiko ke lava pfumalaka, kwaye ingadlulanga kuthetha self-kuyabonakala. Njengezinye inkululeko, eli lungelo lifikile yinkqubo ende yokuba, ide yathatyathwa kwaye kumGaqo-siseko kwamazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo. Kwaye le nkqubo sele ifikelele incopho yawo kakhulu kutshanje: ingcinga eyoyikisayo, kodwa ke eyi-40 kule nkulungwane yamashumi amabini Frenchwoman ayikwazanga ukuvula i-akhawunti yebhanki ngaphandle kwemvume indoda yakhe, yaye ngo-1946 waze wamkelwa kwisikhululo yokuvotela.

Xa ixesha ngongasekhoyo baseRoma uBukhosi nabafazi ebanjwa ukuba bafumane umhlaba, yaye oku kubhekisela umthetho wamaRoma. Nangona kunjalo, ukuchazwa ubuKristu ubuKatolika wenza 'intombi ka-Eva "unetyala lesono sokuqala. Oko waqalisa ukusasaza imbono ukuba uhlobo umfazi ngokweemvakalelo, engaphucukanga, uyaganga, kwaye nje akakwazi ukulawula ngokwayo, kwaye kufuneka ukuba umxhasi - kuqala uyise waza indoda yakhe. Ngenxa yokuba iikhowudi ngokwasemthethweni amazwe West yaseYurophu yanyamalala ilungelo bhinqa ezizezabo ukulahla impahla ngokupheleleyo. Malunga oko ilungelo lokuvota e abafazi kumaxesha, icebisa mhaka ilandelayo zembali. Xa sisidwangube de Foix wavakalisa iingxoxo zabo kwi-mpikiswano vukhongeri Pamiers ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIII, omnye umfundisi French wamkhuphela ebusweni: "Mama, zibuyela ivili yakhe kukujikeleza!".

Le nokungabi namandla wesini "ubuthathaka" yathatha de ka1789 ye-French Revolution. esithi lwayo "Inkululeko, Equality, abo bakwinkonzo" yaye ngomdla ezifunyenwe ngabasetyhini ithathe inxaxheba kuzo zonke iinkqubo zopolitiko. Kodwa kopapasho uxwebhu oluphambili lwe revolution "Declaration of the Rights of Man", kwakunye ukwamkelwa koMgaqo-siseko, bafumanisa ukuba ezi slogans esineenkwenkwezi musa bona, kodwa amadoda kuphela. Olympe de Gouges, umbhali, waba Ngo1791 "Declaration on amalungelo ngummi" - IManifesto lokuqala ukulwela amalungelo. Kodwa ke urhulumente akazifezekisi isiqingatha senani labemi beli lizwe, phezu koko, imibutho onke amabhinqa ziye zavalwa, yaye "kumgangatho wesibini 'wayengavumelekanga ukuba babekho kwiziganeko zoluntu, nokulingana oonyana kunye ngamageza. Olympe de Gouges wagqiba ubomi ukufa. Kodwa French baba kuphela umzabalazo wabo ilungelo lokuvota.

Meri Uollstonkraft ngo-1792 epapasha London umsebenzi wakhe, "Ukuvikela Amalungelo abasetyhini", nto leyo ebonisa imfuneko ukulingana amadoda namabhinqa. Kwaye wabafazi lovoto intshukumo - intshukumo ye lovoto lwabasetyhini - wazalwa eUnited States. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1848. Ngowe-1870, abafazi baseBritani eziqokelelwe million ezintathu isicelo ilungelo lokuzikhethela kwaye kunyulwa. Bazithoba iphepha kwiPalamente.

Kodwa eli lizwe lokuqala apho abafazi ekugcineni ilungelo lokuvota, Waba New Zealand - ngo-1893. Kamva, luloyiso kulo mba sele iphunyelelwe eOstreliya (1902), USA (1920), Great Britain (1928). ERashiya, ukulingana kwabafazi bazisa kuphela i-Oktobha Revolution.

Amaxwebhu asemthethweni kumazwe amaninzi amaSilamsi isaqhubekeka amalungiselelo ukuba umfazi angabi ilungu ezimeleyo yoluntu. Kwezinye ithi akukho yokundwendwela, ukuba abhaliwe emtshatweni sikayise kuxwebhu, kwaye emva kwakhe - incwadi umyeni wakhe. Le meko zinje becala ingxaki abafakwa abahlala eNtshona Yurophu kunye US ivaliwe uluntu.