Iintlobo izicwangciso kushishino. Iintlobo kunye nezicwangciso zophuhliso lweshishini

Ingxenye ebalulekile yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yolawulo - qhinga. Ngaphakathi kolu lwakhelo ke ibonwa nje ixesha elide ulwalathiso eneenkcukacha kakhulu malunga nophuhliso nkampani (ngakumbi, esi sicwangciso siphathelele ububanzi, iintlobo neendlela umsebenzi wayo, ukuba ubudlelwane yangaphakathi phakathi bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kule nkqubo, indawo siqinise ngokuphathelele kokusingqongileyo).

Ecacileyo omkhulu, babefanele bahlule phakathi iingqiqo ezifana iinjongo kunye nesicwangciso-qhinga lombutho: owokuqala ibonakalisa neminqweno isiphelo ngongoma, ngoxa yesibini - nendlela ukuphumeza oko ngendlela kukhuphiswano bume olutshintshayo.

Iindlela, esi sicwangciso - kulindeleke ikhosi yenkampani jikelele amanyathelo ukulandela ukuba neziphumo ekuhambeni kwexesha kwiinjongo ezinqwenelekayo.

Yintoni ekufuneka ubunkokheli kwinkqubo yokumisa iqhinga ngempumelelo?

Ngelo kwinqanaba lokuqala kuyimfuneko ukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo emithathu ezingundoqo malunga indawo lombutho kwimarike, ezizezi:

1. Hlobo luni lomsebenzi kufuneka ayeke?
2. Ekufuneka inikwe ingqalelo engakumbi?
3. Zeziphi amashishini kufuneka akhangele.

Iindidi ngeendidi zeendlela M. Porter

Professor chonga iinkalo ezintathu ezingundoqo kuphuhliso lwesicwangciso-qhinga zokuziphatha lenkampani kwimarike:

1. Leadership ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Olu hlobo luphawulwa yokuba inkampani kunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, ukuthengiswa kweemveliso ukuba ubuncinane, ebangela ukuzuza elikhulu share kwimarike kuthelekiswa kontanga yayo.

iimpawu uphawu iinkampani ukuba usebenzise olu hlobo qhinga:

• inqanaba eliphezulu kwimveliso, nongezelele isidima;
• uphuhliso lobugcisa kunye noyilo lobunjineli isiseko;
• isixokelelwano sabasasazi imveliso olubanzi;
• yokumaketha abangenabuchule.

2. obungcali kwimveliso. Luphawulwa ukufana kwenkqubo kunye imveliso, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa kunye nabasebenzi ezizodwa. Effect - abathengi bathenge iimveliso lenkampani nokuba amaxabiso aphezulu.

iimpawu Iinkampani enohlobo oluthile kulo ngobuwena ezi nkqubo-qhinga zilandelayo:

• amandla enkulukazi uphando kunye nophuhliso;
• abayili abafanelekayo kakhulu;
• yokulawula ubulunga iimveliso;
• inkqubo yokumaketha ngempumelelo.

3. Qengqela ku icandelo kwimarike eyahlukileyo. Le nkampani igxininisa kungekhona kwimarike yonke, kodwa kuphela ukuba iqela elithile kwabathengi. Kule meko, oku kwenziwa nokuba ngentla nkqubo ezikhethiweyo, okanye ukunciphisa, okanye zombini, bobabini. Le peculiarity yale hlobo sicwangciso - ingqwalasela kwiimfuno nje emarikeni kunye iqela ekujoliswe kulo kwabathengi.

Iindidi ngasentla ubuchule wokhuphiswano ukuvumela ukusombulula le ngxaki iphambili kwiinkampani ezininzi: ukuphumeza ithuba elingcono okhuphisana ngqo. Zinceda kwakhona ekumiseleni oku kunokwenziwa kanye ngayo.

Iindidi izicwangciso zophuhliso loshishino

Abo bazibiza ku umkhuba, kuthiwa esisiseko. Kuzo kukho iindlela ezine ezahlukeneyo ngokuphathelele ukukhula inkampani, ezinxulumene utshintsho kwimo esisiseko lweziqalelo, ezifana isikhundla lenkampani phakathi kweli shishini, imveliso, ishishini, iteknoloji enye (ezininzi ngaxeshanye okanye). Ngalinye kula macandelo kunokuba abe mnye ithi ezimbini: ngoku okanye ngokwesiseko entsha.

Iintlobo nobuchule iqela lokuqala - isicwangciso sokukhula wamandla (ezinxulumene kutshintsho kurhwebo ngemveliso enye, okanye zombini ngaxeshanye). Emva kwale khosi, iinkampani ezizama ukuphucula imveliso eyenziweyo okanye uzame ukwenza umntu omtsha, ngoxa kushishino endala.

Njengoko le umba emarikeni, kukho imibutho bafuna amathuba ukuphuculwa imeko ekuyiyo ngoku emarikeni.

iqhinga iqela lokuqala

Apha zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu:

1. Isicwangciso ukomeleza kwizikhundla kurhwebo (inkampani kukujolisa ukuthengisa, ekuphumezeni ukuhlanganiswa oxwesileyo - ulawulo phezu kukhuphiswano).
2. Yesicwangciso sophuhliso imarike (bafune neemarike ezintsha imveliso eyenziweyo).
3. Isicwangciso sophuhliso imveliso eyenziweyo ngaphambili (kwinguqu esa ukuveliswa imveliso ngokwesiseko esitsha phantsi umjelo yonikezelo endala).

Iqela lesibini qhinga

Nal - ukwandiswa inkampani ngalo ukulawula kwezakhiwo ezitsha. Iintlobo izicwangciso kweli qela kubhekiselelwe kuwo isicwangciso soshishino sokukhula ezihlanganisiweyo. Iinkampani zisebenzisa kuzo kwimeko apho ishishini ngokwanelisayo kuzinza, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba ukulandela iqela lokuqala echazwe apha ngasentla. Kulo mzekelo, ukukhula oludityanisiweyo akuthinteli imigomo yenkampani ixesha elide. Oko kunokuzuzwa ngokusebenzisa nokufunyanwa kwepropati, kwakunye ukwandiswa ngaphakathi.

icebo Integrated ukukhula

Ziquka ntlobo zilandelayo nkqubo:

1. ukuhlanganiswa ngasemva nkqo (ukukhula lenkampani ngokusungulwa okanye nokuqiniswa kolawulo bonke abaniki, ukudalwa eziliqela nakumagatya obonelelo ekhoyo).
2. Phambili kangakanani umanyano nkqo (ukukhula lombutho ngokusungulwa okanye ukomeleza esweni ekhoyo imizimba yazo ilahlwe iinkqubo ukwabiwa, intengiso). Olu hlobo iyasebenza xa kuthe kwakho ukwanda okubonakalayo kweenkonzo ulamlo okanye ukunqongophala njengabalamli top-lweenotshi.

I Iqela lesithathu

Esi sicwangciso ukukhula obuziintlobo ezininzi. Zisetyenziswa, ukuba inkampani kuyeka ukuphuhlisa yayo, kunye nemveliso yayo phakathi kweli shishini.

Iintlobo izicwangciso kweli qela zezi zilandelayo:

1. lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo Le lali (ekufumaneni nokusebenzisa isakhono engaphezulu ekuvelisweni iimveliso ezintsha, kunye ubukho kwizithuba esembindini kwishishini endala).
2. lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo oxwesileyo (inkampani yokukhangela amathuba okukhula okubonakalayo iimarike ezikhoyo ngokuthi imveliso entsha, ayibobuchule eyahlukileyo ifunelwa eyimveliso leyo). Apha, umbutho kufuneka ingqalelo kakhulu kwimveliso kwemveliso ithekhinoloji ezizimeleyo angasebenzisa amandla akhona inkampani, umzekelo, kule ndawo yokuba ubonelelo. Ngenxa yokuba imveliso entsha ejoliswe ingxenye ekujoliswe omdala (core), oko iimpawu qualitative kufuneka senze iimveliso ezihamba sele zenziwe. Yimeko ebalulekileyo - uhlolo owandulelayo yombutho nobuchule xa kuthelekiswa ekuvelisweni imveliso entsha.
3. lweentlanga ezahlukeneyo yeMetro (ukwandiswa lenkampani ngokusebenzisa imveliso iimveliso ezintsha ngaphakathi kwinkqubo yokuhambisa ezingaphuhliswanga). Kukholelwa ukuba le yenye yezona ezinzima kakhulu malunga nokuphunyezwa kwe izicwangciso zophuhliso ngenxa yokuba ukuphunyezwa kwayo ngempumelelo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: isakhono abasebenzi, zonyaka market, ukuqeqeshwa kwabalawuli, ukufumaneka kwemali eyinkunzi efunekayo, kunye nabanye.

Iintlobo izicwangciso ze kwinqanaba lolawulo lweshishini

Umbutho elikhulu-isikali nohlobo isakhiwo kweminyango lidla amanqanaba amathathu izigqibo ezinkulu qhinga:

• ishishini;
• yobambiswano;
• esebenza.

Ngamanye amazwi, le hlobo eziliqili nesiphumo ekuphumezeni eyiyo lwazo zifumaneka kuphela xa intsebenziswano kwabo. umaleko nganye eyahlukileyo yakha nkqubo nendawo ethile subsequent (isicwangciso-qhinga nqanaba aphantsi kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi umda izicwangciso ngaphezulu).

imiphakamo emithathu izigqibo ezingundoqo qhinga

Isicwangciso sokuqala (corporate, portfolio) ichaza indlela jikelele zokukhula yenkampani, uphuhliso lwemisebenzi yalo izithintelo yonikezelo-icala. Ibonisa indlela ukufikelela kulingano kweempahla kunye neenkonzo zolawulo bolu ezahlukeneyo iindidi zamashishini. izigqibo Strategic kweli nqanaba zibonakaliswa banikwe kakhulu entsonkothileyo enokuthanani umbutho xa iyonke.

Esi sicwangciso yequmrhu ibandakanya ezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• ulwabiwo lwezibonelelo ezisekelwe ekuhleleni nasephicotheni zokusebenzisa iiphothifoliyo phakathi iiyunithi zoshishino ezahlukeneyo;
• guqulo imveliso njengendlela yokunciphisa iingozi ezinokubakho kwezoqoqosho nentsebenziswano ekufezekiseni;
• ukutshintsha isakhiwo oluhlangeneyo;
• ekuhlanganisweni, ukufunyanwa kunye ukungena ubume ukuhlanganiswa ezifana PPG;
• universalization kweeyunithi ekujoliswe qhinga.

izigqibo ezibalulekileyo ezenziwe kweli nqanaba, - ukuphunyezwa iimveliso zemali okanye iiyunithi zoshishino kuphela qho mali.

Iintlobo qhinga lweshishini ngenxa kwinqanaba lolawulo ikwaveza isicwangciso soshishino (yoshishino), ebonelela ixesha elide loncedo lokhuphiswano zenxalenye enkulu yezoqoqosho. Ku kuthwelwe, njengoko umthetho, kwizicwangciso zoshishino kwaye ibonisa iinyaniso lweshishini ukukhuphisana kwimarike kwimveliso ethile (ekujoliswe ceke, amaxabiso kunye nentengiso nkqubo, amathuba kukhuphiswano, kunye nabanye.). Kule nkalo, oko naye okhankanywe, udwelisa iintlobo zobuchule kukhuphiswano. Kuba imibutho bekwi kumsebenzi omnye, isicwangciso yequmrhu efana ishishini.

izicwangciso ezisebenzayo luyaphuhliswa kunye neenkonzo ezisebenzayo ngokusekelwe zamasebe yenkampani kuqwalaselwa ngentla (zemali, mveliso, ukutya, isicwangciso kurhwebo , kunye nabanye.). Injongo yabo - ukuba inkonzo nokwabiwa kwezibonelelo (isebe), ukuziphatha uphendlo lika-iiyunithi ezisebenzayo kwi esiliqili ngokubanzi. Umzekelo ngaphakathi kwisebe nokuthengisa i - kugxininiswa ekufumaneni iindlela ukwandisa yokuthengisa imiqulu kuthelekiswa kwithuba elidlulileyo.

Innovative qhinga: unyango, iintlobo

It ingumzekelo yokuziphatha ngokuqinileyo kwiimeko ezithile kwimarike. Esi sicwangciso - enye izixhobo zolawulo yombutho. Ngokusekelwe imiba zokuziphatha kunye nomxholo, ezi ndidi zilandelayo izicwangciso ezintsha:

- esebenzayo:

a) Ubunkokeli zeteknoloji (uphuhliso uhlobo olutsha lwemveliso nobugcisa, utyalo-mali kwi-R & D, imifuziselo ulawulo phambili, nokuba kwiimeko high-risk);

b) ukulandela yinkokeli (ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa zasungulwa ezinye iinkampani);

c) up (ngokwesiseko lombutho yemveliso wayithengayo kwinkokeli okanye mvume developer);

g) ukuxhomekeka (bexelisa imveliso entsha).

- kwisixando sokwenziwa.

izicwangciso ezintsha nazo zihlelwe ngokwesikali:

• kujoliswe niche;
• ekujoliswe kuzo ukuya kwimarike ethile;
• ejoliswe kwiimarike ezininzi;

Kwisiqulatho ezi ntlobo zilandelayo izicwangciso ezintsha:

• ubuchwepheshe;
• iinkqubo ulwazi;
• sokuphathwa;
• utshintsho ekuhlaleni.

Loqalo lwencopho - uthumo (ekuyilweni ingcamango, ngenxa apho inkampani wadalwa). Ngenxa yesi sizathu yaqulunqa isicwangciso esiliqili ngokubanzi yenkampani.

Zonke ezi ntlobo zingentla izicwangciso ezintsha kufuneka inyathelo ilandelayo lokuqala:

• uvavanyo indawo yangoku lwangaphandle lenkampani;
• iimpawu uphawu yokusingqongileyo lwangaphakathi (technical, lwezenzululwazi, izakhono ezintsha kunye al.).

Uhlobo nakwiindlela zokuthengisa ezisetyenziswayo

Bangakwazi zihlelwe ngokwezi zikhokelo zilandelayo:

1. Malunga eza kufikelelwa imarike:

• qhinga lamaFilisti (uphuhliso lwemveliso entsha, izizathu yabathengi, ukuphuhlisa imimandla emitsha iimveliso ezindala, kuselwe);
• Isicwangciso ukwanda (ukwanda umthamo imveliso, lokoyisa amacandelo amatsha market);
• lokubanga yabantu abangakwaziyo (amaqela zabaxumi ekujoliswe search, apho kungekho khuphiswano, ukudalwa imveliso entsha kubo, nezizathu yabathengi kweli candelo);
• nokugcinwa isabelo yayo zemarike onke amacandelo ekujoliswe (uphuhliso ngokupheleleyo uluhlu uhlobo olufanelekileyo kwempahla).

2. Njengoko into ebalulekileyo, eqinisekisa imfuno, ezi ndidi zilandelayo nakwiindlela zokuthengisa:

• impahla yokufunwa kakhulu (ugxininiso ekuvelisweni inkoliso efunekayo impahla yabathengi ngaphandle Ngokubhekiselele ubulungu group);
• iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu (ugxininiso liphezulu phakathi nemibingelelo emalikeni komgangatho imveliso le mveliso);
• ezingeni (nkqubo ixabiso malunga imveliso, efumanekayo kwinkoliso);
• Innovation (ukudalwa imveliso ungenandawo analogue);
• ukunyaniseka lwabathengi (nal - ngokwanelisa ngokupheleleyo iimfuno zabathengi ekhoyo);
• emva-intengiso inkonzo (kugxininiswa emva-intengiso-service);
• inzuzo engaphezulu kwemali (ngokwenkqubo yesikweliti of izaphulelo, iibhonasi, intlawulo ngezavenge).

3. Ngokutsho iqondo kuphuhliso lomgaqo-nkqubo zoshishino ezi nkqubo-qhinga zilandelayo:

• lithathelwe wokufunwa (uphando emarikeni, inkcazelo kwemfuno zabathengi, ukwenza imveliso ezifezekisayo iimfuno);
• ukudalwa yokufunwa (ukuyilwa iingcamango iimpahla, uphuhliso yayo, ukukhuthazwa iimfuno zabathengi kwimveliso wadala).

4. Ukuphendula emarikeni yangoku Iinkqubo ezi ntlobo zilandelayo izicwangciso zoshishino (ukumaketha):

• zokuzama utshintsho oluqhubekayo (uyakwazi esweni imeko yangoku lwemarike kunye nempendulo ezikhawulezayo ukuyitshintsha);
• sasemini (inguqu kwangaphambili ngenxa kulungiselelwa sase-).

5. Ukusabela Dynamics qhinga sentengiso wababela imeko yoshishino ngale ndlela:

• lithathelwe kwimveliso (ukuncitshiswa okanye ukwanda esekelwe notshintsho kwimfuno yabathengi ifayileyemveliso);
• utshintsho lomqolo (ukuphuculwa imveliso ezahlukeneyo, ukuguqulwa, indalo ababambeleyo);
• ukutshintsha ixabiso (nolwamkelo nkqubo intengiso);
• ukutshintsha ngentengiso (ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwentengiso).

6. Ngokuphathelele imveliso kucingelwa ukuba ukhankanye ntlobo zilandelayo izicwangciso yenkampani (ukumaketha):

• amatsha (ukudala imveliso entsha, ukuzibophelela yenkampani ukhokelo kurhwebo echaphazelekayo);
• "Indawo Second" (ukulandela yinkokeli);
• ukuphuculwa iimveliso zokhuphiswano (izilungiso okanye uhlaziyo kweenzuzo iimveliso wokhuphiswano ngu ngumphelelisi wayo).

qhinga Abasebenzi: definition, iintlobo

Ngaba ukuphuhlisa iinkokheli ephambili kunye ikhosi isebenzayo amanyathelo ukunceda ukuphumeza iinjongo zexesha elide ezifana ekudalweni abanezakhono kakhulu, ukusondelelana, abasebenzi uxanduva, ngaphandle iinjongo ekhoyo yesicwangciso-qhinga kunye zenzeke.

It isigqibo sokuba kubabela elo ntlobo zilandelayo izicwangciso yokugaya:

• entrepreneurship;
• ukukhula olutshintshatshintshayo;
• inzuzo;
• elitshonileyo;
• mjikelo.

Ngokutsho ezininzi iinkampani abaziintloko, isicwangciso lwabasebenzi - yinxalenye yezoqoqosho olupheleleyo, ngokunjalo ngenxa kucwangciso lwexesha elide imisebenzi.

UPawulos, kubalulekile ukuba bakhumbuze ukuba iintlobo eziphambili qhinga kukhuphiswano - inkokeli entsimini ekujoliswe iindleko kunye umahluko.