Inkqubo Business - yintoni na le nto? Design, yokulinganisa, noun kweenkqubo zoshishino

iindlela Modern yolawulo inkampani ngakumbi ukuboleka ubuchule basemzini technologies. Kwaye hayi kuba oko nendlela, kodwa ngenxa yokuba lula kwaye kakuhle. Enye yezi ndlela waphula wonke umsebenzi wesiqhelo kwi kumacandelo cebetshu koko ikuchaza ngokweenkcukacha bamkela elowo inkqubo zoshishino. Kuthatha ixesha elininzi, kodwa cebo ibonakala ivumela ukufumana kunye nobuthathaka kunye noxanduva ngokugqithiseleyo egwagwisayo imisebenzi ngokucacileyo. Xa ukuchitha ulawulo ixesha angagunyazisa ezinye uxanduva lwayo phantsi naphezulu kwileli, bamkhulula wena ixesha isicwangciso-qhinga.

Ubomi ngokwesicwangciso

Enye into kukuba abasebenzi iinkampani badla musa ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo kwaye yamkela ukuzimisela lolawulo ukuchonga iinkqubo zoshishino eziphambili. Kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ukuba siqonde zomzekelo kunye nenkcazelo imisebenzi eziziziqalelo unit nganye, kunye nabasebenzi. Okubi nakakhulu, ukuba imeko nkampani apho kukho abasebenzi abafunda iinkqubo zoshishino zenkampani. Bona singaphezi malunga into abangazicelayo, uyaphazamiseka yaye ngenye kuphazamisana kukuphunyezwa kwamaxanduva ngqo olusebenzayo bonke abasebenzi. Yintoni ukwenza ntoni?

Makhe siqale kude. Ntsasa nganye, ngaphambi kokuba uninzi lwethu umsebenzi - ukuza emsebenzini. Kuba izisombululo zayo ngempumelelo kufuneka ixesha bavuke, ayadibana uthathe indawo kwezinye izithuthi (nokuba ngaba imoto yakho okanye imoto sikaloliwe). Okulandelayo, icandelo ngalinye igqojozwe iinkqubo ezincinane phantsi: ukuze uvuke ngexesha, uyakwazi ukucwangcisa i-alam, kwaye ucele omnye umntu ukuba akuvuse phezulu, njl Enoba result isigqibo indlela (ukuvuka ngexesha) ekufikelelwe kuso ... Vuka, imirhumo kunye nendlela emsebenzini izisombululo neendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye siphumo. Eneneni, sakufika endaweni yenkcazo kuqala.

Kuba oko konke ufuna

Ngoko ke, inkqubo yoshishino - ulandelelwano ethile amanyathelo alula ukuba uguqule imithombo ibe yimveliso ekupheleni luncedo. Kumzekelo wethu ebomini, kukho iinkqubo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo, nganye kuzo ifuna ulwazi layo igalelo kwaye emva manipulation kukhokelela kwisiphumo oyifunayo. Yiya kule nkampani. Nokuba ishishini lakho nganye kwinkampani umsebenzi ugqitywa ubudlelwane ngobuchule abasebenzi: ukudluliselwa kolwazi, inkcazelo ngemfuneko imveliso, uhlalutyo imveliso kunye nezixhobo, njalo njalo ke kubalulekile ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba zonke ezi ngasentla abe nexabiso kuphela xa iimeko ezintathu ziyafikeleleka ..:

- Ulwazi kunikwa abanomdla umsebenzi wakhe;

- oku kusenziwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo;

- kwifomu apho inkcazelo, ilula kwaye gca.

Ukuze siyibeka ngasentla, oko Kungaphikiswa ukuba inkqubo yoshishino - na ukuhamba kolwazi, ephendula imibuzo emithathu: ntoni, phi, nini. Kungenxa loo msebenzi wenziwa kakuhle kwaye rhoqo, kuyimfuneko ukumisela amacandelo yayo. Kule meko apho kuya kubakho phindwa kwemisebenzi, ukunqongophala igcisa okanye kwemitshini.

Xa inkqubo yoshishino ichazwe ngokucacileyo, umsebenzi ngamnye iyayeka ukuba ufunwayo. Khumbula ukuba izihlandlo ezininzi ukuba alinde, xa kuya kubakho esibhedlele (okanye ebuya ekhefini) ezinye oogxa bakhe; xa ungekho wena emnxebeni nje akayeki ekhalayo, yaye wonk 'umntu uzama uku bana phandle into oyenzayo nendlela. Kwaye ukuba uphendule isicelo ukhokelo waza wenza inkcazo olude eneenkcukacha kweenkqubo zoshishino, unako nomxhelo owonwabileyo kwaye uzolile kwaye ukhululeke, kwaye maxa wambi nje sasemini ...

Ukhankanye ukuba le nkcazelo ngolwimi olusesikweni, siya baphikise ukuba nenkcazelo iinkqubo zoshishino, inkampani ubeka ezi njongo:

• ukuqonda kumbutho zombutho kwaye isigqibo nemiba yophuhliso lwayo;
• bachonge imingeni ekhoyo kunye namathuba libeyise;
• ecacile kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba (ababhekisi phambili, abasebenzisi, abaxhasi, njl ...), iinjongo kunye neenjongo zale nkqubo;
• ukuqulunqa iimfuno isoftware eyimfuneko.

Kakade ke, ngokwayo, inkcazo kweenkqubo zoshishino buphuma mdla. Kodwa nantsi ke ukuba reengineering - njongo iphambili. Kuphela yi ukuqonda isakhiwo ulwalamano, kunye nendlela ingcaciso nokuphuma kwemali, singakwazi ukuthetha zokwazisela umthwalo yesemantiki zombini kwishishini kunye amaqela yayo ngamnye. Kodwa ke litsha kufuneka yenziwe ukuze kufikwe ezinye iinjongo: ukuphucula ubulunga benkonzo yomxhasi; ekunciphiseni iindleko; ukubonelela inkululeko enkulu kwizigqibo beqonga (ukuncitshiswa ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza ngemisebenzi) njalo njalo. d.

yokwahlukanisa elula

Amaninzi, imfuneko ukuchaza iinkqubo zoshishino ulwazi livela kumashishini kunye nesakhiwo esebenza-ebomini. Into yokuba iinjongo kunye neenjongo kumasebe ahlukeneyo ingquzulane kunye nabanye. Oku kuya kukhokelela nje kuphela unciphiso kwingeniso yenkampani, kodwa kwilahleko yayo okhuphiswano.

Indlela mihla kulawulo iba yinkqubo kwindalo. Wonke umsebenzi ithathwa njenge iseti ethile weenkqubo (nganye equka esinye okanye imisebenzi emininzi sabaqalayo). Ukuze ngokusesikweni nokubeka emgangathweni indlela eyamkelwe iindidi iinkqubo ezinjalo (Ukuhlelwa kwenzeka ngokunxulumene imveliso ixabiso-ntengo):

• esisiseko - abo apho inkampani ufumana ingeniso: imveliso, ukuthengisa, nongezelele isidima;
• ulawulo - abo ekumiseleni iinjongo kunye neenjongo zamasebe kunye esekisini ezithile;
• inkxaso - abo kubonelela ngezibonelelo imveliso, kodwa oko akuthethi ukongeza ixabiso imveliso yokugqibela: ukulungiswa kunye nokukhetha abasebenzi, inkxaso-mali, ukhuselo lomthetho, etc ...

Ngaphandle kwabo sele ikhankanywe geqe umba yoluntu kunye nolwamkelo lula kwabasebenzi abatsha, inkcazo kweenkqubo zoshishino kwenza kube lula ukulawula ngempumelelo iindleko zokusebenza yenkampani.

izakhiwo

Ngoku kuyacaca ukuba inkampani ulawulo kufuneka nje achonge iinkcukacha ezinxulumene kwemali, kodwa ngokucacileyo ukuchaza yonke imisebenzi. Ekubeni sele siyazi ukuba inkqubo yoshishino - yinxalenye yomsebenzi iyonke, bedlula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye (ngaphakathi unit yakho esebenza okanye hayi - Akukhathaliseki), koko ugqithele yokuba yonke into kweli hlabathi ube nobunye. A umsebenzi professional - ngakumbi njalo.

Kungakhathaliseki ububanzi inkqubo nganye Ishishini achazwe kunye ezineempawu ezifanayo.

- Aplikheyishini yokwenziwa kwemiYalezo - oku isiqalo nesiphelo operation okulula.

- Umnini - umsebenzi inkampani, lowo kuphela izibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukusebenza, kodwa kwakhona izicwangciso, ukuhlalutya, lilawula inkqubo; kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - kubangela isiphumo.

- Login - umyalezo inkcazelo efunyenwe naluphi na uhlobo elamkeleke kwishishini, nto leyo ebonisa imfuneko ulwazi amakishe ekuqaleni kwenkqubo.

- Exit - ulwazi okanye imizimba yinxalenye imveliso leyo ucumkile yangaphandle iklayenti umculi.

- Artist - uswazi nkampani, benza inkqubo efanayo.

- Izibonelelo - izinto okanye ulwazi umsebenzi ayitshintshi ngexesha lokusebenza (kwaye isebenza kuphela ukuba ukuguqula ulwazi igalelo imveliso yokugqibela).

- Ulawulo lobulunga - kushishino okanye izikhombisi yangaphakathi (eyenziwe yi-Management Company) ukujonga ukusebenza kwale umsebenzi.

Ukukhetha elinyanzelekileyo iinkqubo nezakhiwo

Kakade ke, asizizo zonke nkampani kufuneka inkcazo kweenkqubo zoshishino. Noko ke, kukho inani lamatyala ukuba musa ukuyenza ngaphandle edinayo. Zeziphi eziphambili:

• Umsebenzi lweshishini into ezenzekelayo. Kulo mzekelo, inkqubo zoshishino umzobo kwemibhalo iimfuno zabaxumi ibe plain Unicode ulwimi.
• Ukuphuculwa imisebenzi yenkampani. Hayi kuphela langoku kwezixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe ukunceda ukuphucula imveliso yokugqibela; oluvela kweenkqubo zoshishino kunika ithuba lokuba kuchongwe amandla kunye nobuthathaka emsebenzini yaye uthathe izisombululo nolawulo olufanelekileyo.
• umbutho isatifikethi nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe (ISO). Wadala okufanayo bonke abasebenzi nenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho.

Indlela ukuthumela inkcazelo umthengi

Ukwenza umzekelo kwiinkqubo zoshishino kufuna inkcazo into nganye. Indlela ukukwenza ebelapha ukuba lo mbutho? Ezintathu eziphambili iindlela zokuphelisa indlela ehlabathini: umbhalo, graphic kunye tabular.

incazelo yombhalo ibandakanya zonke inkqubela ulandelelwano olulula noluqondakalayo. Ifomu kunye nesiqulatho isenokuba mahala (ukuba akukabi kuqulunqwa imigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe okanye kwishishini) kwaye kulawulwa amaxwebhu. Umzekelo: isebe intengiso adlulisele amaxwebhu sobalo thuba isebe locwangciso; abasebenzi kwisebe yokucwangcisa ukuba aqhube umsebenzi yohlalutyo ukujonga ukuhanjiswa Dynamics nemfuno yokwenza utshintsho kwimveliso; umphumo isebe yokucwangcisa luyasuka isebe intengiso, apho uhlahlelo ezibangela ukukhula (ukuwa) Intengiso kunye m. d.

Ujongano inkqubo zoshishino umzobo ivumela ukuba nomfanekiso iziphumo zomsebenzi yohlalutyo. Akukho mfuneko ukukhumbuza ukuba imbono olubonakalayo inkcazelo kakhulu ngempumelelo. Ngoko ke, zonke iintlobo iitshati kunye nemizobo sikwazi ukuqonda ngokukhawuleza kwenzeka ntoni kwaye bafumane isisombululo ekunene.

Kwiimeko apho umsebenzi eziphambili oguqukayo misebenzi - noun kweenkqubo zoshishino, kuyimfuneko ukuba usebenzise ifomu tabular ukuchaza kubo. Nayo lula ukuqonda ukulandelelana amanyathelo kunye nolwalathiso lokuhamba kwengcaciso. Uhlobo ipleyiti iqulathe kuphela inkcazelo umsebenzi units rhoqo, kodwa kwakhona iigrafu zamaxwebhu ezingenayo neziphumayo, isihloko (lingakhankanywa njengeyunithi liphela, kwaye umqeshwa ngamnye) njalo njalo. D.

Indlela ukuchaza inkqubo yoshishino

Akwanelanga ukwenza uhlalutyo kweenkqubo zoshishino. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule meko ilungile, kodwa ngaxeshanye kunye lula inkcazelo. Ukuqala icacise igama yinkqubo eyodwa. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqonda iimpawu zayo, ukusebenza kunye nengqondo kwikhonkco ngokubanzi lwemisebenzi yemveliso.

Emva koko kufuneka ukhankanye iinkcukacha input olufunekayo ekwenzeni olufanelekileyo umsebenzi, kwakunye noluhlu zibonelelo. Ulandelelwano ibhalwe yemisebenzi ezilula, apho le nkqubo iya ndiphoswe kwaye sukulibala nto.

Ukwenza umzekelo kwiinkqubo zoshishino akakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle umnini inkqubo esweni inkqubo ukuphunyezwa. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ingcaciso yemiqathango standard performance yomsebenzi, udwelise amaxwebhu athunyelwe kule linki ilandelayo. Ukuba lula Uchazo kufuneka ikhangeleke ngolu hlobo: "... emva kocazululo kwentengiso eli thuba isebe wocwangciso umsebenzi uzalisa ifomu esekwe (itheyibhile), nto leyo adlulisele kwisebe lorhwebo le ..."

Iskimu lula inkcazo neenkqubo zokuvelisa

Ekuqulunqeni iinkcazelo rhoqo abasebenzi senze into yokuba andikwazi ukuthetha imixholo yomsebenzi wabo ngayo ngomlomo. Ukuze inkqubo iinkqubo zoshishino yayicacile kwaye structured, ungenza memo. Loo nto ibonisa yemibuzo efuna ukunika impendulo ecacileyo eneenkcukacha kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, yintoni na le mibuzo?

• Ntoni? Ichaza ukuba ngokukhethekileyo eyenziweyo kulo msebenzi.
• Kutheni? Adlulisele kuye operation target.
• Nini? Inika ngubani abakhwetha ukubulawa.
• Ngubani? Libhekisela kumagcisa ezithile.
• Njani? Idwelisa i izibonelelo eziyimfuneko.

Development Business Process libonisa ukuba usebenzise zonke iindlela ukuchaza. Ngoko ke, ufumana icebo enenkcukacha emsebenzini. ngobuwena ngemizobo kuza kutyhila ukuzalana iiyunithi ezisebenzayo, kunye netafile itekisi, uze unike umxholo yokusebenza ngamnye. Ngelishwa, lo matshini kweenkqubo zoshishino kunokwenzeka ngaphandle lo msebenzi yokuqala ethatha ixesha elide hayi.

Indlela ukuqokelela ulwazi

Kuqeqesho yaziwa iindlela ezininzi nendlela yokufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko. Okokuqala kufuneka bahlalutye amaxwebhu zolawulo elawula abasebenzi zenkampani. Ke kufuneka baqhube udliwano-ndlebe buqu kunye wobubi nganye ngqo ukwenzela ukuchaza umxholo yomsebenzi wakhe. Ngaphezu koko, ukuze bacikidwe nokucacisa imiba impikiswano, abacebisi, abahlalutyi kufuneka asebenzise esweni ukuphunyezwa kweenkqubo zoshishino.

Ukuba indlela ebanzi yokusombulula ingxaki, inkqubo zoshishino esizisebenzelayo kubonakala umthambo ukuze iyadinisa lilize ukwenjenjalo.

iqela ukusebenza

Ukanti, ukuba lo msebenzi engundoqo inkampani - inkqubo zoshishino esizisebenzelayo, kwaye umtsalane Consulting lwangaphandle ulawulo inkampani akanazinjongo, ngokuyimfuneko kuphakamisa umbuzo: "ukuqala phi?" Inyathelo lokuqala iqela zabasebenzi yenkampani. Kunqweneleka ukuba amalungu eqela elisebenzayo kufuneka ezibalaseleyo izakhono zohlalutyo kunye ukukwazi ukuphulaphula. Enyanisweni, njengoko sele sibonile, uninzi lo msebenzi ukuba baqhube udliwano-ndlebe buqu kunye business processes esekisini.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka wenze umfanekiso ngokwenene ukusebenza kwale nkqubo. Njengoko le yotshintsho umsebenzi lweshishini uze uzise inzuzo ukuba bathethe ngokutsha ogqibeleleyo kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukulungisa le nkqubo kunye nomkhombandlela kolwazi ekuqaleni yokusebenzisa.

Yintoni kule incazelo

Ukwenzela ukuthintela ukubhideka kunye ubumbaxa kwi nenkcazo kweenkqubo zoshishino, iingcali bacebisa ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo iimaphu. Oku amaxwebhu esemgangathweni ezikuvumela ukumanya zonke izenzo kungakhathaliseki kwisigaba eziphembelela igcisa kunye nokuphelela imisebenzi ezichazwe.

Nayiphi na inkcazelo lungahlulwa-hlulwa zibe kumacandelo zilandelayo:

• inkqubo ifomu ohlangeneyo (idla itafile);
• inkqubo yoshishino imephu (ungaboniswa naluphi na uhlobo - inkcazo yombhalo, igrafiki okanye kwetafile);
• imizila (nokuphuma ezingenayo neziphumayo lolwazi, izibonelelo kunye nemali);
• matrices kweenkqubo zoshishino ezahlukeneyo (Itheyibhile intsebenziswano phakathi kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo olwenza ukwabela nokuphuma eziziiprayimari neziziisekondari kunye nemisebenzi);
• iflowutshathi (iflowutshathi yenkqubo yeshishini);
• inkcazelo lwemibhalo eneenkcukacha;
• ukubhalwa (ekudaleni amaxwebhu engqina inkqubo uphumezo);
• ekuqapheleni izalathi si zokunikwa inkqubo yoshishino (yokusebenza yokukhangela kunye nezalathisi, nto leyo ungalawuleka inkqubela nje kuphela, kodwa umgangatho);
• imigaqo (ngamanye amagama, inkcazo yomsebenzi).

Iimpawu

Njengokuba uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wabonisa, nayiphi na inkqubo kufuneka into kulinganiswa. Kuyimfuneko kuqala ukuvavanya ukusebenza lweshishini yonke. Amaninzi, iingcali Siyaleza ukuvavanya iinkqubo zoshishino izinto ezine: ixesha, iindleko, umgangatho nobungakanani.

Kodwa models inkqubo yoshishino ziyatshintsha- kwaye zahlukene. Ngoko ke badla akwanelanga ukuhlola kuphela isantya ekwenzeni umsebenzi; Kufuneka uthathe ingqalelo iimeko zomsebenzi, kunye nezibonelelo lwemigudu. Ukongeza, phantse zonke ishishini akakwazi khona ngaphandle ngabathengisi, ezemali, eyokucwangciswa kunye namaqabane. Oku kwakhona neziphawuli ezingqinisisekayo.

Kakade ke, asimele silibale ngayo eendaba kunye nemeko yomntu. Okuya uba mkhulu umsantsa inqanaba yoqeqesho, kuya kuthabatha ukuphonononga imiyalelo nokungenisa iinkcukacha ixesha ngaphantsi.

Xa intliziyo uninzi imigaqo uhlalutyo lwesakhiwo kunye noyilo (SADT - ecwangcisiweyo Uhlalutyo and Design Technique) indlela modelling ngoku wabeka, kwakunye kwezinye iilwimi algorithmic. Uyakwazi ukuthetha ubukho imifuziselo eziliqela analysis iinkqubo zoshishino ezingundoqo:

- Business Process nokumodela - enyanisweni, ngumzekelo - utyhila inkalo yomsebenzi kubukho yenkampani.

- Umsebenzi Flow nokumodela - ichaza de ugqitywe kwaye iyafana ukuzoba nokusebenza.

- Data Flow nokumodela - ngokungafaniyo kowangaphambili, ichaza umsinga data (iinkcukacha); Iyilelwe ukuba avelise ulandelelwano imisebenzi.

Shewhart umjikelezo, Deming

iinkqubo zoshishino eziphambili (1C ikuvumela ukuba abahlule kuluhlu jikelele) Kucetyiswa ukuba ukuchaza kuxwebhu elahlukileyo ebizwa ngokuba 'Imithetho yomsebenzi kwimveliso. " Yonke into ebonakalayo ngaphantsi ngokwendalo okanye luqulathe igama inani elincinane kwemisebenzi ezilula, ngokuqhelekileyo ochazwe iinkcazo zemisebenzi.

Ekwenzeni imithetho kufuneka athathe ingqalelo iimeko kulo mjikelo ngcono okuqhubekayo inkampani (imodeli Shewhart-Deming). amalungiselelo alo bathi ifoun nokuphuculwa - inkqubo elingapheliyo. Okt eziquka izigqibo ezinjalo zolawulo ngoku ngokulawula ngomjikelo engathethekiyo: isicwangciso, abulawe, ulawulo, ukulungiswa.

Ekwenzeni ummiselo kufuneka athathe ingqalelo imigaqo eziqinisekisa umfuziselo ukuthotyelwa Shewhart-Deming:

1. Ukubalwa iithagethi kwixesha elilandelayo.
2. Uhlalutyo le Dynamics ezinxaxhileyo kunye namaxwebhu izizathu ezinzulu.
3. Ukumiselwa imisebenzi okulungisa nokuhlalutya impumelelo yabo.

Development le modeli kufuneka zihambelane kunye nemithetho zoshishino. Njengoko eyamkelekileyo imithetho ngokuthanda kwesiseko olumisiweyo-yomthetho kaRhulumente apho inkampani esebenza. Umfuziselo yesibini isiseko-nkqubo yequmrhu yenkampani.

Ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho, kufuneka uthathe unonophelo kophuhliso kunye kudityaniso neenkqubo zoshishino. Njengokuba kuphawuliwe ekuqaleni kweli nqaku - akusoloko abasebenzi yenkampani uyakuqonda ukubaluleka langoku yaqala. Ukuzisa umqeshwa ngamnye ukubaluleka udale i modeli ngempumelelo kweenkqubo zoshishino - umsebenzi wolawulo abaphezulu.

Kuba kubhaliwe kakuhle ezinesiseko kakuhle yenzelwe nkqubo iza lula nje kokuba ngoku athobele nemigangatho kwemigangatho amazwe ngamazwe ISO 9001: 2008, kodwa ngcono ukusebenza wonke umsebenzi.

Zombini ezi zinto kukhokelela inkampani ukwandisa ukhuphiswano emarikeni, nto leyo, ibe nafuthe yingenelo zombini zimali kunye nabathengi.