Iintlanzi zesisu: isakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi

Ngaba unokwenza lo msebenzi: "Bhala uluhlu lomntu"? Ukuba ungathandabuli impendulo echanekileyo, ngoko i-article yethu ikuphela kuwe.

Ukwahlula kweengqungquthela

Izigulane zizitho ezizodwa ezikhupha izinto eziphilayo eziphilayo-i- enzyme. Ziyizinto ezithintekayo kwizinto eziphilayo ezikhawuleza inkqubo yokwenza amakhemikhali, kodwa ayinxalenye yeemveliso zayo. Kwakhona kuthiwa yimfihlelo.

Iingqungquthela zangaphakathi, zangaphandle kunye nezixube ezixutywayo zihlukeneyo. Iimfihlo zokuqala ze-secrete egazini. Ngokomzekelo, i-pituitary gland, esekelwe kwisiseko sobuchopho, iququzelele i-hormone yokukhula elawula le nkqubo. Kwaye i-adrenal glands iyamisa i-adrenaline. Le nto inceda umzimba ukujamelana neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo, ukukhuthaza yonke imikhosi yayo. I-pancreas ixutywe. Ivelisa amahomoni afaka zombini igazi kunye ngqo kwizitho zangaphakathi (ngakumbi, isisu).

Ezi zinyibiliko zokugaya, njenge-salivary kunye nesibindi, ziyi- glands zangaphandle. Emzimbeni womntu, zibandakanya i-teary, i-milk, sweat, kunye nabanye.

Izigulane zokugaya abantu

Ezi ziko zenza i- enzymes ephula izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kwizinto ezilula ezinokuguzwa yinkqubo yokutya. Ukudlula kwiphecana, iiprotheni zaphuka ukuya kuma-amino acids, i-carbohydrate eziyinkimbinkimbi-ezilula, i-lipids-kwi-acid acids kunye ne-glycerin. Le nkqubo ayikwazi ukuqhutywa ngokucwangciswa kwemveliso yokutya ngoncedo lwamazinyo. Oku kunokukwenza kuphela izigulane zokugaya. Masiqwalasele indlela yokwenza kwabo ngokubanzi.

Iingqungquthela zentambo

Iingqungquthela zokuqala zokugaya endaweni kwindawo yazo kwindawo. Umntu unamabini amathathu: i-parotidi, i-submandibular, isiqendu. Xa ukutya kungena emlonyeni okanye nangona kungena emlonyeni, ummatha uqala ukwenza. Ingumbane ongenakubala ongabonakaliyo. Iquka amanzi, i-enzyme kunye ne-mucus-mucin. I-saliva ine-alkaline reaction. I-lysozyme ye-enzyme iyakwazi ukunciphisa i-microorganisms i-pathogenic kunye nokuphilisa amanxeba omlomo we-mucosa. I-Amylase kunye ne-maltase ihlukanisa i-carbohydrates enzima kwi-carbohydrates elula. Kulula ukujonga. Beka isiqwenga sesonka emlonyeni kwaye ngexesha elifutshane liza kuba yinto enokuthi igxilwe kalula. I-Slime (mucin) ivula kwaye iyancipha iinqunto zokutya.

Ukukhangela kunye nokwahlukanisa ukutya ngokuncedisa ukutywa kwe-pharynx kwipopu engena esiswini, apho ichaphazelekayo ngakumbi.

Ukugaya isisu seesisu

Kwinqanaba elongeziweyo kakhulu lephepha lokugaya, i-mucosa ye-glandular ifihliwe kwisigxina sayo ngenkunkuma ekhethekileyo- ijusi esiswini. Kwakhona isicatshulwa esicacileyo, kodwa nge-medium acidic. Ukubunjwa kwejusi yesisu kubandakanya i-mucin, i-enzymes amylase kunye ne-maltase, ephula amaprotheni kunye ne-lipids, kunye ne-hydrochloric acid. Olu hlobo luvuselela isenzo semoto esiswini, singathinteli ibhaktheriya ye-pathogenic, siyeka iinkqubo zokubeka izinto.

Ukutya okuhlukeneyo kwisisu somntu ngexesha elithile. I-carbohydrate - malunga neeyure ezine, iiprotheyini kunye namafutha-ukusuka ezintandathu ukuya kwezi-ezisibhozo. Izilwanyana azihlali esesiswini, ngaphandle kobisi, oluphendulela apha kwi-curd.

Pancreas

Le yimilo kuphela yokugaya exutywe. Itholakala phantsi kwesisu, ebeka igama layo. Kwi-duodenum, ivelisa ijusi yokutya. Oku kuyimfihlo ye-pancreas yangaphandle. Ngokukhawuleza egazini, ikhupha i-hormones insulin kunye ne-glucagon, ilawula i-carbohydrates metabolism emzimbeni womntu. Kule meko, umzimba usebenza njengentsimbi yangaphakathi.

Isibindi

Izithobezi zokugaya zenza umsebenzi okhuselekileyo, okhuselayo, owenziweyo kunye nomzimba. Kwaye konke oku kubonga kwisibindi. Le yona galelo enkulu yokugaya. Ibhokhwe iqhutywe rhoqo kwiindawo zayo. Umlambo obabalayo unobumba obuhlaza okomhlaza. Iqukethe amanzi, i-bile acids kunye ne-salts, kunye ne-enzymes. Isibindi sifihla imfihlelo yaso kwi-duodenum, apho ukucoca kokugqibela (emulsification) yamathambo nokukhutshwa kwezinto ezinobungozi kumzimba kwenzeka.

Ekubeni ukuhlukana kwe-polysaccharides kuqala kusemlonyeni womlomo, ukutya kwe-carbohydrate yinto elula kakhulu yokugaya. Nangona kunjalo, wonke umntu unokuqinisekisa ukuba emva kwesaladi yemifuno, ivakalelo yendlala ifika ngokukhawuleza. Izondlo zicetyiswa ukuba zisebenzise ukutya kweeprotheni. Iyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye inkqubo yokudibanisa kunye nokutya kwayo ihlala ixesha elide. Khumbula ukuba ukutya kufuneka kulungelelanise.

Kwaye ngoku ubeka uluhlu lweentlanzi zokugaya? Yimiphi imisebenzi yabo? Sicinga ukuba ewe.