Iimbutho zeLomonosov

I-Optics kunye nombane, ukuthunjwa kunye nokushisa, i-metallurgy kunye ne-meteorology, geography kunye nobugcisa, uncwadi kunye nembali, ifilosofi kunye ne-chemistry, i-astronomy ne-geology. Sonke siqhelana nale mizobo, kodwa kungekhona wonke umntu owaziyo ukuba uMikhail Vasilyevich wenza inxaxheba ebalulekileyo kule mimandla.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo zeLomonosov zixhalabisa nge-physics, chemistry kunye ne-astronomy. Ezi mpu melelo ziye zagqithisa imisebenzi yenzululwazi yabafundi beNtshona Yurophu kwiminyaka emininzi.

Ekuqaleni konyaka iwaka elinamanci asixhenxe anamanci mane anesibhozo, uMikhail Vasilievich wagxininisa ekwakheni nasezixhobo zokusebenza ngokwemidwebo yakhe yebhubhoratri yamachiza kwi-Academy of Sciences, apho waqalisa ukuhlalutya iisampulu zeemaminerali kunye neyeyure. Ezi ikopi zeLomonosov zikhishwe kwizityalo zeemigodi kuzo zonke iindawo zaseRashiya.

Ukuhlolwa kwamakhemikhali kunye nokwenyama okwenziwa nguLomonosov kwilebhuyibrari yomntu isoloko ihluke ngokuchanileyo. Ngenye imini, ngomnyaka we-1748, uMikhail Vasilyevich wenza uvavanyo olunjalo: emva kokulinganisa isitya esitywinwe seglasi kunye neeplati zesikhokelo, wayibala, waza wachaza kwakhona. Ngoko ke iiplate zahlanganiswa nge-oxide, nangona kunjalo, isisindo esipheleleyo sesitya emva kokuzama ukuhlala kungatshintshi. Ngenxa yoko, enye yemithetho ebalulekileyo yendalo - ukugcinwa kwento-yafunyanwa. Impapasho eprintiweyo yomthetho ibonakala emva kweminyaka emibini elinesibini, kwintetho yesayensi "Ingxoxo malunga nobuthakathaka nobunzima bemizimba." Oku kufunyanwa nguLomonosov kuthethwa ngokufanelekileyo njengobaluleke kakhulu kumthetho okhankanywe ngasentla.

UMikhail Vasilyevich wayengowokuqala ukwenza izicamango ezisisiseko malunga neengcamango zegesi ezinxulumene necinetic section. ULomonosov wayekholelwa ukuba nayiphi na umzimba iqukethe iincinci ezihambayo ezincinci - iathom kunye nama-molecule ehamba ngokukhawuleza xa into iyatshisa, kwaye xa ikhuhlile - ihamba kancane.

Izinto ezenzululwazi zakwaLomonosov zihlala zixhalabele kwiindawo ezingenakulinganiswa kwaye, ngoko ke, kwakhokelela uMikhail Vasilyevich kwi-arts yobugcisa obuhle. Kwiminyaka engama-50 yekhulu le-18, inzululwazi yaqala ukubonisa umdla okhethekileyo kwimigangatho yeglasi kunye neefrijini. Ndiyabulela uLomonosov ukuba indlela ejongene nayo ibonakala, njengomfanekiso waseRashiya.

Ngeliwaka elinamanci asixhenxe anamanci mathandathu ananye, uMikhail Vasilievich waphawula ukuhamba kweVenus phakathi kwelanga kunye noMhlaba. Le nto yayingabonakaliyo yenziwa ngabasosayensi bevela kumazwe amaninzi, abaye badala iindwendwe ezide ukuya kule njongo. Kodwa kuphela inhlakanipho uLomonosov, ngelixa ekhaya ePetersburg kwaye ebukele ixilongo, yenze into efumene kakhulu ukuba umoya ukhona kwiVenus, kodwa kuninzi kunene kwihlabathi lethu. Enye into efunyenweyo yeLomonosov iya kuba yanele ukukhunjulwa yinzala yakhe.

Ngaphandle kokusungulwa okulandelayo kweLomonosov, kuya kuba nzima kakhulu ukuba izazi zeenkwenkwezi zingene ngaphakathi kwiNzulu, kuba uMikhail Vasilyevich wadala uhlobo olunamandla lokubonisa i-telescope ngelo xesha. Kwimbonakaliso yayisinye isibuko, esasisezantsi. Yenze ukuba kube lula ukugcina umfanekiso obalaseleyo wezinto, kuba kulo mzekelo ukukhanya akuzange kulahleke.

Ngaphambili kwenzululwazi yesimanje ngelo xesha, uLomonosov wayengusosayensi wokuqala ukuba aqonde ukuba indawo yenkwenkwezi ebizwa ngokuba yiLanga yintlanzi yolwandle enobudlova, kuba "amatye apheka njengamanzi" kuwo.

Ukufunyanwa kweLomonosov kwathintela nasekudalweni kolwimi lwesiRashiya. Waqala ukubonakala kuphela phantsi kweTsar Peter I kwaye wahlala kuphela ngamazwi angaphandle. Ukuchaza naziphi na izinto zobuchwepheshe, zonke iingcali zisebenzisa amagama aseLatin, amaDutch, amaJamani kunye namaPolish, kwaye, ngelanga, ayengenakuqondakala kwabanye.

Impumelelo kaLomonosov ibonakaliswe ukulungiswa kwesigama kunye nokunciphisa inani lamazwi angaphandle azalise ulwimi lwaseRussia nolwazi lwesayensi ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi elinesibhozo.