Iibhulorho Stone: iifoto edumileyo. ibhulorho ilitye elikhulu eMoscow

On ngemoto kwiindlela Russia owawusebenza Iibhulorho amatye malunga-50. Ngalinye kuwo uhlobo arch setyhula, akufane ellipsoid, umphandle Arch. Iibhulorho Stone akhawunti ye% 0.8 kuphela zonke izakhiwo ezikhoyo. Inani izakhiwo ezinjalo yaba malunga 100, isiqingatha senkulungwane eyadlulayo, kwiminyaka engama-25 eyadlulayo - ngaphezulu kwe-150 Nokuba ukuba uthathe ingqalelo we the iibhulorho litye ngoku ziguqulelwa kudidi "umbhobho" okanye hayi zonke zilungelelane, basikeleleni womnatha federal kuya kubakho ngaphezulu kwe-1, 5%.

Ukuncitshiswa izakhiwo ezifanayo uphawu le local network. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kummandla eMoscow izakhiwo ezikhoyo 800 ilitye ka-5, malunga ne-10 - kule Urals. Malunga nama-20 iibhulorho zisebenza eSt Petersburg ummandla iLeningrad, eMoscow namhlanje uhlala Iingqameko-4 kuphela ukunqumla. E North Caucasus Oku kumiswe ulwakhiwo lwezakhiwo. Nokuba e Dagestan, apho ukwakhiwa ibhulorho ilitye wanikwa kwindawo yokuqala kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo kwakukho izakhiwo ezitsha 3 kuphela. Kwaye uthi eRashiya ngokungeyomfuneko Iibhulorho ilitye ngokubuyisela i eziphathekayo metal nezakhiwo mveliso ngakumbi, yaye oku kusebenza kwimimandla zityebi kule eweni.

Gxwa elidlulileyo

Enye izakhiwo zokuqala kwi elikomkhulu lwakhiwe izitena nge Neglinka umlambo. Idibanisa amasango Emnye wenqaba ende yesicelo kunye Kutafia strelnitsa. Stone Bridge e Moscow ekuqaleni akukho iintsika neengqameko nge skimmer. Ngokutsho-mbali zabelin, isakhiwo ilitye yakhiwa ngo-1367, namhlanje iwela park - Alexandrovsky Garden.

Attraction capital Russian

ibhulorho ilitye elikhulu eMoscow kwakhiwa kude 1692. Emva koko kwathiwa All Saints. Noko ke, ukususela 1858 ibhulorho ilitye elikhulu ingqalelo ulwakhiwo kaloliwe yokuqala eMoscow. Ngenkulungwane ye-16, ukusuka ibhanki enye ukuya kwenye bawele kuphela "live" isikhitshane wakudala. Ngenkulungwane ye-17 ulwakhiwo kwebhulorho ilitye, ngo-1938 waba sele ngakumbi eziphathekayo, kodwa igama yahlala injalo. Kuba ukuba ingqinelane ngokupheleleyo igama, oko waphila kunye lenyengane.

Esicace yesicelo luvula kunye Bridge Stone kungabonwa ngasemva zokundwendwela Russian kubemi. Ukongeza kule yokwakha vo uMsindisi Kristu, Sofia, Prechistenskaya Bersenevskaya kunye manzi.

E Moscow, wakha kunye nezinye Iibhulorho ilitye bewela imifula kunye nemiwonyo. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-18 Kitai-Gorod kunye yesicelo kwangena izakhiwo ezimbini ngabantu - Spasskaya kunye Nikolskaya.

ibhulorho ilitye elikhulu eMoscow: 1680

De kwaba yinkulungwane ye-15 kwisiza loyilo mihla iye zokudada wokuweza. Kuphela ngo 1643 tsar uMikhail Fedorovich wanika ukuze baqale ukwakha ilitye lokuqala kwebhulorho. Zaza ukuba umninindlu eStrasbourg - Yagonu Kristleru. Wonke umsebenzi wokwakha kwi ulwakhiwo bhulorho ilitye ima emva kokufa wokumkani wizard sele igqityiwe zonke seal engaziwayo Russian ngo-1687. We ndibuye ndiyakhe 1692-m, waza wanikwa igama All Saints.

Stone Bridge umlibe zafikelela kwiimitha 170 kunye ububanzi ubuninzi - 22. Waba Iingqameko ezisibhozo, ezo eyenzelwe enkalweni izikhephe - kweminwe esiziimitha ezi-15. Elunxwemeni lasekhohlo uyakwazi ukungena ngamasango All Saints, kwelinye icala sokugqibezela dvushatrovym ibhulorho Tower zophondo.

Utshintsho ngo 1858

ibhulorho ilitye esihle wachithwa ngo-1858 kwaye bafaka kubude-amathathu metal (zokuqala eMoscow). Ngowe-1938, le ndawo design entsha, umsebenzi yinjineli Kalmykov Gelfreich abayili Shuko kunye Minkus. Ibhulorho laliziimitha 487 (esinamasango). Ekubeni inikeza iimbono omhle Cathedral kaKristu Msindisi kunye yesicelo, uze apha uyakwazi ukubona oqingqiweyo sesakhiwo "iNdlu eweni", ezenzelwe yi Iofana BM

wedding uhambe

ibhulorho ilitye elikhulu kwazi bonke abemi USSR kwizakhelo Chronicle ka eMoscow. Jonga le ndawo iye ayitshintshanga unanamhla kwaye jonga omkhulu kumfanekiso ijikelezisa kushada.

Ibhulorho luphawu ubunye, ngoko iifoto ezithathwe kule ndawo, baya sikhunjuzwa intsingiselo yegama. Cinga kakhulu ngayo ezifanayo. Bridge. kunxweme olungaphesheya. Ezimbini isiphelo kunye nentsapho.

bridge nelityana

ibhulorho nelityana enqumla a umjelo, ikwi kwindawo yesibini emva kokuba uBhishophu nokuqukuqela ijelo wezinto zakomkhulu. Esi sakhiwo ibekwe kwisithili Yakimanka, kwelinye icala omnye Serafimovich yesitalato nangapha - Big Glade.

ibhulorho ilitye Small yavulwa ngo 1938. Ubude bayo - eemitha 64 kunye ububanzi neemitha ezingama-40. Lo asinguye na isakhiwo yokuqala yakhiwe kwisiza. Ngaphambili, kwakukho ibhulorho apha, kugqitywa ngo-1788. Ngelo xesha, kwenziwe ngomthi yaye igama "Kozmodemyansk". Ngowe-1880 waba indawo kwebhulorho ilitye kunye negama elifanelekileyo.

Ngaphezu kuyilo mihla esebenza Yakovlev kunye Golbrodsky, kuba ixesha elithile apho wayekho tracks tram.

Iindawo ezinika umdla zotyelelo St. Petersburg

Ngowe-1752, umlambo Krivusha (namhlanje siyazi njengoko Griboyedov Canal) wakha ibhulorho yamaplanga kunye besandla elinye. Kamva Nazimov Injineli liqulunqe iprojekthi owelela entsha. Ngelo xesha yaba isakhiwo yokuqala eyenziwe ngamatye, ngoko wayibiza ngokuba Bridge Stone. St. Petersburg namhlanje ndoqhayisa eli zibuko, kungekho msebenzi peredelochnyh ayikhange yenziwe. Iinkcukacha kwebhulorho - ukusetyenziswa rustication diamond. Amaninzi angaqhelekanga lo mbono, ngoko uchaze kabanzi ukuba yintoni na. Phantsi rustication diamond lwenzelwe sisiya unyango ematyeni imilo yephiramidi-ezine shape- ubuso ngenxa ukhanye wokucoca ekhethekileyo kuqaqamba wadibana nabo ukuba kwelanga, okufana diamonds. Le ndlela isoloko isetyenziswa xa kusakhiwa, kodwa namhlanje kunqabile uya kubona apho. Stone Bridge (St. Petersburg) yayisakhiwa ezine semi-setyhula elihamba ekuhleni ukuya emanzini, nto leyo ngenkulungwane ye-19 basuswe.

Ngo-1880 kule ndawo eyayicwangciselwe kuhlaselwa 7 umlawuli. Amalungu iqela "Ukuthanda Abantu" phantsi kwebhulorho watyala ukuqhushumba ukuqhushumba umkhombe wokuweza, xa kwakuza kudlula buyo yokumkani phezu kwayo. Noko ke, eli linge zange umiselwe ukuba kwenzeke, kuba arhente amapolisa imfihlakalo isicwangciso ngendlela ngexesha, kunye noMlawuli Alexander II wawela ibhulorho ngaphambi kokuba afike kule ndawo the People. Ngowe-1881, ephuma izakhiwo isuswe iikhilogram 7 dynamite, kodwa sele kwenzekile emva kokufa komlawuli.

St. Petersburg - emzini kwo

UPetros iphumelele umlindi wamemeza imbali Russian. Kwenye idolophu, ezininzi icawa, amabhotwe, imithombo ezintle, iimyuziyam zobungangamela kunye neecawa.

St. Petersburg - umnini engundoqo zonke iintlobo zokunqumla, iziqithi kunye nemijelo. Xa nasemzini wakhe kukho izinto eziphathekayo, imisiwe, kunye Stone Bridge, apho iindwendwe chu. Zonke izakhiwo isisombululo ezizodwa. Umqukumbelo wenza ulunika ngokuphuma ethile. Kunye nokwakhiwa kwebhulorho nganye inxibelelene uhlobo oluthile ebalini. Oku kuchaza umnqweno yabatyeleli bancome obukhulu zentsimbi usebenzile.

Kakade ke, onke Bridges of St. Petersburg ukuchaza akwenzi ngqiqo. Noko kunjalo, ubuhle babo ayikwazi ufakwe ngamazwi. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iibhulorho ilitye libe ukukhukhumala kwisixeko yesibini eRashiya ngokwenene. Imbonakalo yokuqala iibhulorho ezifana impahla, Hermitage, Stone and Upper Swan, yaye namhlanje uhombise umzi.