Nolwakhiwo kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea ngokusebenzisa Kerch Strait

ehlotyeni uphelileyo, i-Russian Ministry of Energy basayina isivumelwano likarhulumente nolwakhiwo kwebhulorho namandla eCrimea. Price kwesivumelwano yaba engange 47.302 billion. Bridge i iseti iintambo kwakunye neentambo zothumelo ezihamba kunye sezitishana. Kuyimfuneko kuxhulumano ngamandla ukubonelela inkqubo eCrimea ukuya YO eRashiya. ukwakhiwa Gqiba kulindeleke ngo-2018 Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuthi ga ngoku la magama kudluliselwe 2016

ngokubekwa Iimpawu

Rostov NPP ezikhethiweyo ingongoma ephambili ukuxhumana kwiziko ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho karhulumente, njengoko amandla ibhulorho ukuya eCrimea. Ukwakhiwa friend luqhutywa ngokwamabakala eziliqela. Isiphelo Ingongoma isixeko Simferopol. Ukuze sibe ekhuselekileyo, kwi eCrimea luya kolulwa imigca eziliqela amandla ngaxeshanye. Ilizwe kuyabiza kakhulu yi "Rostov - Taman." Kuye kwakhiwa ukuze uphumelele. Enye kwimimandla Wasolula ngpaha komzantsi i-Gulf of Kerch. Ukuze sikagesi "Vyshesteblevskaya" imigca zothumelo ombane yokusebenza ye 220-500 kV. Okulandelayo iza umgca ka-220 kV.

Qala ibhulorho

Ukusebenza umgca omtsha amandla wavunywa ngo December 2015 yeSibini of eCrimea waqalisa ukufumana umbane Russia. ibhulorho wakha baba abemi lizwe emva kokuba amandla yaye kuvalwe phezu inxalenye isipho Ukrainian ngokwenene iintsuku uNyaka oMtsha. November 22, 2015 ngenxa ngabom olwenziwe isizwe kumgca "Kakhovskaya - Ostrovsky" yaye "Kakhovka - eDzhankoy", iindawo ezininzi eCrimea ziye de-akukhuthalele ngokupheleleyo. Kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi koko sele yasha kunye iipayiloni Melitopol - eDzhankoy kunye Kakhovskaya - Titan. Buyisela nako ukuxhasa kuba sinamafu iindlela ukuya ababelwa ngayo "kwicandelo ekunene".

Xa kuvulwa LEP baya kuquka Russian uMongameli Vladimir Putin. Athwala imisebenzi ukwakha Krymenergo. Ukuqaliswa kwe-ibhulorho eCrimea amandla ukuxhomekeka of Ukraine unyamalele ngokupheleleyo.

Okwangoku, umbane luyasuka iPeninsula for Imisonto ezimbini ukulungele umgca yokudlulisela ukwakhiwa ngexesha irekhodi. Ukongeza, ekwakhiweni ujingi ngokupheleleyo i ibhulorho ukuze eCrimea lwamandla sesibini isigaba - ekubetheni yesithathu neyesine. Ukugweba iingxelo eendaba, umsebenzi wenziwe ngexesha yaye ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo imiqathango eboniswe nguMongameli we-Russian Federation. Usungulo isigaba sesibini kwebhulorho kulindeleke ukuba ibe ngo-Apreli-Meyi 2016

okunika umdla

Ngexesha lamalungiselelo nolwakhiwo energy kwebhulorho iPeninsula ka eCrimea phezu ummandla wayo nokubekwa zakudala zamaqula lwenziwa. Ngenxa yoko, izazinzulu abeyifumene i amphora le BC kwenkulungwane yesihlanu. Nezitsala umdla kuqwalaselwa ukuba isitya yafunyanwa ezaliswe into ngaphezu ioli. zifakwe ezinjalo afumaneka ekusingasiqithi ngaphambili. Noko ke, loo maxhoba ayethunyelwa kwixesha elizayo.

Njengoko kunokubonwa yemihla, kumaxesha amandulo, ioli yayisetyenziswa ukukhanyisa. Wagidima ke izibane endaweni ioli. Ngamanye amaxesha i-oyile esetyenzisiweyo kule ngemipu ognemetatelnyh. Ukongezelela, oko waphathwa nezifo yesikhumba iinkomo. Ilizwe apho abakhi zokuhambisa umbane ngoNovemba kunyaka ophelileyo (yokuhlala yesithili Ilichevka) Amphora, wafunyanwa parameters.

kuqala kwiinto zonke,

Kakade ke, abemi belo lizwe, yaye baseRashiya abaninzi abanomdla umbuzo ka yokwakha ngayo ibhulorho amandla oluqhutywa eCrimea. Okwangoku, ezimbini NITC le nxalenye omtsha Russia lifumana malunga 450 MW. Ngelishwa, imiqulu ezinjalo kuhlawula kuphela ishishini ubuncinane ayimfuneko iCrimea kunye nombane yoluntu. Thelekisa: kule minyaka mithathu idlulileyo usingasiqithi ebusika osetyenzisiweyo 1200-1290 kW. Ngoko ke umbuzo yobonelelo ethembekileyo lombane eCrimea kusenjalo efanelekileyo. Ngokuphathelele koku, kwaye ukhuthaza into yokuba Inqanaba lesibini sokwakha kwishedyuli.

Uhlela Kerch Strait

Ukwenzela ukunciphisa ixesha ukubeka bhulorho, eRashiya wacela uncedo kumazwe amaninzi. Noko ke, yonke saliwe ngenxa izohlwayo, iqalwa eUnited States. Bavuma ukuxhasa ulwakhiwo kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea kuphela Chinese. Iingcingo ezihamab phantsi kwi emazantsi Kerch Strait kwakukho iinqanawa ezimbini. Ekubeni umsele lokuqala luyenziwa. Ukusebenza kunye isitya yesibini, ngokulandelelana, wabeka le ntambo. Ngenxa kwizenzo ngabom kwafuneka ukukhawulezisa ulwakhiwo kwebhulorho. Kodwa iinkampani ezikhokelela pad musa usihlise ngayo, kunye nonyaka omtsha Crimeans kufikelelwe kuwo iibhalbhu ukukhanya endaweni yekhandlela.

utshintsho kwamanzi iquka imigca ezine USB 4 nganye. Noko ke, ezintathu kuzo zokusebenza (ngasinye isigaba) kwaye enye reserve. Wabeka inguqulelo emantla lexinene. Nzulu emingxunyeni yi-2.5 m, umgama phakathi iintambo -. 10 ubude m yinguqu iyonke - 13 480 leemitha.

Ekuqaleni bekucingelwa ukwakhiwa kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea ngokusebenzisa Kerch Strait ayikho ngaphantsi kwamanzi. Mna kuqwalaselwa ukhetho of ngokubekwa imigca ezihamba. Noko ke, bamkela le projekthi wayengekho. Izizathu zibe isixa esikhulu kakhulu umsebenzi, kwakukho isakhiwo eside kunye unreliability yomgca enjalo. Kwakhona lo msebenzi umgca guards kwafuneka ukuba kushiywa ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu ulondolozo kunye yokuthumela imiqobo yayo.

Isigaba sesibini sale bhulorho

Ngenxa bekusungulwa iintambo zothumelo yesithathu neyesine ngemisonto ekusingasiqithi ziya kusiwa 800 umthamo kW. Ngenxa yoko, i-eCrimea uya kufumana inkululeko ngokupheleleyo amandla. Zokulindela kwixesha elitsha holide, Kakade, ngeke kodwa nemihlali. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phezu usingasiqithi kokwakhiwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo amandla akhe ukuba esenzelwe ukuthwala ngoku sele ngqo kubathengi.

Ngeli xesha malunga nomsebenzi owenziwa ekwakhiweni emgceni umgca transmission yesibini, ukuhamba zothumelo yemveliso kunciphisa ngamathuba athile. Ngomboleki lonke elo lizwe cishe akukho isiphumo. Kodwa ugesi azenzeki.

izinto ezisisiseko kwebhulorho

Ukuntsonkotha skim kungekabekwa umsebenzi - le nto kakhulu ubonakalise amandla ibhulorho ukuya eCrimea. ukwakhiwa kwayo luqhutywa ngokwamabakala. Ekugqibeleni, umgca lombane, sibalekela ukusuka Kuban ukuya eCrimea, zibandakanya iindawo iphambili ilandelayo:

• Ilayini esuka Rostov NPP ukuya Taman "Rostov - Vyshesteblievskaya" km 500

• Umgca "Kuban - Vyshesteblievskaya". Ubude bayo ngu 175,7 km, umthamo - 1665 MW.

• iintambo ezimbini imigca phezulu kwi eentsontelo zombini 'Taman' - kuhlinzwa "kunye Taman - Reed-Burunsky.

• LEP Kafa - Simferopol.

Zonke ezi imigca kunye yaye bamele amandla ibhulorho ukuya eCrimea. Building (iifoto ukuqinisekisa ukuba) into yokuba omkhulu eyahlukileyo ngokwenene. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, ingongoma eyintloko lwelayini uqhagamshelo eCrimea waba yesitishana "Taman".

Kwakhona PS "Kuban" uya kwakhiwa. Kwi usingasiqithi iingongoma kokuxhuma zezi:

• PS "Reed-Burun" kufuphi Kerch.

• PS "Kafa" kufuphi Feodosia. Pre amandla ayo ka-220 MVA. Kwixesha elizayo, kuya kufuneka ziphuculwe ukuya 330 MW.

• PS "Feodosiya".

• PS "Simferopol".

iindleko

Ngoko ke, ngeli xesha lo esisiseko nesisombululo iCrimea ngxaki kunye nombane ngamandla friend eCrimea. ukwakhiwa kwayo, ke, loo nto ibiza kakhulu. Xa iyonke, njengoko uqikelelo lokuqala kuphuhliso iprojekthi yokubonelela umbane eCrimea kuya kuchitha malunga 47-49 billion engange. Kulo mzekelo, ulwakhiwo kanye kwebhulorho ukuba kwabelwa malunga ne-14 ezigidi. Njengoko kaMatshi 2016 bakhi inkampani ukubeka ekuqaleni parameters izicelo zemali kufanelekile.

Ngelishwa, eRashiya kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuhlawula kuphela iqhezu iindleko zokwakha. Phantsi yesivumelwano yangoku "Ukrinterenergo", kuphazamise unikezelo lombane-siqithi, linyanzelekile ukuba ukuhlawula isohlwayo kusilela ukunika. Bayo kukuthi-20% ye-wamnika igunya. Ngokutsho iirhafu ekhoyo, imali yokugqibela isohlwayo uya kuba ngaphezu kwe-12 lezigidi engange.

Umakhi

Njani nolwakhiwo kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea - kuyaqondakala. Isantya ngokubekwa imigca ezintsha zothumelo ziye olukhawulezisiweyo kakhulu. Ngubani onoxanduva kule projekthi? Ekuqaleni kwakhiwe ibhulorho amandla ngaphesheya Kerch Strait ezibangelwa ziinkampani ezine. Emva koko, isicelo of "Gidroelektromontazh" kunye JSC "GlobalElektroServis" elahlwa kuba akukho uyangqinelana neemfuno ukhuphiswano. Isiphumo washiya contenders ezimbini ukwakhiwa: inkampani "Tekhnopromexport" (ephethwe yi "Rostec") kunye "Stroytransgaz", umnini yayo nguMnu Timchenko. Imisebenzi phakathi kwabo zaqhutywa ngokwemizuzu yezigidi 5.5 engange. Umphumo waba unokontraka enye niseka ukuba ufakelo into ebalulekileyo ezifana amandla ibhulorho ukuya eCrimea. Ngubani na oya kwakha umgca transmission ke, sagqiba ekubeni kwintengiso. Umakhi lwakhethwa "Tekhnopromexport".

Isityalo esitsha mandla eCrimea

Kakade ke, nolwakhiwo kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea kuya ukusombulula ezininzi iingxaki lalo lamandla ombane. Noko ke, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba lo ngumlinganiselo wexeshana. Ngokuba epheleleyo kwaye ethembekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno umbane lizwe kuphela efunekayo ukuphuhlisa kwinethiwekhi yayo.

Ukususela ekupheleni kuka-2015 kweli eCrimea, ulwakhiwo izityalo mn ezintsha ezimbini. umthamo wazo uya kuba 980 MW. Omnye wabo isekelwe kwi Simferopol, omnye - e Sevastopol. Kuthathwa ukuba anikwe kwebhulorho kunye namandla mn elitsha aya kufikelela kwiimfuno lombane eCrimea nge impindezelo. Ngalinye ephehla ezintsha ezimbini kuya kufuneka iyunithi 2. Iidrafti ezi zinto zibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zakutshanje kunye nobuchwepheshe yakutshanje. Zombini ezi zikhululo ziya kuba kahle eliphezulu kakhulu. Yezizathu ukwakha izibonelelo ezibalulekileyo eCrimea ziya kugqitywa ngo-2018

uphuhliso energy eCrimea

Nolwakhiwo kwebhulorho amandla eCrimea ngokusebenzisa Kerch Strait kunye mn uya ukusombulula ingxaki engundoqo ekunikeni Peninsula umbane. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwezi zinto Kucetywa ukwakha izityalo amandla ngakumbi kwaye ezincinci ngakumbi (TPP). Baya kwakhiwa kwiindawo ezinemfuno ebangwa kakhulu. Kwakhona kuphuhliso eCrimea nkqubo Incorporated ukwakha avuselelwayo energy zakhiwo.

Isizukulwana luya kukhula ngeendleko kwemali federal (ne ukubuya). Iiprojekthi uphuhliso TPP sizotywe ukulindela ikakhulu abatyali mali Turkish. Noko ke, malunga nokuba ingaba kukho naziphi na izindululo ezithile kweli cala, abasemagunyeni akuxelwa. Kodwa wavela kutshanje ulwazi malunga kubatyali-Russian. In Dzhankojsky neengingqi Sea Black yelizwe ukwakha inkampani izityalo amandla thermal "Energosovet". umbane yezizathu ziya kuveliswa izityalo cogeneration gazoproshnevyh umthamo we-24 ne-16 MW. Ixabiso elipheleleyo zombini iiprojekthi ngu 2.24 billion engange. baya kubeka ukusebenza, mhlawumbi kwikota yesithathu ka-2016

Iskimu unikezelo lwamandla eyahlukileyo ngexesha leeholide

Energy ibhulorho ukuya eCrimea (waqala ukwakha, uya kukhumbula ukuba, ngo-2015) yi ehlotyeni, mhlawumbi, iza kuba ukulungele. Okwangoku, uRhulumente losingasiqithi liqulunqe umyalelo amandla unikezele iindawo zonxweme ngexesha duko ehlotyeni abakhenkethi. Abanini zokulala, iihotele, kwaye nkqu i mini-iihotele ezimiselweyo ukuze kuqukunjelwe imvumelwano with "Krymenergo" ebonisa amandla afunekayo ukusebenza ngexesha leeholide. Kuphuhliso yenkqubo unikezelo amandla kumaziko ezempilo kunye medical kulindeleke ukuba abeke kuqala izinto umntwana. Ngokuyamkela holiday-abenzi, kuquka abo bavela eRashiya, usingasiqithi ubalungiselela ngocoselelo. Ukususela kummandla Krasnodar apha mzuzu elifikeleleka kuphela ngeenqanawa. Kodwa kungekudala usingasiqithi naphesheya Kerch Strait ziza kwakhiwa kunye ibhulorho njengesiqhelo izithuthi kunye uloliwe / kaloliwe.

Ngoko ke, impendulo yombuzo xa amandla ibhulorho iya kwakhelwa eCrimea, ucacile. Ngu lowe-2016, eli ziko liya kubekwa ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza. Kwi usingasiqithi uya kuyeka r wawuphela umbane, kwaye inkampani le iya kwi ngokupheleleyo.