I-Verkhoturye: ukubonakala kweso sixeko. Iintempile zaseVerkhoturye

Ukuba i-capital ye-Urals ibizwa ngokuba yi-Ekaterinburg, ngoko ke umnqweno wokomoya ngu-Verkhoturye. Izinto ezikulo mzi zizona iicawa kunye neendwendwe. Iipilgri ezivela kulo lonke elaseRashiya zifuna le ndawo. Kukho isixeko kwisithili saseSverdlovsk kumlambo iToure.

Inxalenye ethile yembali

Kwakukho ukuhlaliswa kwimizuzu eyi-1597 ekude. Enyanisweni, kwaziwa ukuba ngaphambili kwinqanaba elifanayo leBabinov kwakukho idolophu yaseVogul ebizwa ngokuba nguNeromkar, kodwa ngelo xesha yayishiyiwe. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu elinamanci mahlanu eVerkhoturye yayiyinqaba enkulu kwiSiberia. I-1600 yaphawulwa liziko lamasiko. Ngoku ulapha, nazo zonke iimpahla ziqokelele imisebenzi. Oku kwafaka isandla ekuphuculeni ngokukhawuleza kwesi sixeko kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zamatye amahle.

Ngomnyaka we-1763, amasiko apheliswa, apho, njengokuba ucinga ukuba, awunayo impembelelo engcono ekuphuhlisweni kwesi sixeko. Nangona kunjalo, sele sele ikhona iindwendwe ezintle kakhulu ziqhayisa uVerkhoturye. Iimpawu, ezithatha abaninzi abatyelelo namhlanje, zazikho kwikhulu le-18. Makhe sithethe ngazo ngokubanzi iinkcukacha.

I Kremlin

Ukwakhiwa kwelitye iVerkhotursky Kremlin yaqala ngo-1699 ngokwemigomo kaPetros I. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba yincinci kunazo zonke kuzo zonke i-Kremlin zaseRashiya, kwaye yabekwa i-pension eyodwa, xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iinqaba.

Njengokuba ekuqaleni i-Kremlin yayiyinkokheli yokulawula kwesi sixeko, kwaye ngoku iofisi ye-registry, idolophu yeduma kunye neminye imibutho yintsimi yayo. Kodwa ukukhangela apha yiCathedral yeZiqu zintathu. Kwakuye kuye kwakhiwa ukwakhiwa kweKremlin, kwaye emva koko, iindonga kunye neendwangu ze-Streltsa bells zafakwa. Ngokumalunga netempile, siya kukuxelela kamva. Enye into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele yinto enomdla. Inyaniso kukuba ngaphantsi kukaPeter mna kwakungavunyelwe ukwakha izakhiwo zamatye kumaziko karhulumente. Kodwa i-Verkhoturye ingabizwa ngokuba ngumzi ongaphandle, kunye neSt. Petersburg kunye neTobolsk.

ICawa Elintathu Elintathu

Sekunjalo ngowe-1598 ibandla lokuqala (ukhuni) lakhiwa egameni loBuqu-zintathu boBomi. Ewe, ilitye lokuqala le-cathedral lafakwa ngo-1703. Ummiselo wakhutshwa nguPetros I, kwaye iintsikelelo zokwakha zanikwe nguMetropolitan Philobey waseSiberia naseTobolsk. Umsebenzi waqhubeka de kube ngu-1709. Kwindawo yesithili saseSverdlovsk yileli bandla elidala kunabo bonke.

I-cathedral yakhiwe kwisitayela saseBosco saseBaroque. I-airy, ukukhanya, kunye nokukhanyisa okuhlanu. Isisombululo esingaqhelekanga sakhiwo senza ukuba sikhetheke. Ithempeli "i-octagon kwizine", elinekhanda elihlanu, elibandakanya izahluko ezongezelelweyo ezine ezihlangothini zehlabathi, kunye nendawo enye.

Iqonga eliyinhloko lalingcweliswa ngo-1709, ngo-Ephreli 16. Umbuso onguZiqu-zintathu lweCathedral, njengabanye abaninzi, uvalwe. Iinkonzo zikaThixo azizange zenziwe apha ukususela ngowe-1932, izakhiwo zatshatyalaliswa ngokuthe ngcembe. Yonke into yabuyela kwisiqhelo ngo-1998. Kwakukho kulo nyaka ukuba inkonzo yokuqala kaThixo yabanjwa apha kwakhona. Azikho ezinye iithempelesi zaseVerkhoturye ezenza imisakramenti yemitshato kunye nokubhaptizwa, kuba yonke i-monastic, kwaye apha ibanjwe. Kukho nakakhulu imifanekiso ehloniphekileyo kwikedareli: i-icon ethi "I-Chalice engapheliyo", imifanekiso yeyona ingcwele yeTheotokos yaseKazan (inkulungwane ye-18) kunye novuko lukaKristu (incwadi kaNevyansk). Ithempeli liyabonwa yi-UNESCO njengenye yeempawu eziqingqiweyo zezakhiwo zehlabathi.

ISt. Nicholas Monastery

E-Verkhoturye, iindwendwe esizichazayo, zizona zikhulu kwi-monastery yase-Middle-Urals Orthodox yaseTurkey-St. Nicholas. Yayisekwa ngo-1604 yi-hieromonks yasePoshekhonya. Nangona kunjalo, i-monastery yaziwa kuphela emva kweminyaka eyi-100. NgoSeptemba 12, 1704, iimpahla zikaSt. Simeon zagqithiselwa apha eMerkushino. Emva koko, intsimi yeendwendwe yayingqonge ngeendonga zamatye, kwaye yakha namatempile amnandi amatye.

I-St. Nicholas Cathedral eVerkhoturye ivaliwe ngokufika kwamaKomanisi. Lapha kwafakwa ikoloni yabantwana. Iimpendulo zikaSimon Verkhotursky zithunyelwa kumyuziyam, kwaye kuphela kwi-90 ye-XX leminyaka babuyiselwa kuma-Orthodox amaKristu. Namhlanje bahlala kwiCatedralral of the Exhibition of the Monastery.

Ngelishwa, iBandla laseSt. Nicholas, eliphambili kwi-monastery, alilondoloze kude kube namhlanje, kodwa ngoku kukho ezinye iicawa kwintsimi yayo: i-Holy Cross Cathedral, iSimeon-Anninskaya kunye neCawa yokuTshintshiselwa kweSango.

INgcwele Cross Cathedral

I-Verkhoturye ilungele ukudumo kulo lonke elaseRashiya. Nantsi icawa yesithathu enkulu kunazo zonke kweli lizwe - liyakwazi ukuhlala malunga nabantu abayi-4 amawaka. Uvuma kuphela kwi-St. Isaac Cathedral yaseSt. Petersburg kunye neKathhedral kaKristu uMsindisi, oseMoscow. Isiseko saso siqala ngo-1905-1913. Ukuvulwa kwetempile kwathatha ixesha eli-300 leminyaka yezindlu zaseRomanovs. Ilinde ngeli xesha kwiVerkhoturye noNicholas II, kodwa wayengenakuza.

I-kedareli yakhiwe kwisitayela saseRussia-Byzantine. Ngetempileni yayo eyona mkhulu yahlanjululwa ngowe-1913, ngoSeptemba 11, kwicala lesobunxele-i-chapel ngoMeyi 27 wonyaka olandelayo, kunye ne-chapel efanelekileyo ngomhla kaSeptemba 10 wonyaka we-16 wenkulungwane ye-20. I-earthenware ye-clay iconostases (ezintathu) ecaweni yatshatyalaliswa ngexesha lamaSoviet, kwaye yabuyiselwa ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20-ngo-1998.

ISimeono-Anninskaya Gate Church

Ithempeli lakhiwa ngo-1856 kwindlela yaseAsia. Ekuqaleni kwakuyakhiwo esinezitezi ezimbini kunye neengqungquthela ezinobunqamlezo kunye nokuhamba ngebhayibhile ngendlela yesiganeko. I-quadrilateral yokukhanya yayiye yaqhawula iikona, kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yayingu-anyion glaucosa. Eyongezwa ngomhlobiso wokuhlobisa ifomu, kufuphi neyakhiwo yokwakhiwa kweklasi, kwaye ngaphakathi kwecawa yahlotshiswe nge-iconostasis ezimbini. Iinkonzo zikaThixo zabanjelwa apha ngokungafanekiyo, kuba igumbi elincinci lingahlala kwiindawo ezincinci. Inyaniso efanayo kwaye yasebenza njengesizathu sokuba ngo-1904 ibandla lapheliswa, kwaye isakhiwo saqala ukusetyenziswa njenge-sacristy.

Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, ukubuyiselwa kwetempile eVerkhoturye kwaqaliswa kwi-90 ye-20 leminyaka. Ifoto yesimo sawo sesimanje sibonisa ubukhulu babo nobuhle obuhle. ISiyonon-Anninsky Church yayiyinye yeyokuqala kumgca wezakhiwo eziza kubuyiselwa. Sekude ngo-Oktobha 18, yavuselelwa, yahlanjululwa. Ekuqaleni, iinkonzo zikaThixo zenziwa rhoqo, kodwa kamva, xa ezinye iicawa zabuyiselwa, ngaphezulu, i-liturgy yenziwa kuphela ngoMvulo.

Icawa yoTshintsho

Phakathi kweMyuziyam yoOthodoki kunye neChurch Cross Church yi- Church Transfiguration. Umhla xa wawubekiwe, - Agasti 28, 1821. Umsebenzi wokwakha ngokugqibeleleyo wagqitywa kuphela ngowe-1829, nangona bekucetywayo ukuba abayi kuthatha ngaphezu kweminyaka emine. Kwiminyaka emashumi alandelayo, ibandla laphuculiswa.

Ukususela ngo-1868, umzimba woMbhishophu omkhulu waseVerkhoturye kunye ne-Perm, uMninzi uMfundisi uNeophyte, ulapha. Ngomnyaka olandelayo, i-grate kunye ne-plaque ngolwazi malunga nomhla wokufa kwakhe lahlelwa phezu kwengcwaba. Imifanekiso yecawa yombhishobhi omkhulu ifakwe kwi-kiot encinci, esekwe eludongeni, ngo-1877.

Ngaphantsi kwamaKomanisi, icawa yayisebenza njengendlela yokuzivocavoca kwabasebenzi beekholoni. Iitempile zaseVerkhoturye zabuyiselwa ukusuka ngonyaka wama-1990. Imisebenzi kwi-side-chapel ephezulu yeCawa yokuTshintshiselwa iphelile ngo-1992. Agasti 8, wahlanjululwa. Iintlanzi zelilungelo likaSimon zahanjiswa apha ngoSeptemba 25. Inxalenye yecandelo le-rect of church yagqitywa ngokupenda ngo-1994, kwaye kwiminyaka engama-4 i-belfry yakhiwe kwakhona. Iimpendulo zikaSimeon Verkhotury ngo-2006 zadluliselwa kwi-Holy Cross Cathedral.

I-Pokrovsky Monastery

I-Pokrovsky i- Monastery yabesifazane (iVerkhoturye) yasungulwa ngo-1621. Yona yokuhlala enkulu kunazo zonke kwabasetyhini kwi-Trans-Urals. Itholakala ngaphantsi kweSt. Nicholas Monastery ngexesha leTyelelo. Ekuqaleni, yayilungiselelwe kakuhle - yakhiwe, yakhuliswa ngenxa yenkxaso evela kumgcinimafa karhulumente. Kwintsimi yeendwendwe kwii-17-18 zeenkulungwane, kwakhiwa amasonto asibhozo. Izakhiwo ezenziwe ngamatye zonakaliswe ngaphezu kweyodwa ngomlilo, kwada kwaphakathi kwangekhulu le-18 zakhiwa kwakhona kwilitye.

Kwiminyaka engama-64 yekhulu le-18 i-monasteri yachithwa, kwaye yakhiwa kwakhona emva kweminyaka eyi-100. Kwixesha lamaSoviet, kwakukho intandane kwintsimi yayo. I-Intercession Church, ngoku isebenza ngamandla, yaguqulwa yaba yindlu yokuhlambela kunyaka wama-25. Yabuye yahlanjululwa ngo-1996. Nantsi imifanekiso ye-Blessed Cosmas.

Isakhiwo esiphezulu se-monasteri isithonjana "Uthando". Olu luhlu luvela kummandla we-Serafimo-Diveevskaya oyimangaliso. Umfanekiso we-Intercession ye-Virgin Virgin, ebudongeni beChurch Intercession, yayipapashwe ngamaxesha amaninzi ngexesha lokulawula kooKomanisi, kodwa ngexesha ngalinye labonakala kwakhona.

IMbali yoMlando weMbali

Imbali enomdla iVerkhoturye. Iimpawu zeso sixeko azikho kuphela iithempeli kunye neendwendwe, kunye ne-Museum ye-Lore. Ngomnyaka we-1913 indlu yeenkuni yeendwendwe ezizukileyo zakhiwe kufuphi nelamanzi laseKalachik. Njengoko sele kukhankanywe, ngeli xesha uNicholas II kulindeleke ukuba afike. Yena kunye nentsapho yakhe, wakha inqaba. Into ephawulekayo, akukho sikhonkwane esisodwa esasetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwayo.

Ngelishwa, isakhiwo sonakaliswe kakhulu emlilweni ngo-2010. Imibukiso yemyuziyamu yahanjiswa ekugcinweni kwithuba elithile.

Isiphelo

Yiza kwisixeko esihle kakhulu - Ukutyhila. Izinto ezichazwe kwinqaku akuzona zonke izinto ezinokumangalisa kwaye zikholise iindwendwe. Kwi-Aktay zaimke kukho umthombo onika ubomi. Amanzi avela kuwo acingwa njengamangalisa ngokwenene. Unokuhlamba apha ngasiphi na ixesha.