GDP yangempela

Uyazi njani ukuba uqoqosho kunye nezoqoqosho njani ilizwe liqhuba njani imisebenzi yalo? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukubala imisebenzi yayo kwixesha elithile? Kakade, oku kunokwenzeka. Ngenxa yale njongo, ukubaluleka kwemveliso emveliso yasekhaya (GDP) kusetyenziswa kwi-macroeconomics.

I-GDP ixabiso lemarike zentengiso yeenkonzo kunye neempahla ezijoliswe ekusebenziseni ukuphela kwaye zenziwe ngexesha elithile kwintsimi yelizwe elinikeziweyo. Kukho utyunjwa, kunye ne-GDP yangempela. Masiqwalasele ezi ngcaciso ezibalulekileyo ngokubanzi.

I-GDP yegama eliyi-Indicator lilinganisa ixabiso lentengo ehlanganisiweyo kumaxabiso enkcitho ebonwa kubalo. Iguquka minyaka yonke. Kukho izizathu ezibini zezi. Okokuqala, ixabiso lemarike leenkonzo kunye neempahla ziyahluka. Okwesibini, umthamo womzimba wokuvelisa ukhula, okanye, ngokuthe ngqo, uyawa. Ngokomzekelo, ngeli xesha amaxabiso kuzo zonke iindidi zeenkonzo kunye neempahla sele ziphindwe kabini. Ngenxa yoko, i-GDP ekhethiweyo iphindwe kabini, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba uqoqosho lusebenze bhetele kwaye luphumelele ngeli xesha. Ukuze ukwahlula utshintsho kwi-GDP eyenzeka ngenxa yokwanda nokwehla kwamanani, i-GDP yangempela yavela kwiinguqu ze-GDP ezihambelana ngqo neziphumo. Ukuze ufumane le xabiso, kubalulekile ukwenza ezinye izibalo.

I-GDP yangempela ibonakaliso esilinganisa ubuninzi bempahla kunye neenkonzo eziveliswe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokuqikelela zonke iimveliso eziveliswe kumaxesha amabini ngamaxabiso angamaxesha onke. Oko kukuthi, ukubalwa kwe-GDP kumbuzo kwenza kube lula ukuthabatha umthamo.

I-GDP yangempela inceda ukuqonda ukuba imeko yezoqoqosho iye yaphucula okanye yenzeke ngaphezu konyaka. Umzekelo, kubalulekile ukuthelekisa imilinganiselo ye-GDP ngo-2011 no-2012. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka ukwandise umthamo wazo zonke iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ngamnye ngonyaka ngamanani abo ngo-2011. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ubone ukukhula kwangempela kwimveliso.

Ukubalwa kwe-GDP yangempela kungafumaneka ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukwahlula i-GDP ebizwa ngokuba yixabiso le- deflator ye- GDP okanye isalathisi samaxabiso e -GDP. Nazi izibalo ezongezelelweyo ziya kufuneka. I-deflator ye-GDP i-analog ye-CPI ( index index price). Ikuvumela ukuba ufumane utshintsho kwixabiso lemveliso eyingxenye ye-GDP. Ukubalwa kwe-deflator kufuna ukukhethwa kolunye uhlobo lweenkonzo kunye neempahla. Isethi ibandakanya, ukongeza kwixabiso lebhakethi yomthengi, iinzuzo ezithengwa ngu rhu lumente, iimveliso ezijikelezayo kwimarike yehlabathi, iimpahla zokutyala. I-deflator ye-GDP, ngokungafani ne-CPI, isekelwe kwisakhiwo samanje sophuhliso. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba abahlukumeli beminyaka eyahlukileyo abanakuqhathaniswa, kuba babonisa iiseti ezahlukeneyo zeenzuzo.

Oko kukuthi, ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunokuthiwa i-GDP yangempela yi-GDP, "ihlambulukileyo" kwimpembelelo yenguqu yexabiso. Masinike umzekelo. Inani lokunyuka kwamaxabiso lalingama-15%, kwaye i-GDP ekhethiweyo yenyuka ngama-20%. Ngoko, i-GDP yangempela ikhule ngo-5%. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ifomula esetyenziswe kule mzekelo ingasetyenziselwa kuphela kwizinga eliphantsi lokutshintsha, oko kukuthi, ngezinga elincinci lokunyuka kwamaxabiso.

Masiqwalasele ngokubanzi iinkcukacha eziphambili ezimele zikhunjulwe xa zibala i-GDP. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimveliso ezijoliswe ekupheleni kokusetyenziswa. Oko kukuthi, kubala akubonakali iimpahla eziphakathi. Umzekelo, xa ubandakanya ekubaleni kwe-GDP iindleko zemoto, akudingeki ukuba ngokwahlukileyo uhlole ixabiso leevili zalo.

Xa kubalwa i-GDP, iinkonzo kunye neempahla ezenziweyo kwixesha eliqwalaselwe ngqalelo ziqwalaselwa. I-GDP ikwixabiso lentengiso. I-GDP ibandakanya kuphela ezo nkonzo kunye neempahla eziveliswa kwintsimi yelizwe elinikeziweyo.