Esibayeni izimvu: isakhiwo, isimo, iinkqubo intaba, ingakumbi

Izimvu yokukhwabusha evela kwixesha orogeny, kwaye ibekwe eSiberia. Eli gama yaqaliswa komhlaba Shatsky kwi banesifo zenkulungwane lokugqibela imbeko echibini eponymous, ngenxa yokuba ngelo xesha, le yinxalenye mmandla kwasekwa.

Malunga nokuqulunqwa kunye neempawu ukusonga ithi eli nqaku. Ulwazi kuya kukunceda ukufunda okungakumbi ngale ndawo yokuba lo mhlaba.

Isakhiwo ukusonga

Le nkqubo ngomphetho akhiwa ngokudibana kwiingingqi ezimbini - i izimvu kunye Yenisei. It unamalungu zangaphandle nezangaphakathi, kwaye lisebenza umda phakathi zone ubaleka ukusuka kwelo chibi ke emlanjeni nomama. ummandla izimvu ukusonga zahlulwe zibe ngaphandle kunye nezo ziphuma ngaphakathi. Le yokugqibela zibandakanya izinto izityebi ematyeni mandulo.

iimpawu

Olona phawu ephambili izimvu System Songa kukuba kwabunjwa ixesha elide (lonke yokugqibela Proterozoic), kunye namaphecana zayo zifumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi Urals, Taimyr, Kazakhstan, neCaucasus, Iran, Tien shan kunye nabanye. Ukongeza, baykality eqhelekileyo kwezinye iindawo zomhlaba. Umzekelo, eFransi, eIndiya, North America kunye Australia. Noko ke, kule kwimimandla na, kunoko, analogs zabo (Kadoma, minaaskaya, musgravidy). Izimvu phinda "lihlanganisa 'yaye inxalenye Brazil, ibekwe kunxweme kuLwandle Olubomvu.

Xa ixesha kumaqonga ezininzi baicalensis tectogenetic ke, njengoko ngenxa Nemiqela ziitectonic plates, leyo kamva waqalisa ukugcwalisa nobuninzi ludaka zeengxondorha. Ngenxa ukubhola kunye nophando imisebenzi kwinkalo Geophysics, ezi vee sele zifumaneka kwezinye kumaqonga - i-East yaseYurophu kunye Siberian. Nkqu kumazantsi eli emhlabeni (kwiindawo Antarctic), oku kwasekwa iqonga yokukhwabusha, waba iinkqubo nentlenga kunye ngemagnethi.

le nkqubo

iintaba, nto leyo eye izimvu yokukhwabusha, iquka inxalenye osemazantsi eSiberia. Ezi ziquka Trans-izimvu kunye nommandla izimvu, nto leyo Olekma kweleentaba ezichaphazelekayo Amathafa (Vitim, izimvu) kunye uplands (Charskaya, Patom kunye Severobaikalsk). La malungu zixhomekeke glaciation. Apha ezise- iintaba ephantsi nezihlambo, aphezu fault lines.

Inani elikhulu yokutyeba zendalo zamanzi Songa. Uncedo indlela ekhethekileyo ukuba kule nkqubo kukho amasimi ezahlukeneyo (umzekelo, ikopolo, imetyhuri, igolide, nebhekile, izinc kunye nabanye). Ke kaloku, njengokuba igama lixela, le ingaka ibatsalayo ibalulekileyo apha kukuba i Lake izimvu, nto leyo njengesilinda Crescent. Le ibekwe kwi izimvu entabeni umqolo, engqongwe macala onke ezintabeni. Namathafa kwezi ndawo kunye nomtsalane kubakhenkethi.

chibi zamanzi

Izimvu elisongiweyo - ngokwenene indawo ekhethekileyo. Ukuba kukho omnye kuphela edikeni, ngaye kwathiwa ephakamileyo kancinane. Ubude bayo kungaphezu kwe amathandathu, anamakhulu km, kwaye ummandla opheleleyo kuthatha indawo ngaphezu kwamawaka amathathu kweemitha square. km. Njengoko yaziwe ngabantu abaninzi, oko ngokunzulu ehlabathini. Kwezinye iindawo ayafika kubunzulu kweekhilomitha ngaphezu enye enesiqingatha, kwaye ukuba singathatha ixabiso umlinganiselo amalunga namakhulu asixhenxe. Kuyinto eyaziwayo aqukuqela edikeni eninzi yemilambo (ngaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu), kwaye ilandela enye kuphela - i Angara. ngaphezu kwesiqingatha iphuma emanzini engenayo phezu komlambo. Selenga. On izimvu iye iziqithi ezininzi, inkulu yazo Olkhon. Kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba idike kwasekwa 25 yezigidi kwiminyaka eyadlulayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba umzimba omkhulu wamanzi kucingelwa ukuba nje kuphela zinzulu kodwa endala kakhulu. Makubulelwe ngokuma ezahlukeneyo kwi izimvu zizityebi ihlabathi enezityalo nezilwanyana.

zamanzi

Emantla-ntshona Ibanga ichibi Western Pribaikalye nto leyo ngumcu icuthene kwaye ufikelela umphakamo iimitha ezingama-450. Ezi akheke emaweni ngaphandle khangela emangalisayo enhle kwaye ngokugqibeleleyo kukuchaza iselunxwemeni. Ingakumbi wabalaselisa iincopho ezintabeni aso. Izimvu yokusonga (ifom isiqabu is non-standard) itsala izazinzulu ezininzi ehlabathini.

zamanzi

Zabaikalye wasilahla phakathi Pribaykalye kunye umlambo Argun. Ubude bayo enye enesiqingatha ophosa ilale ukuya kummandla kumzantsi-ntshona ukuya emntla-mpuma. Kwezinye iindawo, ezintabeni okwindawo phezu kwamanzi kwinqanaba. Kuxhomekeka kubume ubudala isiqabu, izimvu zibe yahlulelwe kwii ariya ezininzi ezinxulumene. Eliphezulu ephakeme kukuthi i ikhodi, apho ufikelela umphakamo emithathu leekhilomitha. Ngenxa yakhe climbers rhoqo, kwaye abaninzi tyelela le nto zendalo, ezifana zamanzi esibayeni. Ifom ye isiqabu le ndawo iyamangalisa. Kwaye kuphela kule zomkhenkce yentaba abafumene xa glaciations koqeqesho. Le ephakeme iqukiwe kwindlela Stanovoy, leyo kwasekwa ezigodini neentaba phakathi nezidanga. Ukubunjwa chain nganye kuquka izidanga, Isakare lwamawa flat. Kwindawo akumazantsi Transbaikal emathafeni abaninzi. Ngenxa yokuba kule ndawo kulo nyaka amanqanaba asezantsi kwemvula, iinkqubo ukhukhuliseko zibe semxholweni. Kwi kwinxalenye esempuma Trans-izimvu ngenxa yezantyalantyala zemvula wabumba kweziporo proluvial-ityuwa. Inkululeko apha ibonakala yokuqala. Oku ikakhulu kuchazwe kumacandelo tyaba, ezimi ngaphandle kabukhali nxamnye lwamawa eziphakamileyo. Olu hlobo isiqabu kuthiwa Gobi.

Zonke iintaba le izimvu ukusonga kunye mphandle ekhethekileyo, ngaphezu umdla zesayensi.