Indawo eGreenland, imozulu, abemi, isixeko, indwe

On iplanethi yethu, kukho amazwe amaninzi awahlukeneyo amaninzi kunye zolwimi ezahlukeneyo, ezenkcubeko kunye nezinye iimpawu. Kodwa bambalwa kakhulu kuzo akhiwe kwi ziqithi, kwaye mhlawumbi kumazwe ngamnye okanye ukuzimela ebanzi. Indawo eGreenland lubonisa imeko yayo inkulu ekwanti ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ebekwe kwi siqithi sikhulu ehlabathini. Kodwa oku kuphela into okuqinisekisa abakhenkethi.

ulwazi olusisiseko

Uphi Greenland? Ugu Sendizihlambile yi ezimbini iilwandlekazi: i-Arctic kunye Atlantic.

Sisiqithi kufutshane kwilizwekazi yaseYurophu. Isondlo, Greenland yinxalenye Denmark, kodwa eneneni - yinto ukuzimela enkulu unamalungelo ebanzi for self-government. Basics zezi:

1. Ummandla ogcweleyo eGreenland 2.166.086 macala onke. km, kodwa ngenxa yokuba yonke le "ubutyebi" kuphela 340 lamawaka. km ^₂ efanelekileyo ebomini, ekubeni azinayo ngumkhenkce.
2. Kwi siqithi likhaya kubemi 57.000, ne-90% yabo - i Inuit, "titular" uhlanga amalungu babehlala apha ukusuka kudaladala. Ngako oko abantu Greenland ke eyohlobo olulodwa ngokwaneleyo.
3. I-capital ibekwe kwi umzi igama engaqhelekanga ukuba Nuuk yaseYurophu.
4. Ulwimi lwaseburhulumenteni ngo-2009, i nohadi, phambi kokuba zayo Danish.
5. Greenland iflegi - isangqa ebomvu namhlophe kwisiqalo efanayo. Umbala ilandela iisimboli Denmark.
6. Imali esemthethweni kuphela ke krone Danish.

Ukuba ufuna ukubiza umntu eGreenland, ikhowudi khawlzileyo - (299).

Xa wayivula?

Kodwa xa lo siqithi iindwendwe emangalisayo kwi yemozulu wayo ungakhuphisana kunye Antarctic, oko kuqala kuvulwa?

I-reference yokuqala eyaziwayo lisukela emva konyaka 875. Wasisusa siqithi Icelander Gunnbjørn Fjeld. I wonder oko kuchazwe nje ukufunyanwa bakhe, kodwa akukho iimephu oluchanekileyo kunye neminye imiyalelo zange ashiye, kuba elunxwemeni iwile. Emva koko, bambalwa abantu babengazi apho eGreenland, kunye nomdla kakhulu ukufunyanwa akazange abangele. Amaxesha koko bakhathazeka, i Vikings ngcembe yoyiswa intsimi entsha ...

Kuphela 982, elunxwemeni beli lizwe limangalisayo okokuqala kwafika omnye Icelander Eirik Road. Yaba nguye lowo wamnika igama ukuya siqithi. Ngaloo ndlela, waqalisa uphuhliso olusebenzayo kule ndawo.

Amazwe siqithi

Kulo nyaka 983 yasekwa ngayo yaqalisa Icelandic, olwaqhubeka kwaze phakathi kwenkulungwane ye-15! Noko ke, ubulungisa kufuneka zongezwe ukuba imozulu ngelo xesha, Isimanga, lithambile. Ngoko ke, i "ilizwe green" Greenland igama hayi ngengozi, kuba hlobo ixesha elide, kwaye iqondo lobushushu nolophu ngaphezulu.

Ngoko enetyala "ukuya kwenye" kwakukho abaninzi. kwamakhulu amane (ukusuka 13 nele-17), eli ilifa lomhlaba eNorway, kodwa kamva weza phantsi kolawulo Danish. Ngowe-1814, i-Danes ekugqibeleni kubenze manyano (into efana ubunye contract) kunye eNorway, kwaye babe abanini kuphela siqithi. Ngowe-1953, Greenland imvume ngokusemthethweni iwonga "Inxalenye kummandla uBukumkani Denmark," kodwa ke abantu bona 'ilizwe eluhlaza "oku engavumi ngokwenene.

ibali esinomdla obufihlakeleyo amazwe siqithi yi-Vikings. Ukususela kunyaka 983 de kwinkulungwane ye-12, baye ebekho kakhulu ekulungelelaniseni ezininzi nemizi yayo. Kodwa ke ngequbuliso kwenzeka kamsinya zokuhlala oshiywe, kwaye Vikings wemka kwezi elunxwemeni. Kwenzeka ntoni?

Kude kube kamva nje, ukuba nantoni na awayefike sele iqhutywe kakhulu ukuya kwizinto ezitenxileyo. Kodwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo ndiye ndakwazi phakamisa komkhusane sezulu kuyimfihlo. Njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya BC ngenkulungwane ye-11 kwi-siqithi meko sisiba ngumntu kakhulu, ixesha efudumeleyo lwathatha ixesha elide, kwaye kwezinye iindawo kunxweme, ngokutsho-ngqangi yamandulo, nokuba esivuthiweyo ingqolowa. Ke kwabakho snap elibukhali ebandayo, ngenxa apho Vikings wakhetha ukuba uphume apha.

Ulawulo sezopolitiko kweli lizwe currency uthwele epalamente kwaye inkulumbuso. Ukongeza, abemi eGreenland unalo ilungelo lokuzikhethela abameli ababini, abo banike ilizwi iimfuno siqithi kwiPalamente Danish.

ukuzimela esisemthethweni

Kubanjwe November 25, 2008 lwezimvo lifumene ukuzimela ntsimi. Isibakala sokuba abantu siqithi kaThixo bavotela i utshintsho ezininzi kakhulu kuwiso-mthetho. Ngokukodwa, kwakunjalo ngoko ukuba Greenlandic waba ulwimi kuphela, kunye namasebe enkundla kwaye yesigqeba ufumene inkululeko epheleleyo. Namhlanje, thina sifikelele sicinge ukuba iflegi eGreenland iimpukane phezu kokuzimela lizwe. Noko ke, inkululeko izise emibi - Denmark wayeka ukuxhasa uqoqosho siqithi, ngaphezu $ 600 yezigidi ngonyaka.

Ngokusemthethweni amalungiselelo zimvo weza ukusebenza phakathi ku-2009, yaye ukususela ngoko yonke indawo Greenland - enyanisweni ngokupheleleyo likarhulumente elizimeleyo kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ne-European Union kunye bendawo musa ukwakha ubuhlobo.

Ngokusemthethweni, esi siqithi uyakuhlala inxalenye Denmark, kodwa oko akuthethi kuba kwi-EU. Ukususela ekusekweni kwayo siqithi babeyifuna wamelana ixesha yaba yinxalenye iYurophu enobunye. Isizathu ilula: mhlawumbi, Greenland ngale ndlela iyazikhusela ukuzimela yeziveliso zayo zendalo okuloba, izinto ezo, kungenjalo, ngoko ofuna ukufanelekela Norway Denmark. Imeko yezopolitiko kunzima ngokwaneleyo kule mimandla, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nokuba eladlulayo.

Economy kunye nokhenketho

uqoqosho Greenland namhlanje isekelwe ekulobeni. Kakade ke, kukho ithemba nezokukhupha izimbiwa, njengoko kwisiqithi kukho imali ebekiweyo apho ores polymetallic. Nantso ukhenketho kuphela, nto leyo athembele abaxhasi ezimbalwa kakhulu ukuzimela ngokupheleleyo intsimi, kangaka luyalambatha. Isizathu - imozulu ngqwabalala, kwaye iindleko ukhenketho nentshiseko phakathi abakhenkethi izinto. Ngoko Greenland - lizwe oselula, kodwa ngobunzima lukhuni.

kweenqwelo nezinye zothutho

Kule dolophu kunye esibizwa Kangerlussuaq yeyona moya inkulu kule ndawo, ngokusekelwe kwi-US Air Force base kwindawo Cold War. Nangona elula ibonakale, ubungakanani moya ezimbini avumele ukuba uthathe moya yamazwe ngamazwe.

Ukongeza, ungafumana ukuya siqithi, thatha inkonzo wokuweza evela kwinkampani cruise Hurtigruten. Cities e Greenland ngokwayo amaqhina oqhagamshelwano womnatha branched wokuweza. Ukuba ufuna isantya, kufuneka usebenzise iinkonzo moya ezincinane Air eGreenland, elingumnini iinqwelomoya ezininzi inomfana ntaka zothutho elinesibini.

Road imoto kwisiqithi omkhulu - nto km onke, malunga 150 (kunye nabo kwiindawo ezisezidolophini). Ngokubanzi, Greenland - eli lizwe ayikho imoto. Xa iyonke kukho malunga namawaka amathathu izithuthi ebhalisiweyo, SUV ubukhulu becala kwaye yeka-kwendlela zokusebenza.

imizi emikhulu

Nuuk (ngaphambili mzi kwathiwa Godthab) - elikomkhulu eGreenland, leyo yasekwa ngowe 1728. bevangeli Danish. Kuyinto isixeko ngobukhulu kwisiqithi, apho isihlalo lorhulumente wengingqi. Abemi kule ndawo emangalisayo yokuhlekisa ukuba apha kukho kuyo ehlobo Santa Claus. Ukuqwalasela indawo apho eGreenland kwimaphu, kule ngxelo, kukho inxalenye inyaniso.

Ilullissat (igama elidlulileyo - Jakobshavn), ebekwe kwi kunxweme ichwetyana isibizo disc "ugesi". Kodwa kule ndawo - eziqatha, ngenxa yokuba amanzi acocekileyo ayifane ibonakale ngenxa yobuninzi kwazo. Hi ndlela leyi, kule mimandla azalwe ubuncinane 1/10 zonke kwazo ukuze sibonwe kufuphi nonxweme eGreenland. Mhlawumbi isixeko mhlawumbi kuphela, ithuba lokuqhayisa kokuba wokufika rhoqo abakhenkethi.

Elidityaniswe ngokobuhle yenzeka zeentaba zasekuhlaleni enomkhenkce, leyo zitsala abantu abasuka kulo lonke ihlabathi. Abakhenkethi abaninzi nje ngenxa yoku uze ufumanise apho imaphu eGreenland.

Kangerlussuaq isekelwe kufuphi glacier kwegama elifanayo. Kulapha oko kukuthi moya inkulu Greenland. Ngokoqobo kuloo mzi uyakwazi rhoqo ukubukela imihlambi amaxhama. Kwakhona ezitalatweni badla ukubona imivundla ezibandayo kunye iimpungutye. Ukuba uqhuba kweekhilomitha-25 kuphela kude, uyakwazi ukubona glacier ezintle Russell.

Qaqortoq (igama endala laloo mzi iyalila Yulianehlob) yasungulwa ngo-1775. Kutsha nje, Akukude kwesixeko, abembi Bakhubeka phezu iintsalela yokuhlala Viking ndawonye ibandla, leyo imihla ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yeshumi. Kule dolophu Unartok nga ezidada imithombo yamanzi ashushu uze utye lo mboniso eqingqiweyo amatye yasekuhlaleni.

Umanak - enye zokuhlala elifana kakhulu kula mazwe ezigqunywe likhephu. Kuxhomekeke phesheya Arctic Circle, kodwa apha nani liphezulu leentsuku enelanga. Ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya ku-Agasti kwezi ndawo musa ilanga, kodwa ngenxa yokuba abakhenkethi kukho nexesha abangenzi nto leyo kuchithwa phezu uviwo ngokucokisekileyo kwindawo ezingqongileyo. Kwidolophu encinane kukho imyuziyam emangalisayo, apho waqokelela nezinto ezininzi ezithetha ngobomi e Greenland.

izinto

Asinto nzima ukuba baqashele ukuba phantse zonke iindawo zasekuhlaleni imvelaphi yendalo. Ngokomzekelo, kuphela umntu ukuqikelela ubungakanani kunye nobukhulu kwazo, enye leyo eye yabangela ukufa edume Titanic. Ngokubanzi, Greenland umkhenkce ifihle malunga nama-80%, kwaye ubukhulu baso neekhilomitha ezintathu. Njengoko indawo Greenland in macala onke. km 2166086, oko akukho nzima ukuqonda oko isixa Cyclopean ikhephu ekhenkcezisiweyo ilapha!

Izazinzulu ziqikelela ukuba kuphela omkhenkce anyibilike yobulali (singasathethi ke Antarctic), kwinqanaba elwandle uya kuvuka sasiziimitha ubuncinane ezisixhenxe. Kwaye kubonakala ukuba konke oku kuhamba. Kodwa ngenxa izazinzulu ukufudumala ukulawula rhoqo ukwenza ezingalindelekanga ezifunyaniswe: ". Isiqithi eshushu" ngo-2005, abaphengululi bakwazi ukufumana isiqwengana somhlaba, nto leyo ebizwa Kubhaliwe ibekwe ezimbalwa kwiikhilomitha ezilikhulu ukusuka elunxwemeni eGreenland. Izazinzulu lubonisa ukuba ibhulorho ice edibanisa kunye siqithi, linyibilike nje kule minyaka 20-30 yokugqibela.

Gunnborn yintaba kwinxalenye esempuma-uninzi eGreenland (Gunnbjorn). phezulu kwayo ziyimfumba eye phezu siqithi ngenxa ngeekhilomitha ngaphezulu kwe-3.5. Kwaye yiloo nto kanye inxalenye engaphaya ice ububanzi eminyaka ubudala! Kufuphi na umfula mde ehlabathini, Scoresby Sund. Le ukusika, Akuse Ebubanzini komhlaba iikhilomitha nje 350!

Glacier Sermeq Kujaleq. Mhlawumbi, ngenxa kuwo ungatyelela i "ilizwe green". Ngo-2004, ngokusesikweni UNESCO nakuko oku "iqhekeza lomkhenkce" kuluhlu lwe sayithi Heritage World. Kodwa kutheni kulilungelo onjalo? Njengoko indawo Greenland in macala onke. km mkhulu kakhulu, nge-80% yalo - umkhenkce, nokuba eninzi ingqalelo glacier nye? Ndafumanisa ukuba kukho, kuba wahlukile ngokwenene.

indawo yayo - kweekhilomitha ngaphezu kwezigidi ezintathu isikwere, kwaye ngonyaka disko Bay Water Wazityanda kude kube ngaphezu kwama-40 amawaka cubic metres ngumkhenkce. Glacier ngokwayo uyafana umlambo elizukileyo ice ecocekileyo, leyo njengezinambuzane phezu eGreenland ezimalunga nama-40 cm ngosuku. Xa incam efikelela Disco ice Ukwakheka, ice abakreqayo kulo eGreenland.

Isimo sezulu Greenland

Imozulu ongqwabalala - i-Arctic kwaselwandle Arctic. Embindini siqithi, unika indlela eya Arctic zwekazi. Yobunzima kongeza iinkanyamba, ngenxa apho imozulu ungatshintsha phantse ngephanyazo. Kukho njalo "siphinda-" iqondo lobushushu kwaye ukutshintsha indlela umoya izihlandlo eziliqela ngeyure nganye. Ukususela ice kule ngingqi ithatha indawo enkulu ngaphezu yonke United Kingdom, umthwalo wayo ngokugqithiseleyo ebangela ukunqamka le uthinte, kangangokuba ngundoqo island yeemitha 360 ngezantsi (!) Umphezulu elwandle. Ngoko ke, Greenland, imozulu zibi kakhulu yaye rhoqo, ukhetha umoya onamandla kunye nabantu anesibindi.

iimpawu Weather

Winter luphawulwa iinkanyamba abasisigxina kunye isixa esikhulu kwezulu. Nangona kunjalo, amaqondo obushushu wamkelekileyo ngoDisemba lunqabe lancitshiswa -8 ° C. NgoJanuwari, kunxweme - ukusuka -7 ° C. Le meko yahlukile ekupheleni ngasezantsi, apho yasebusika uwalungise rhoqo lobushushu -36 ° C NgoFebruwari, imozulu kunye abazange balila, ukuya kutsho ku -47 ° C (ubuncinane ingundoqo - -70 ° C). Ngamafutshane, kukho ufudumele kwezinye kwimimandla Mars!

Kungcono ukutyelela kulo mmandla ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya kuJuni. Ukuba ungathanda ebusika, kodwa lobushushu ungaphantsi degrees -50 engenanto, uhambo nga ehlelelwe phakathi-Epreli. Spring nje mkhulu; nengqele njengoko akukho namnye, kwaye emantla tan liqinisekisiwe. lobushushu Air kunqabile iwela ngezantsi -10 ° C. Yintoni abakhenkethi bazakuyivuyela siqithi sikhulu - Greenland - ehlotyeni?

Njengekhephu, obuzukileyo ngoJuni ingaqhelekanga. Xa imozulu ehlotyeni apha kuba ukwazeka ngokupheleleyo. umoya rhoqo, ukufikelela ngesantya 60-70 m / s. Elona xesha lilungileyo ukutyelela siqithi - ukususela phakathi kuJulayi ukuya ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba. Imihla bafumana ixesha elide, kwaye kumathafa jikisa kwindawo emangalisayo enhle: apha, izigidi iintyatyambo okwentyatyambo, kukho amaqunube emnandi.

Sekunjalo kwixesha elifanayo icebo le "ukufunyanwa 'of Greenland? Impendulo izicacele: konke oko kuxhomekeke nokukhethwa kubakhenkethi yemozulu.