Economy in recession. Kwenzeka ntoni kwezoqoqosho emva ukudodobala le nkqubo?

Umjikelo wobomi msebenzi ishishini naliphi na ishishini okanye uqoqosho lukarhulumente iquka izigaba ezininzi. Okokuqala, kukho ukunyuka, waza ke umsebenzi ifikelela incopho yayo. Maxa wambi, ukwehla kwenzeka, leyo kugqitywa ukuhla ngokupheleleyo. Ikutshoyo kwisigaba sesithathu kwintlekele. Eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba recession. Thetha ngayo kweli nqaku.

Economy sokwehla: ulwazi ngokubanzi

Ngaphandle kwemali, kukho iziphumo ezimbini. Ukudodobala koqoqosho kunokukhokelela njengoko ekhankanywe apha ngasentla, ukuba kukho ukuhla epheleleyo lizwe yonke imiphumo okwadala kuyo. Ukuhla msebenzi nako ukusetyenziswa ngurhulumente karhulumente ukufumana izisombululo ezikhawulezileyo iingxaki eziya kungena umjikelo yokukhula entsha.

ukuba nombono

State of lwezoqoqosho, nanto leyo kaninzi kwenzeka emva kokwandiswa kuzo zonke izalathisi kwaye indalo non-ebaluleke kakhulu ukuhla kwimveliso kuthiwa recession. Ngeli xesha, ngokonakala lwezalathisi eziphambili ezichaphazela macro. Into yokuba uqoqosho ungaphakathi kukudodobala, ngokwe:

1. Ekuncipheni GDP.
2. Ukuhla kwengeniso.
3. Ukuvuthuluka umtsalane investment.
4. Ukunciphisa umthamo lwemveliso kwamashishini mveliso.
5. umsebenzi yabathengi Ukuncipha.

Economy in komnotho kuthetha ukuba kuza ixesha ezimbi kweli lizwe. Ngexesha amashishini zakhe thoba isantya imveliso, ukwenza iimpahla ezimbalwa, abemi, banqunyulwe phantsi umvuzo, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba ukuqala ukusindisa.

izizathu

Uqoqosho recession ezinokubangelwa:

1. A ukuwa kwamaxabiso e-oyile negesi. ukuncipha kwawo kukhokelela recession kumazwe apho ezi zibonelelo zibe yimveliso ecwangciswe ngobuchule.
2. ukukhula okumandla iindleko eziphathekayo ekrwada. Oko kuxhokonxwa yeemfuno nemincili yabathengi.
3. Ukukhutshwa isixa engamkelekanga mboleko mortgage kunye ipesenti ephezulu umngcipheko.
4. Ukwehlisa umthamo imveliso onke amacandelo oshishino.
5. Ukuncitshiswa umvuzo kunye nezinye iingeniso. Oku kubandakanya, ngokunjalo, ukuvuthuluka igunya nokuthengwa yabemi.

Kwenzeka ntoni kwezoqoqosho emva ukudodobala le nkqubo? Le ngenxa yokudodobala nakanjani uba ukudakumba okanye ntlekele. Ngokuba yonke imithetho yezoqoqosho abakwazi ukuba siphephe isimo esinjalo. Noko ke, ngenxa imisebenzi labahlalutyi kunye nezinye iingcali, inkqubo kunokuba kakhulu egudileyo. Sebenza isimo liphezulu iingqondo kuya kunciphisa nefuthe elibi kwemali, ukunciphisa imiphumela ngokubanzi.

izehlo

Ukuba uqoqosho lwelizwe e kukudodobala, oko kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi kuphela kuloo State. Okwangoku, kukho intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe. umsebenzi Economic kwelinye ilizwe banokuba nolwalamano olusondeleyo kunye namacandelo athile kwamanye amazwe. Ngoko ke, ukwehla iqumrhu omnye uya ekugqibeleni kukhokelela Ukonakala kwenye enye. Oku, kungakhokelela ekubeni nentlekele lwehlabathi. Ngokukodwa, ngokutsho kwezinye abahlalutyi, uqoqosho EU ukho onzulu recession. Phakathi sikhokelo yobudlelwane bezizwe ngexesha kwemali kukho ukuhla indices kwi-stock exchange. Ngenxa yoko, imali yesizwe lizwe apho ukuvuthuluka uqoqosho kakuhle. Oku, ebangela amathuba engagqibekanga yamatyala lwangaphandle. Xa uqoqosho kwi yokudodobala, ukubandezeleka ingakumbi amashishini asebenza kweli lizwe. Phambi kwabo kukho imfuneko bacuthe imiyinge imveliso ngenxa yempahla yabathengi azibi. intlawulo yasemva kwexesha iimveliso kunikelwa kunokubangela abaxhomekeki iirhafu kunye nemivuzo. Ngenxa yoko, iinkampani engekakulungeli ukuba ntlekele, wavakaliswa otshonileyo (yayiwa). Ifuthe lokwehla wazi kakuhle kwaye ngqo abathengi impahla. Abemi iba imivuzo ezincinane, abantu baba utshonile, asikwazi ufezekisa izibophelelo ngetyala, kweyela emhadini ematyaleni.

ngezigaba

Xa uqoqosho kwi kukudodobala, iingcali ukuhlalutya izizathu oku. Ngenxa imisela zalo uhlobo ekonakaleni:

1. Ezingacwangciswanga. Le nokwehla kwenzeka phantsi kweempembelelo izinto ezimbi ezifana ukuhla ongeke amaxabiso emhlabeni imithombo-qhinga (i-oyile negesi), ekuqaleni imfazwe. Ngenxa yezi nkqubo kwi-mali karhulumente intswelo, amanani gross aqalise ukwehla ngokukhawuleza. Nezingacwangciselwanga nokwehla kuqwalaselwa ziingcali ezininzi kakhulu yingozi. Oku kungenxa ekungakwazini uqikelelo ngexesha lokwehla kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukuba kusabela ngayo.
2. Ukudodobala, leyo onesimilo ngokwasengqondweni okanye ezopolitiko. Izizathu zoku ukuhla ubabalo oluvela ukuzithemba kwabatyali amazwe, abavelisi zasekuhlaleni kunye nabasebenzisi zabucala. Le recession kuboniswa ngamandla yokuthenga elincitshisiweyo, ukunciphisa umthamo enabela, Esiwa amazinga bond, impahla, Iivawutsha kunye nezinye izibambiso. Oku kuncipha kube lula ukoyisa. Out recession kwezoqoqosho kule meko ngokusebenzisa iindlela ngokwe mali kunye nasengqondweni.
3. Ukudodobala ezivele ngenxa nezalathisi esezantsi kuqoqosho ukwenyuka kwetyala lwangaphandle. Isiphumo soku kwemali yi yayikukuphuphuma eyinkunzi, ukuhla kwamaxabiso stock, kwiminyaka emininzi ndidandatheka kuyoluka.

period

Ukwehla kwezoqoqosho iqatshelwa ukuba ukuncipha umthamo kwimveliso kunye ngezimvo amanani gross kwenzeka ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintandathu kwaye iqala athathe uhlobo elide. Ixesha eli thuba iza kuxhomekeka oonobangela kwimeko enjalo. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho kukudodobala ezepolitiki okanye ngokwasengqondweni, kukunciphisa ixesha lokwehla ibe ngenxa ukubuya intembeko yoluntu kunye noshishino. Ukulungiselela le njongo inyathelo abanyanisekileyo kwiinkalo wokubolekisa ngemali kunye nokhuseleko loluntu. Le meko yahlukile kunye nezingacwangciselwanga recession. Njengoko sesitshilo ngasentla, ukuqikelela kukudodobala kunzima. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbi ezikumila lwehlabathi. A karhulumente yaphawula apho ukuhla kwemveliso, akakwazi ebachaphazelayo. Kulo meko, into ekuphela ukuba ungenza analytics - kukuphuhlisa amanyathelo ejoliswe mpuluswa iziphumo esiphezulu elibi.

Komnotho ku Russia

State of the kuqoqosho lwasekhaya kuxhomekeke ngqo kwintsebenzo imarike oyile negesi. Ukuncipha kwamaxabiso ombane iquka iqela neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kweli lizwe. Kwindawo yokuqala kwehlisa imali yengeniso zithunyelwa-mali mali evela kwintengiso yemveliso qhinga. ekwandiseni Stock kuqala kuwa, emva kwabo kukho buthathaka engange. ukuhla imveliso ebangela ukwehla kwemivuzo. Maxongo umsebenzi kwabathengi yabemi. Ngoxa kuncitshiswa lengeniso nokunyuka kwamaxabiso zeempahla neenkonzo. Lokwehla kwezoqoqosho kweli lizwe kwakhona ngenxa yeemeko zangaphandle - izohlwayo aliqela amazwe. Ukususela ngowe-2015 siye yayiphelise ubudlelwane kunye neenkampani ezahlukeneyo ngamazwe yayizibhenca ukusebenza kunye nophuhliso lwamashishini amakhulu, ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kwi-GDP. Njengokuba bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iingcali, le meko angahlala de-2017. Namhlanje, Noko ke, le meko ingatshintsha ukuba isivumelwano ezizakubanesiphumo kwimveliso oyile zibambene.

Ukudodobala mihla le nangenxa yokudodobala

La magama mabini umahluko ezibalulekileyo. A nokwehla iphawulwa njenge recession wobulali. Kulo mzekelo, kokoma iye isingxi amacandelo aphambili zobuchule. Ngeli thuba:

1. amashishini zorhwebo noshishino wayeka umsebenzi.
2. Kukho kwemisebenzi abaninzi.
3. iingeniso sinciphile kwaye nokuhla umgangatho wobomi.

isiphelo

Ngexesha ukudodobala waqalisa inkqubo fomato kwakhona ulawulo noqoqosho lweli lizwe. Iingcali ngokuphuhlisa nokumilisela izicwangciso nophuhliso kunye nophuculo amacandelo ezisisiseko kwezoqoqosho. Kule mihla le nangenxa yokudodobala na ukunika nayiphi zabafaki kwaye ukuqhelana leyinene entsha. Ngenxa yoko, eli lizwe uyasinda nqanaba yokugqibela kumjikelo, umbhodamo kwezoqoqosho anzongonzongo iqala.