Defence Dorostol, imfazwe Russian-aseByzantium iminyaka 970-971: iziganeko, abakhuzi

Le wokhuselo odumileyo Dorostol - isiqephu Russian-yaseByzantium imfazwe iminyaka 970-971. Emva uthotho amadabi kufuphi Bulgarian inqaba Kievan Prince Svyatoslav kwafuneka abhenele kwilizwe labo baze bashiye icebo uboyisa iibhanki weDanube.

iziganeko zangaphambili

Ngowe-968 Byzantium wathumela izigidimi eRashiya. Thimba ukulukuhla prince Svyatoslav oselula Kievan Igorevich ukuya iDanube nokunceda amaGrike empini yawo nxamnye uBukhosi Bulgarian. squad lenqaba ngokwenene banceda umlawuli kweConstantinople. Noko ke, Svyatoslav wayefuna ukuba la mazwe, bona, emva kokuba ekubulaleni Bulgarians ibhengeze imfazwe kwi Byzantium.

Ukongeza, i-Prince wagqiba ekubeni afudukele yokuhlala yakhe weDanube. Sviatoslav ngokufutshane Wenza Pereyaslavets eyinkunzi. Kumadabi iminyaka 970 yaye sele uqinisekile ophumeleleyo. Svyatoslav bafudukela yokuhlala ebusika Pereyaslavets. Zomkhosi wakhe ukuba uzive nokunqongophala kwawo. amajoni amaninzi ababuleweyo kwaye buphelile obabuza kwilizwe lasemzini. Inkulu wathuma umthunywa eKiev ngemiyalelo ukuba bahlanganise squad entsha. Ngasemthonjeni ka-971, i-ukusekelwa wafika ngokwenene ukuba Svyatoslav.

Kunyaka wokuqala imfazwe, uBukhosi baseByzantium akazange akwazi kubabetha ngesibetho yotshaba yadityaniswa ngenxa yokuba kolo qhankqalazo eli lizwe waqhekeza mkhosi Warda Phocas. Xa ekugqibeleni abathintela oko, irhuluneli Ioann Tsimiskhy waya eBulgaria ukutshabalalisa umkhosi Russian. Svyatoslav lihambe liye Dorostol. Le nqaba nenqaba yakhe ephambili. Ukuba abameli ngokupheleleyo Dorostol isiqephu imfazwe, xa isigqibo apho iqela liya kuphumelela imbambano.

ngqa

Svyatoslav ayinakulungiselela ngokupheleleyo edabini ezayo. Defence Dorostol ube ngumlinganiselo oyimfuneko kuye, yena akazange afune ukuhamba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngeli xesha uninzi lwabantu yaseBulgaria iye kwicala yenkulu Kiev.

Lo mlawuli yaseByzantium yakwazi ngokukhawuleza ukusa ngapha kwentaba Bulgarian. April 23 971 babesilwa Greek avant-garde kunye looding encinane yeentlola Russian. Xa phantsi Dorostol iindonga ndandiba umlo wokwenene, ibutho yamaGrike bafudukela nokuxubana, ukwakhiwa imigca emibini. Kumqolo wokuqala baba nomkhosi kunye mahashe. Emva kwabo wambu yabatoli. Zonke abavikeli angaphumelela ukuhlaselwa-12, emva koko ikampu buthathaka lihambe liye ngaphaya kweendonga zesixeko. AmaByzantine wenza ngokusebenzisa amahashe Igalelo lokugcina.

inkampu Byzantine

Kuye kwacaca ukuba Dorostol wokhuselo uza kuthatha ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ke Ioann Tsimiskhy wayalela ukwakhiwa kwinkampu ezinqatyisiweyo kufuphi iindonga zesixeko, apho nabangqingi nako kakuhle nayo. Saba embindini induli encinci, engqongwe umsele wemba. Ukongeza, le nkampu ukhuselwe ugxunyekwe iikopi emhlabeni, nto leyo izihlangu basebenzisane.

Le kuvalwe iindlela umzi

Kwanangaphambi kokushiya kwiphondo isiGrike, umlawuli ndawonye nawa, wazithumela kunxweme Sea Black ukuya emlonyeni weDanube. Le butho liye lakhula ngempumelelo komlambo 25 April kufuphi Dorostol, nto leyo eye ngoku bavinjiwe. Svyatoslav lonke eli xesha kule ikampu. Kwakhona wayeneqela encinane ehlasela. Prince wayalela iinqanawa ukutshisa unokusiwa banjwa. AmaByzantine wazama ukunyanzela wayingqinga ukushiya umzi nokunika idabi jikelele. Endaweni yoko, i nokuxubana evela iindonga zesixeko ukudubula iintshaba ngamatye neentolo.

Ekugqibeleni 26 of Svyatoslav wayalela yomdlalo ukuya entsimini uze kulwa notshaba. Ke noko, wayethembe ukuba kunjalo ngempumelelo phezu wokhuselo Dorostol. Unyaka ka eqhubekayo idabi lukhuni umkhosi wakhe, onke amajoni babefuna imfazwe. Slaughter waqhubeka Aprili 27 emva kokuba amajoni Russian wachitha ubusuku kwindawo enye. Ngexesha emfazweni wabulawa ngomnye engundoqo uqikelelo Svyatoslav Igorevich - Sfenkel. Isiphelo sakhe yaziwa ngenxa yenkcazelo eneenkcukacha iziganeko kwiiBalkans, kushiywe ngumbhali Leo Deacon.

UMlawuli, kuba ufuna bahlukane utshaba, wathumela amandla oluncinane Ezomva nokuxubana. Ukubona izinto zenzeke Byzantines, Svyatoslav kunye nomkhosi wakhe kwakhona wabuyela kuwo umzi. Isikhulu lenqaba akulolize woyika ukuba wonqanyulwa, ungabikho iindonga.

Le nyanga ezintathu-nasekuxinweni

Aprili 29 yaqalisa zokungqinga elide. Yaba ukuziphendulela Dorostol ilukhuni. Unyaka ka imfazwe wanika Svyatoslav kunye namajoni bakhe ubutyebi yamava, nto leyo eye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ekungqingweni, nasekuxinweni. Nokuxubana wemba sisihogo esinzulu, singavumeli amaByzantine ukuba ufake kakuhle oomatshini ezifunekayo ukuze bazigunguxule iindonga.

Wangqingwa likwazile ukuchitha kuhlaselo ezimbalwa yimpumelelo ngaphandle komzi. Le nqaba ukutya okwaneleyo na. Scouts wamngenisa Dorostol ukutya ezitsha, nto leyo yanceda ukugcina amandla ikampu. Ngexesha elinye kuphangwa lamoyisa wona yaseByzantium amajoni abo babezalusa amahashe abo weDanube. Emva kwesi siganeko, amaGrike ngokwemba zonke iindlela ezakhokelela njengomzi ongqingiweyo.

Kwiinyanga ezintathu ezizayo, amaByzantine kuqhutywa ngempumelelo isixeko amandla okumbophelela. yaphela Food. Indlala, elandelwa Bulgarians basekuhlaleni ngokwamaqela amancinane baqalisa wawelela yotshaba. Ukuba Svyatoslav akazange athathe amanyathelo ukuba kwakuya lwaphela kakubi Dorostol yokuzikhusela. Yiyiphi imfazwe wayengekho ngaphandle lwempindezelo? Prince of Kiev wenza isohlwayo zokwalatha Abathandabuzi Bulgarians, ngaloo ndlela abuyisele ingqeqesho esixekweni.

NgoJulayi, le meko ihleli injalo. phuthuma Tzimisces yokuphelisa lokungqinga ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuba xa engekho yayo eConstantinople waqalisa ixesha ziinkathazo. waqhubeka Dorostol wokhuselo, ngoko umlawuli wacela ukuphelisa Svyatoslav imfazwe alwe Tete-a-uTete. Nangona kunjalo, i-Prince of Kiev ngenqaba, ngokuthumela uYohane intlekisa impendulo.

Le mpi yokugcina

Julayi 19 lenqaba squad baya sortie. AmaByzantine ezilahlekileyo ukuphaphama kwabo, abazange bacinge ukuba ungqingwe waba nesibindi lokuhlasela kwinkampu enkulu. Kodwa kanye kwenzeke ntoni. Svyatoslav ne yomdlalo sitshabalalisa iinjini zokungqinga, eshiya kwanamaGrike nto.

I nokuxubana bakhuthazwa impumelelo yabo. Ngosuku olulandelayo, baphuma esixekweni, ukunika elinye idabi amaByzantine, sele udiniwe imfazwe wasentla. Dorostol ukuziphendulela yemiswa kuphela emva kokuba nokuxubana walwa kabini nomkhosi soMhlekazi (Julayi 20 no-22).

Ngexesha idabi lokugqibela amaGrike ikwazile ukuba ayahlule Svyatoslav yomkhosi. Prince ukubulawa okukhulu. Kuye kwacaca ukuba yaphela Dorostol ukuzithethelela. Umhla 23 Julayi - oku isiphelo angqingo elide, apho kwakukho amadabi ezine.

Ukwenza uxolo

Ekugqibeleni Svyatoslav uMlawuli bacela ukuxoxa imiqathango isivumelwano soxolo. Amaqela avumelene ukuphelisa imfazwe. Nokuxubana Tzimisces wathembisa miss ekhaya. Kulo mzekelo, amaByzantine wabanika onke amalungiselelo ayimfuneko. Endaweni Svyatoslav wala mazwe weDanube.

Mhlawumbi Prince of Kiev, ngethemba lokuba aqalise imfazwe emva kweminyaka embalwa yoxolo. Noko ke, endleleni eya emva kwiyunithi yakhe lwaphazamiseka Pechenegs. Kwathi enemisinga Dnieper ngexesha kwibhulorho. Yaphela nje imfazwe, kodwa ubomi Svyatoslav.